10．Contrary to many people believe，highly intelligent children are not necessarily certain to achieve academic success．In fact，so-called gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart．Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people．
One common problem gifted kids face is that they，and those around them，place too much importance on being smart．Such an emphasis can encourage a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well．Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades，when the work is easy，they may struggle and perform poorly when the work gets harder because they do not make the effort to learn．If the academic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period，many teachers will fail to recognize their potential．As a result，such students may not get the encouragement they need，further depressing their desire to learn．They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior problems．
IQ is just one element among many in the recipe for success-Children develop well or struggle in school for a host of reason apart from IQ．These include motivation（积极性）and persistence，social competence，and the support of family，educators and friends．
Because highly gifted children solve the most varied thought problems faster and more thoroughly than those with more average talents do，they need additional intellectual stimulation while they wait for the rest of the kids to learn the basics．Two central approaches are used to satisfy the educational needs of such children：acceleration and enrichment．Acceleration means studying material that is part of the standard subjects for older students．Enrichment involves learning information that falls outside the usual subjects．
A child might skip one or more grades as a way of accelerating in school．But being with older children for the entire school day-and perhaps for grade-based extracurricular activities such as sports-can make a child feel inferior in every realm outside of academics．One very bright fourth-grader who had skipped two grades remained far ahead of his classmates intellectually，but as his classmates reached puberty（青春期），his social and other shortcomings became painfully apparent．While acceleration is not an option，or not a good one，enrichment can be．After all，school is not a race but an adventure in learning．As such，the goal is not finishing first but absorbing as much knowledge as possible in the time assigned．Thus，providing opportunities for a child to study topics outside the regular subjects can be at least as valuable as pushing him or her through the required material faster．
72．What is the basic reason for the low academic achievement of highly intelligent children？B
A．Teachers'failure to recognize their potential．
B．Too much emphasis on being intelligent．
C．Studying topics outside the regular subjects．
D．Lack of encouragement from teachers．
73．According to the passage，which of the following belongs to enrichment activities for talented children？C
A．Skipping one of more grades and studying together with older children．
B．Learning the same material in the standard subjects for older students．
C．Learning information that is not included in the regular subjects．
D．Learning how to read with fluency even in their pre-school days．
74．Which of the following statements do you think is true about the writer？A
A．He is in favor of enrichment rather than acceleration．
B．He is in favor of acceleration rather than enrichment．
C．He speaks highly of both enrichment and acceleration．
D．He thinks neither enrichment nor acceleration is a good choice．
75．In this article，the writer intends toD．
A．point out the weaknesses of acceleration for gifted children
B．compare acceleration with enrichment for gifted children
C．stress the importance of enrichment for gifted children
D．discuss how to bring out gifted children's potential．
分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何带出天才儿童的潜力，确保一名有天赋的孩子发挥他或她的潜力，需要满足非常聪明的年轻人不寻常学习要求，对待高智商儿童的方式可以充实但不能加速．
解答 72．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段"place too much importance on being smart．Such an emphasis can encourage a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well"可知高智力儿童学业成绩低下的根本原因过分强调聪明；故选B．
73．C．细节理解题．根据文章倒数第二段"Enrichment involves learning information that falls outside the usual subjects"可知学习不包括在常规科目中的信息属于天才儿童的丰富活动；故选C．
74．A．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段"While acceleration is not an option，or not a good one，enrichment can be"可知作者赞成对待高智商儿童的方式可以充实但不能加速；故选A．
75．D．主旨大意题．通读全文，根据文章第一段"Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people"可知文章主要讨论了如何带出天才儿童的潜力；故选D．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
