Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will ¡°obey¡± spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word ¡°obey¡± is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can¡¯t be said to show the baby¡¯s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation£¨Ä£·Â£©leads on to deliberate£¨ÓÐÒâµÄ£©imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of ¡°mama¡± as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
1£®. Before children start speaking£¬what is greatly different?________.
A. the amount of listening     
B. a number of listening
C. the sound of listening
D. the meaning of listening
2. starters are often long listeners, the sentence means one can ________.
A. be hard to speak fluently
B. begin to speak quickly
C. start with listening
D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly
3. these can not be said to show a baby¡¯s intention to speak, these refer to  ________.
A. pain¡¡¡¡ 
B. happiness
C. kindness
D. above of all
4. according to the writer, we can draw a conclusion that  ________.
A. children are fond of imitating
B. these imitation can be considered as speech
C. children get more experience of the world
D. children¡¯s use  of  words are often meaningless when a child is six months, he
5. When a child is six months, he can  ________.
A. call his mama
B. imitate many languages
C. store new words
D. play with sounds
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In 2003, the government banned Internet cafes from receiving customers under18. However, Shanghai plans to bring online games as well as cartoons and comics to its schools. ¡°The influence of online games on young people cannot be ignored, ¡±said Weng Tiehui, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (SMEC). ¡°We should choose the right game for them as online games are becoming part of their life.¡±
School teachers shared the same idea. "My students are like studying machines who are busy with homework all day," said Chen Hong, who is a teacher of Chinese in Shanghai Weiyu Middle School . "We should find ways to let them relax and online games may be a good way to do this."
"In role-playing games, you imagine yourself as a hero who fights against outlaws and saves their victims," said Shen Xia, a teacher from Shanghai Hongxing Middle School. "That is a good feeling for a kid. They gain success and confidence from the game. But the important thing is to make sure they don¡®t become escapists, mixing up reality and the imaginary world. "
"Multi-media has proven to be an effective teaching tool. Students enjoy learning something while they are playing games,' said Yan, an expert on education from the Shanghai Educational Press Group , "Online games will be a new teaching method in which they can learn at the same time as entertaining themselves. "
"I have dreamed that one day students will have courses via online games, "Yan added.
"The idea is practical, "Li Lijun, director of the Public Relations Department of Shanda, China¡¯s online game giant; told the Shanghai Star. ¡°If it proves to be successful, it will start a revolution in educational theory and practice. "  
СÌâ1:The above writing is most likely to appear in _________.
A£®an official paperB£®a government noticeC£®a newspaperD£®a meeting memo (±¸Íü¼)
СÌâ2:According to Weng Tiehui, deputy director of the SMEC, __________.
A£®it is not practical to forbid young people playing online games completely
B£®online games have strong influence on young people so they should be banned
C£®young people can't go without online games which are becoming part of their life
D£®internet cafes should be allowed to receive customers under 18
СÌâ3: According to the teachers and experts, online games have the following advantages EXCEPT that _____.
A£®online games will let their students relax after busy work
B£®online games will make their students become a hero
C£®online games wilt bring good experiences to their students
D£®online games will become an effective teaching tool
СÌâ4:What is the purpose of the above writing?
A£®To inform its readers of some information.
B£®To argue about the advantages and disadvantages of online games.
C£®To give some comments on online games.
D£®To give a support to online games.
СÌâ5: What can be inferred from the above writing?
A£®Hopefully, young people in Shanghai will be playing online games at school.
B£®Online games will bring success to young people in Shanghai.
C£®Young people in Shanghai are having courses via online games.
D£®School teachers have opposite opinions about online games.

