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【题目】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Normally a student must attend a number of courses in order to graduate. In many American universitiesthe total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courseseach 1 (last) for one semester. When attending a university, a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester and a diploma 2 (expect) to be obtained after four years’ academic study. It is possible for a student to move between one university and 3 during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.

All this 4 (true) imposes constant pressure and a strain of work, but 5 this many students still find time for great activities in student affairs. 6 (elect) to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The 7 (effect) work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students, 8 advise the academic authorities. With the enormous numbers of studentsthe operation of the system does 9 (involve) a certain amount of work. It is a commonly 10 (hold) belief that students holding one of these positions of authority are much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.

【答案】

1lasting

2is expected

3another

4truly

5despite

6Elections

7effective

8who

9involve

10held

【解析】

文章介绍美国大学的课程设置,包括文化课程,和学生会组织,学生会认真对待学业,因为这会影响他们的就业,他们也会参加学生会的活动,甚至参加学生会职位的选举,因为这会让他们获得更好的工作。

1考查非谓语动词。句意:在许多美国大学,一个学位的全部学习包括三十六门课程,每一门课程持续一个学期。分析句子可知,each _____1_____ (last) for one semester是独立主格,each指代上文提到的“课程,与last是主动关系,用现在分词,故填lasting。

2考查动词时态语态。句意:在上大学时,一个学生可能会在每个学期上四五门课程,一张文凭预期会在四年的学术学习后获得。分析句子可知,expect是谓语动词,与主语a diploma是被动关系,描述现在存在的事实用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填is expected。

3考查代词。句意:学生在学位课程期间可以从一所大学到另一所大学上课,尽管这实际上并不是一种常规。根据句意,此处表示“另一所大学”,表示三者或三者以上的“另一个”用another,故填another

4考查副词。修饰动词用副词作状语,此处修饰imposes,故填truly

5考查介词。句意:所有这些都给学习带来了持续的压力和紧张,但尽管如此,一些学生仍然有时间参加学生事务中一些很好的活动。 根据句意,此处表示“尽管”,介词后接this作宾语,故填despite

6考查名词。句意:学生组织中的职位选举唤起了很大的热情。分析句子可知,空格处用名词作主语,置句首单词首字母大写,根据句意,用复数,故填Elections

7考查形容词。修饰名词work,用形容词作定语,表示“有效的”,用effective。故填effective。

8考查定语从句。分析句子可知,____advise the academic authorities是定语从句,先行词是students,关系词在从句中作主语,引导非限制性定语从句,指人,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,用关系代词who。故填who

9考查动词。分析句子可知,句意: 由于学生人数众多,体系的的运行确实涉及一定的工作量。分析句子可知,involve是谓语动词,does此处表示强调,后接动词原形,故填involve

10考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,hold作定语,修饰belief,belief与hold之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填held

定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:

  (1) 一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等。

  (2) 二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why。

(3) 三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。

例如小题8,先行词是students,关系词在从句中作主语,引导非限制性定语从句,指人,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,用关系代词 who。故填who

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