Question

【题目】阅读理解
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
（1）We can learn from the passage that ants are ____________.
A.not willing to share food
B.not found around the poles
C.more successful than all other animals
D.too many to achieve any level of organization
（2）Ants can use pheromones for______.
A.escape
B.communication
C.warning enemies
D.arranging labor
（3）What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Accept.
B.Employ.
C.Play with.
D.Fight against.
（4）Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?
A.Their behavior.
B.Their size.
C.Their number.
D.Their weight

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是蚂蚁。单个的蚂蚁显得微不足道，但成群结队的蚂蚁却蕴含着巨大的力量。蚂蚁的数量之众，加起来可以与人类的重量相媲美。蚂蚁分布极为广泛，除了寒冷的山顶和两极地区，几乎到处都有它们的踪影。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知答案选B，结冰的山顶和两极没有蚂蚁。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素)”可知，我们使用声音和视觉来交流，而蚂蚁却使用外激素。故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知，这里指与比自己大的敌人战斗。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“largely due to their wonderful social behavior”和最后一段中的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,...they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater”可知，蚂蚁之所以能够存活下来，是因为它们的社会行为。故选A。