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Biomass energy (ÉúÎïÄÜ).often forgotten as a promising alternative (Ìæ´úÎï) to oil, received its day in the sun with the gathering of the Bio-Energy World Congress and Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia, late in April, 1990. Nearly 1, 700 scien­tists, businessmen, and policy-makers, one-quarter from the foreign nations, gathered for a week to discuss various means of squeezing usable energy out of trees, crops, manure, sea­weed, algae, and urban waste. Biomass in the United States contributes 2. 5 percent of the total supply, but this amount can be doubled by 2000 and then doubled again by the year 2010.
Eight percent of Sweden¡¯s energy supply, for example, is presently coming from wood bark and pulp remainings, Sweden intends to raise this percentage by more intensive harvesting of waste food lying around in forests, and through the planting of so-called energy forests of fast-growing trees such as willow and birch.
Brazil is frequently pointed to as a nation with a major successful investment (Ͷ×Ê)in energy coming from grains: it presently runs 330,000 automobiles on a water and alcohol (¾Æ¾«) mixture, replacing 10 percent of its previous oil sup­ply. Brazilian representatives (´ú±í) at the conference said they wish to double this in five years, with a final goal of total replacement. Most of the cars are built at the factory to use the mixture, while older models are changed through low-cost gov­ernment programs.
4. In Line 2, the phrase received its day in the sun most probably means ________.
A. came to the public mind                    B. had its turn in the sunlight
C. was regarded as a solar energy                  D. came from the energy of the sun
5. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?
A. 1, 700 scientists attended the conference.
B. A quarter of American businessmen were present at the conference.
C. Foreign policy-makers accounted for a quarter.
D. Three-quarters of the representatives were from the U. S.
6. Of the total supply in 2010, biomass in the U. S. will be________.
A. 5%              B.20%              C.10%              D.15%
7. Which of the following is not regarded as biomass energy?
A. Willow and seaweed.                     B. Wood and grains.
C. Water and alcohol mixture.              D. Crops and oil mixture.
8. A suitable title for this passage would be ________.
A. An Energy Conference                    B. Approval of Biomass Energy
C. Bio-Energy for Automobiles       D. Keys to Energy Crisis

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Word Power
Author(s): Kaplan  $13.95
You¡¯ll never be at a loss for words again. Energize your vocabulary with must-know everyday words that are the essentials of a good vocabulary, engaging lessons to help you use words in text, hot words often found on tests, tips to help you figure out new words, roots, and more.
Grades: 8 & up  Ages: 13 & up 
Word Smart Junior
Author(s): Russell Stauffer  $ 17.95
Now this is the way to add new words to your vocabulary! Word Smart Junior will make you laugh so much. You¡¯ll be amazed that you¡¯ve just learned more than 120 fascinating and very useful words! Parents, teachers, and friends will marvel at your eloquence (¿Ú²Å)!
Grades: 3-5  Ages: 8-10
Grammar Smart Junior
Author(s): Marcia Reynolds  $ 16.85
Do you quake when your teacher says, ¡°Now it¡¯s time for grammar¡±? Do your verbs agree with your subjects?
Fear no more! A big Hollywood producer and a famous movie star will help you learn all those nasty (ÌÖÑáµÄ) elements of grammar. You¡¯ll be amazed at how quickly you learn, and how much fun it can be. You¡¯ll finally know your grammar backwards and forwards, and you¡¯ll never have to worry about it again.
Grades: 7-9 Ages: 12-14
Grammar Smart: An Audio Guide to Perfect Usage
Author(s): Julian Fleisher    $ 12.68
The words you use say a lot about you ¡­ but the way you put them together says even more. Your grammar makes an immediate and lasting impression on your teachers, and even your friends. So don¡¯t make the mistake of thinking that grammar is too complicated. We¡¯ve created Grammar Smart to help you write and speak with clarity and confidence.
Grades: 6-8  Ages: 11-13 
СÌâ1:If a ten-year-old boy wants himself to be admired because of his speech ability, he may buy _______.
A£®Word Power
B£®Word Smart Junior
C£®Grammar Smart Junior
D£®Grammar Smart: An Audio Guide to Perfect Usage
СÌâ2: By saying ¡°You¡¯ll finally know your grammar backwards and forwards¡±, the writer means ¡°________¡±.
A£®You will be clearly familiar with grammar
B£®You will know the history of grammar
C£®You will know the make-up of grammar
D£®You will learn about the future of grammar
СÌâ3:The four books are all about _______.
A£®fiction and mysteries B£®parenting and teaching C£®literature and artsD£®language study

