阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and grandson of black slaves. His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There a school teacher asked his name.
“J.C.,” he replied. She thought he had said “Jesse”, so he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at age 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part-time so as to pay for his education. As a second year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten meet, Ovens accidentally fell down a flight of stairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Ovens victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year, and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic（体育运动的）but also political. Hitler did not congratulate any of the African American winners.
“It was all right with me,” he said years later. “I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway.”
Having returned from Berlin, he received no telephone call from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored（给予荣誉）by the United States until 1976, four year before his death.
Ovens’ Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks, motorcycles and dogs.
“Sure, it bothered me,” he said later. “But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat.”
In time, however, his gold medals changed his life. “They have kept me alive over the years,” he once said. “Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.”
1.Ovens got his other name “Jesse” when ________.
A. he went to Ohio State University
B. his teacher made fun of him
C. his teacher took “J.C.” for “Jesse”
D. he won gold medals in the Big Ten meet
2.In the Big Ten meet, Ovens ________.
A. hurt himself in the back
B. succeeded in setting many records
C. tried every sports event but failed
D. had to give up some events
3.When Ovens said “They have kept me alive over the years” in the last paragraph, he means that the medals ________.
A. have been changed for money to help him live on
B. have made him famous in the US
C. have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in life
D. have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Jesse Ovens ― a great American sportsman
B. Golden moment ― a lifetime memory
C. Making a living as a sportsman
D. Why was Jesse Ovens successful?
科目：高中英语 来源：2017届江苏苏州高三上期中调研英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The plants grown by Wageningen University researchers in Mars-like soil back in March have been analyzed and the results are excellent: at least four of the crops do not contain harmful heavy metal levels and are perfectly safe to eat, the University researchers report.
If you’ve seen The Martian, you can remember how much Matt Damon got done living off of his poo-powered crop of potatoes. It just goes to show how important it is for a long-term colony to be able to grow their own food locally. We’ve taken one step closer to that goal in March, when Netherlands’ Wageningen University reported that they’ve managed to grow ten different crops in Mars-like soil.
However, growing food doesn’t do us much good if eating it kills us, and researchers were worried that these crops contained dangerous heavy metals like lead or cadmium(镉) from the martian soil. But future colonists are delighted, as lab analysis of the crops determined that at least four of them are safe to eat.
Led by ecologist Wieger Wamelink, the team tested radishes, tomatoes, rye, and peas. They looked at cadmium, lead, aluminium(铝), nickel(镍), copper, chrome(铬), iron, arsenic(砷), manganese(锰), and zinc(锌) contents in the plants, and didn’t find any in dangerous levels. In fact, some of these vegetables have lower levels of heavy metals than those grown in regular potting soil. The plants were also tested for vitamins, alkaloids(生物碱), and flavonoids(类黄酮), with good results. While there are six more crops to test, Wamelink himself said that the results up to now are “very promising.”
“Growing food locally is especially important to our mission of permanent settlement, as we have to ensure sustainable food production on Mars. The results of Dr. Wamelink and his team at Wageningen University & Research are significant progress towards that goal,” said Mars One co-founder and CEO Bas Lansdorp in a press release.
A crowdfunding campaign is underway (and will be until the end of August) to fund the test of the remaining crops, potatoes included. If all the crops test out safe, with concentrations of heavy metal the FDA and the Dutch Food Agency consider as safe, Wamelink’s team will host a “Martian dinner” at the Wageningen greenhouse.
But I’ve seen the movie. Stay clear of the potatoes.
1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Four crops grown in martian soil have been tested safe to eat, with no heavy metals in.
B. The ability to grow food locally can ensure the permanent stay on Mars.
C. The team temporarily lack money to test the remaining six crops.
D. A “Martian dinner” will be hosted after all the remaining crops have been tested.
2.What is Bas Lansdorp’s attitude towards the research results?
A. Neutral.B. Indifferent.C. Unfavorable.D. Praiseful.
3.The author writes the passage in order to _________.
A. prove that it is practical to grow crops on Mars in the future
B. show crops grown in martian soil are safe for people to eat
C. point out the importance of growing food locally for long-term settlement
D. report the recent research findings of the possibility of growing food on Mars
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届辽宁师范大学附中高三上期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
We live in a culture that sends out very mixed messages about mistakes: We're told we learn by making them, but we work hard to avoid them. So the result is that most of us know that we are going to make mistakes, but deep down, we feel we shouldn't.
