Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some degree our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and different surroundings. Thus the limits of persons’ intelligence are fixed at birth, and whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This idea, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligent. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two twins, they are very likely to be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this shows that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in touch with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
【小题1】If a child is born with low intelligence, he can ______.
| A．become a genius |
| B．not reach his intelligence in his life |
| C．reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings |
| D．still become a genius if he should be given special education |
| A．if we pick any two persons |
| B．if we take out two different persons |
| C．if we choose two persons who have relations |
| D．if we choose two persons with different intelligence |
| A．the part that birth plays |
| B．the importance of their relations |
| C．the importance of their intelligence |
| D．the role of environment on intelligence |
| A．Surroundings | B．Intelligence |
| C．Dependence on Environment | D．Effect of Education |
科目：高中英语 来源：北京市朝阳区2009—2010学年度高三年级第二学期统一考试 题型：阅读理解
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届重庆市三峡联盟高三3月联考英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Earlier this year, the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a stricter nationwide health standard for smog-causing pollutants that would bring substantial benefits to millions of Americans. With a final rule expected by the end of this month, some opponents, mainly from industrial and oil-producing states, are pushing back. They say investments required to produce cleaner air are too expensive and not scientifically justified.
Lisa Jackson, the E.P.A. administrator, needs to stick to her guns. This is only the first of several political tests to come this fall, as she also seeks to tighten rules governing individual pollutants like mercury and global warming gases like carbon dioxide.
The health standard she is proposing covers ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog, which is formed when sunlight mixes with pollutants from factories, refineries, power plants and automobiles. Ozone is a major health threat, contributing to heart disease and various respiratory (呼吸道的) problems.
Ms. Jackson’s proposal—to reduce the permitted level of smog in the air from the current 75 parts per billion to between 60 parts per billion and 70 parts per billion—is sensible, no matter what industry’s defenders may claim. It had been recommended by the agency’s independent scientific panel but rejected by the Bush administration, which proposed a weaker standard.
Industry will have to make investments in cleaner power plants, and new technologies may be required. As it is, about half the counties that monitor ozone levels are not yet in compliance with current standards, let alone the proposed standard.
Fears about burdening industry raised by critics like George Voinovich, a Republican of Ohio, and Mary Landrieu, a Democrat of Louisiana, cannot be dismissed out of hand, especially in the middle of a recession (萧条). But the health benefits, E.P.A. says, far outweigh the costs, and the time frame for compliance (服从) is generous.
【小题1】Why are some people strongly against a stricter limitation of smog-caused pollutants?
| A．Because they have to live a poorer life. |
| B．Because they think they have to spend more money. |
| C．Because they hold different political view. |
| D．Because they want to make more money. |
| A．To reduce the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
| B．To raise the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
| C．To keep the permitted smog level from 60 to 70 to 75 parts per billion. |
| D．To lower the permitted smog level from 75 to 60 to 70 parts per billion. |
| A．Objective. | B．Subjective. | C．Critical. | D．Unknown. |
| A．Cleaner power plant on the way. |
| B．Say no to smog pollutants. |
| C．Lower smog pollutant, better our life. |
| D．Debate on smog pollutants. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年度江苏省盐城市田家炳中学高一上学期期中考试英语卷 题型：填空题
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1. Every woman wants a slim_________（体形，身材）.
2. Nowadays, young people like doing something _____________（具有挑战性）, like mountain climbing, rock climbing, cycling and so on.
3. Some weight-loss pills can even ________ (影响) your health.
4. Children are _________ (禁止) to smoke.
5. The famous professor gave us an _________ (解释) of how sound travels in water.
6. She was really u_____ about the way her father treated her.
7. In the second e-mail, Amy told his friend Zhou Ling that she was in hospital recovering from liver f_________.
8. The mid-term exam is coming soon. The students are busy p_________for it.
9. You can’t ask a lady about her age in public because it will make her e_________.
10. The a________ age of the students in our class is seventeen.
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根据句意和首字母提示完成句子，使句子通顺合理（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1.We must take a correct a_________________ towards criticism from the masses.
2.The modern are museum l_____in the street attracts a lot of visitors every day.
3.This shop sells all kinds of f___________, such as beds, chairs, tables, and so on
4.He was deeply i____________ by the beautiful sights of the West Lake.
5.These experiments began a few months ago, and some p_____ has already been made.
6.They had to stand for hours without changing p______.
7.He had an unusual e_________yesterday.
8.what p________you from joining us last night?
9.After the d_______there were many people who wanted food and shelter.
10.Never waste food! You know ,children in some African countries die of h______every day.
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Playing on the football pitch ____________________.
A．some students are with their P.E. teacher
B．their P. E. teacher is with some students
C．some students with their P. E. teacher are
D．are some students with their P. E. teacher
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