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The traditional tent cities at festivals such as Glastonbury may never be the same again. In a victory of green business that is certain to appeal to environmentally-aware music-lovers, a design student is to receive financial support to produce eco-friendly tents made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home.
Major festivals such as Glastonbury throw away some 10,000 abandoned tents at the end of events each year. For his final year project at the University of the West of England, James Dunlop came up with a material that can be recycled. And to cope with the British summer, the cardboard has been made waterproof.
Taking inspiration from a Japanese architect, who has used cardboard to make big buildings including churches, Mr. Dunlop used cardboard material for his tents, which he called Myhabs.
The design won an award at the annual New Designers Exhibition after Mr. Dunlop graduated from his product design degree and he decided to try to turn it into a business
To raise money for the idea, he toured the city¡¯s private companies which fund new business and found a supporter in the finance group Mint. He introduced his idea to four of Mint¡¯s directors and won their support. Mint has committed around £500,000 to MyHabs and taken a share of 30 per cent in Mr. Dunlop¡¯s business. The first Myhabs should be tested at festivals this summer, before being marketed fully next year.
Mr. Dunlop said that the design, which accommodates two people, could have other uses, such as for disaster relief and housing for the London Olympics.
For music events, the cardboard houses will be ordered online and put up at the sites by the Myhabs team before the festival-goers arrive and removed by the company afterwards. They can be personalized and the company will offer reductions on the expense if people agree to sell exterior (ÍⲿµÄ) advertising space. 
The biggest festivals attract tens of thousands of participants, with Glastonbury having some 150,000 each year. Altogether there are around 100 annual music festivals where people camp in the UK. The events are becoming increasingly environmentally conscious.
11. ¡°Eco-friendly tents¡± in paragraph 1 refer to tents _______.
A. economically desirable  B. favorable to the environment
C. for holding music performances1   D. designed for disaster relief
12. Mr. Dunlop established his business        .
A. independently with an interest-free loan from Mint
B. with the approval of the City¡¯s administration
C. in partnership with a finance group
D. with the help of a Japanese architect
13. It is implied in the passage that _______.
A. the weather in the UK is changeable in summer 
B. most performances at British festivals are given in the open air
C. the cardboard tents produced by Mr. Dunlop can be user-tailored
D. cardboard tents can be easily put up and removed by users.
14. The passage is mainly concerned with        .
A. an attempt at developing recyclable tents
B. some efforts at making full use of cardboards
C. an unusual success of a graduation project
D. the effects of using cardboard tents on music festivals
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Don¡¯t Use Tents Again
B. The Advantages of Tents
C. How to Produce Tents
D. The Development of Recyclable Tents

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How to eat healthfully can be espeically complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else). Registered dietitian(ÓªÑøר¼Ò)Barhara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.
¡°Go for nutrient?dense foods,¡±she suggests, ¡°foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice-the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just can¡¯t compare the value of these foods, the nutrient?dense ones are so superior, ¡±she emphasizes.
Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life¡ªit¡¯s the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are based on one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to keep up the strength, they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren¡¯t supplied in sufficient amounts or balance.
According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that can cure your illnesses, or make you superwoman is a fruitless search. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.
¡°We need carbohydrates, protein and fat¡ªthey are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are like the match, the spark, for the fuel,¡±she explains. ¡°We need them all, but in a very different proportions. And if the fuel isn¡¯t there, the spark is useless.¡±
12.From the paragraph we know that working women .          
think cooking is especially complicated
do not share the same views with registered dietitians
are busy and not interested in cooking           
D.  are likely to eat healthfully
13.Orange juice is different from orange drink in that            .
A.it contains only a small percentage of real juice
B.it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real oranges
C.it is largely orangecolored sugar water
D.it produces nothing but calories
14.In Paragraph 4, ¡°a fruitless search¡±means            .
A.an effort with no results                    
B.a search for a diet without fruits
C.a research on fruitless diet                 
D.a diet serving as medicine
15.Many women take it for granted, according to passage that            .
A.a balanced diet can result in being fat
B.staying thin and healthy are both possible
C.lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin
D.vitamins are some kind of subsitutions for food
16.By ¡°if the fuel isn¡¯t there, the spark is useless¡±,the author means            .
A.carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human life
B.vitamins and minerals are virtually of no valuew.
C.carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals
D.without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use

