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4.Established (establish) in 1990,the HSK test was initially meant for those learners who regard Chinese as a second or foreign language.

分析 成立于1990年,HSK考试最初是为那些将汉语作为外语或第二语言的学习者准备的.

解答 答案:Established
此处在句中作时间状语,由于动词establish与其逻辑主语the HSK test 构成被动关系,表示的是已经完成的动作;所以这里应使用过去分词形式,故用Established

点评 做本题时,需要了解过去分词作状语及其表示被动与完成的用法.

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