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    In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some hold an optimistic attitude. They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity（繁荣）and that anyone who wants to be outstanding has to keep the pace. Others think otherwise. They say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that the unfriendly relationship between people because of competition.
    I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth depended on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit（追求）of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
    However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others have an opposite opinion. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. They have no choice. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try”. What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition.
    小题1:What does this passage mainly talk about?
    A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.
    B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
    C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
    D．Failures are necessary experience in competition.
    小题2:Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
    A．It pushes society forward.
    B．It builds up a sense of duty.
    C．It improves personal abilities.
    D．It encourages individual efforts.
    小题3:The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means      .
    A．those who try their best to win
    B．those who value competition most highly
    C．those who are against competition most strongly
    D．those who rely on others most for success
    小题4:What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?
    A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
    B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
    C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
    D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
    小题5:Which point of view may the author agree to?
    A．Every effort should be paid back.
    B．Competition should be encouraged.
    C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
    D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

    小题1:B
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:A
    小题5:D

    试题分析：文章介绍了人们对竞争的态度和不同的观点看法，有人认为很好，有人反对。
    小题1:主旨题：阅读第一段内容可知不同的人对于竞争有不同的观点和看法，有人认为很好，有人反对。文章是关于人们对竞争的态度。故选B。
    小题2:细节题：根据第一段第二句“They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity,”可知他们认为竞争导致了社会的进步。故选A。
    小题3:推理题：根据第三段中“In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. ”有一些人强烈地指责竞争，在这些人中最多的就是那些遭受着竞争压力的年轻人。故the most vocal就是 指那些反对竞争的人。故选C。
    小题4:推理题：从最后一段中“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others.”可知A项的观点与之类似，指人的价值在于与别人的比较。故选A。
    小题5:推理题：根据最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition”可知在竞争中要去除恐惧，只有这样我们才能理解竞争的真正的含义。故选D。
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    Basically, people are afraid of giving talks in front of others. Some may have negative ____ in the past, such as being laughed at by others. Now the best way is to practice, practice, and practice.
    Most people don’t want to hear this, but the best way to ____ a fear of public speaking is really practice, practice, and practice. ____ any fear ahead allows us to control it, rather than let it control us. Our overreactions to our fears are really our brains trying to ____ us from seeing it as a threatening situation. ____ faint (眩晕) is a good way to keep us off a stage, saving us from the threat of ____. But, the more we experience the “threatening” situation without the harm, the more we’re able to ____ that fear.
    A good way to begin feeling comfortable while ____ publicly is to start small. Start ____ stories with friends and co-workers ____. This could be something you read about in the news, or something you did ____ the weekend. This point is to practice speaking in front of others, and feeling ____ at it.
    If you have no problem speaking ____ in front of the other friends, ____ shake at the thought of getting behind a podium (讲台) and speaking in front of ____, then practicing behind a podium is what you must do. ____ there exist speaking clubs for you such as Toastmaster’s International, in which people meet ____. You can join a club in your area and practice speaking in public every week, as well as ____ speeches on a better basis. You will also receive advice on your ____ as well as your strengths. You’ll probably be ____ to find out that you’re better than you thought you were.
    小题1:
    A．opinionB．judgmentsC．argumentsD．experiences
    小题2:
    A．promoteB．organizeC．conquerD．strengthen
    小题3:
    A．ReadingB．Facing C．Ignoring D．Raising
    小题4:
    A．protectB．separateC．banD．warn
    小题5:
    A．Controlling B．Reducing C．FeelingD．Limiting
    小题6:
    A．braveryB．gratitudeC．sicknessD．shame
    小题7:
    A．dig outB．cut offC．get overD．take off
    小题8:
    A．introducingB．speakingC．explainingD．producing
    小题9:
    A．sharingB．makingC．writingD．correcting
    小题10:
    A．secretlyB．happilyC．shylyD．bravely
    小题11:
    A．fromB．withC．over D．for
    小题12:
    A．proudB．successfulC．uniqueD．nervous
    小题13:
    A．sociallyB．personallyC．privatelyD．honorably
    小题14:
    A．andB．orC．forD．but
    小题15:
    A．parentsB．teachersC．strangersD．relatives
    小题16:
    A．UnfortunatelyB．LuckilyC．Doubtfully D．Mentally
    小题17:
    A．instantlyB．frequentlyC．occasionallyD．rarely
    小题18:
    A．listening toB．talking aboutC．recordingD．copying
    小题19:
    A．advantagesB．weaknessesC．featuresD．excuses
    小题20:
    A．interestedB．frightenedC．surprisedD．disturbed

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