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How the iron of tomorrow (the first Self Clean Iron)can change your lifestyle today?
General Electric introduces the iron of tomorrow. The iron can clean itself. Inside where irons get dirty. Because it cleans itself each and every time you empty it.How? With a push of a magic blue button.
The magic blue button.The first thing you¡¯ll notice that¡¯s different about this iron is the blue button on the side. It¡¯s marked ¡°Self Clean¡±. Push this blue button, and you can wash out loose mineral deposits  that remain and block up inside. Push this button, and you¡¯ve made life a lot easier.
Less chance of brown spotsSure, Self Cleaning Iron is going to cut down on brown spots. (Those ugly spots that happen on nice, cleanly pressed clothes.) Because a Self Cleaning Iron becomes clean each time you press that magic blue button.Steams much longerCommon sense tells you that if you¡¯ve an iron that blocks less often it has to stay younger for a long period of time. In other words, it steams much longer. That¡¯s another joy of owning General Electric¡¯s Self Cleaning Iron.What does it mean to youToday you are doing so much more than just running a house and running after the kids. You¡¯re working. You¡¯re going to school. It¡¯s all part of your lifestyle. The iron can change that lifestyle. By giving you less trouble before you iron. If we can make it easier for you to be a better wife, a better mother, a better housemaker, we want to. The new Self Cleaning Iron is another one of Home-Makers from General Electric.
Lifestlye.We¡¯re with yours. GENERAL ELECTRIC
9.This passage is ______.
A.an introduction to General Electric     B.an operating instruction of Self Cleaning Iron
C.an advertisement of Self Cleaning Iron  D.a description of the change of lifestyle
10.This iron can clean itself by ______.
A.empting itself                       B.washing out mineral deposits 
C.blocking up mineral deposits          D.giving off more steam
11.According to the passage, what is most likely to attract the customers?
A.It is made by General Electric.            
B.The iron will not produce mineral deposits.
C.There will be fewer brown spots on pressed clothes.
D.Their clothes will be cleaned at the same time.
12.Self Cleaning Iron can help change your lifestyle because ______.
A.you can run your house better         B.you don¡¯t have to run after the kids
C.you can use it while you are working    D.we want you to be a better housemaker

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It¡¯s not easy being a teenager£¨13ÖÁ19ËêÇàÉÙÄ꣩¡ªnor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you you¡¯ll still be there for him when he needs you.
Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and safety problems, such as drug use or careless driving; consider everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something, don¡¯t insist he tell you what¡¯s on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that he¡¯ll clam up. Instead , let him attempt to solve£¨½â¾ö£©things by himself. At the same time, remind him that you¡¯re always there for him should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenager¡¯s privacy £¨Òþ˽£©. Never read him his mail or listen in on personal conversions.
Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family¡¯s telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation£¨½ÚÖÆ£©. Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part ¨Ctime job
68. The main purpose of the text is to tell parents _____________.
A. how to get along with a teenager
B. how to respect a teenager
C. how to understand a teenager
D. how to help a teenager grow up
69. What does the phrase ¡°clam up¡± in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. become excited            B. show respect
C. refuse to talk                    D. seek help
70. What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?
A. Nor allow him to learn driving or take drugs
B. Give him advice only when necessary
C. Let him have his own telephone
D. Not talk about personal things with him

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More than half a century ago, there were 4, 000 drive­in movie theaters in the United States, and watching a movie from your car was a popular way to spend an evening. But with the number of drive­ins reduced to just a few hundred, outdoor movie has been popping up across the nation. Going to an open­air theater has become a modern summer pastime for an increasing number of movie fans.
In recent years, outdoor movie screenings have come up in parks, vacant lots and shopping malls around the nation. On average, about 1,000 people attend each movie night. It attracts a lot of young professionals, young workers and residents nearby. For some, the outdoor movies bring back the memories of the drive­in theaters of their youths. But for the majorities, they think it is comparable to the atmosphere of drive­ins, as they can bring friends, food, good wine, and watch the movie together.
The returning of Americans' love affair with outdoor movies makes Stephen Bastas ever busier. His seven­member crew sets up screens in various locations mostly in the Washington area every day throughout the summer. They are doing pretty well and they hope to continue the trend. And it looks like they are going to. That's because many fans say there is nothing like watching a movie on a breezy summer evening under the stars.
СÌâ1:In the first paragraph, the author tries to tell us ________.
A£®outdoor movies attracts more movie­lovers
B£®summer brings back more drive­in movie fans
C£®drive­in movie theaters have already disappeared
D£®watching a movie from your car is becoming more popular
СÌâ2:Most people choose to go to an outdoor movie mainly because they can ________.
A£®have snacks before the movie
B£®cheer up with young friends
C£®bring back good old days
D£®enjoy the casual atmosphere
СÌâ3:From the text, we can learn that Stephen Bastas is most probably ________.
A£®a movie maker
B£®an outdoor movie fan
C£®a movie director
D£®an open­air theater operator
СÌâ4:How does stephen Bastas feel about the future of outdoor  movies£¿________.
A£®OptimisticB£®Amazed
C£®WorriedD£®Disappointed

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