Experiments with schoolchildren who did well on a given test show that those who were praised for being smart and then offered a more challenging or less challenging task afterward usually chose the easier one. On the other hand, children praised for trying hard— rather than being smart—far more often selected the more difficult task.
If we try hard to avoid mistakes, we aren't open to getting the information we need in order to do better. In a writing study, experiments showed that those who are so scared to make mistakes perform worse in writing tasks than those who aren't as worried about being perfect. They fear receiving any kind of negative feedback, so they don't learn where they went wrong and how to get better.
We don't just learn more when we're open to mistakes, we learn deeper. Research tells us that if we're only concerned about getting the right answer, we don't always learn the underlying concepts that help us truly understand whatever we're trying to figure out. Mistakes need to be seen not as a failure to learn, but as a guide to what still needs to be learned. As Thomas Edison said, “I am not discouraged, because every abandoned wrong attempt is another step forward."
Furthermore, we often make mistakes because we try new things—we wander away from accepted paths. Teflon, penicillin—these are examples of great discoveries made by mistake. Take a page from Albert Einstein, who said, "Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new. "
1. What will happen to students praised for being smart in face of choosing tasks compared to students praised for working hard?
A. He will ask his teachers for advice.
B. He will hide his mistakes from his teachers.
C. He will work harder to avoid mistakes.
D. He will choose a less challenging task.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT acceptable according to the passage?
A. The more mistakes we make, the more we learn.
B. Mistakes can be used as a positive factor for success.
C. Being open to mistakes help you understand the truth.
D. A step forward may come from mistakes you've made.
3. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?
A. One must follow a correct path to avoid mistakes.
B. To become an Einstein, you should make mistakes.
C. Making mistakes is not a disadvantage in a way.
D. You can't make mistakes unless you try new things.
4. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. We can never avoid making mistakes when we work.
B. Success can't be achieved without making mistakes.
C. Try every means to avoid mistakes in our daily life.
D. Mistakes should be treated with a correct attitude.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年河北廊坊一中高一上第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A middle-aged man with a long beard was caught by the police for bad behavior and property damage. The man, Bill Wild, checked into a hotel last night, telling the clerk he would pay cash in advance and would be staying for four nights. He then asked her where the nearest store was and she told him it was John-Johns.
Wild went to the store and bought three gallons of honey and four gallons of chocolate syrup (糖浆). The cashier asked him why he wanted these things and he replied, "I’m trying to become a sweeter person." The cashier smiled at the joke. Wild drove back to the hotel. He opened all bottles and poured them into the bathtub (浴缸). He added warm water to the mix. He tuned the radio to an opera music station, took off his clothes, jumped into the tub, and started singing loudly with the music.
Fifteen minutes later, the neighbor phoned the clerk complaining about the noise. The clerk knocked on Wild’s door, but he just kept singing. She phoned his room, but he didn’t answer. Then she called the police, who arrived quickly. They broke into the room. The floor was covered in water and the bathtub was full of chocolate and honey. "He seemed so nice and friendly. Who’d have thought he was a bathtub-singing nut?" said the clerk. The police said this was the third time that Wild had been arrested for this kind of behavior.
1.The man bought lots of honey and chocolate syrup to _______.
A. have a bath to make himself sweet
B. do some interesting tests
C. give people a surprise
D. make a sweet cake
2.What caused the clerk to call the police?
A. Wild bought honey and chocolate syrup.
B. Wild mixed the water with the things he bought.
C. Wild made too much noise and disturbed his neighbor.
D. Wild didn’t pay for the check.
3.We know from the passage that _________.
A. Wild didn’t pay for the honey and the chocolate syrup
B. the clerk didn’t know Wild had behaved like this before
C. Wild had been caught at least four times before
D. Wild walked to John-Johns to buy the honey
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年河北石家庄一中高一上期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment (约会) at 9:30.
The nurse had him take a ________ in the waiting area, ________ him it would be at least 40 minutes ________ someone would be able to see him. I saw him ________ his watch and decided, because I was ________ busy — my patient(病人) didn’t appear at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him ________ he had another doctor’s appointment.
The gentleman said no and told me that he ________ to go to the nursing home (疗养院) to eat breakfast with his ________. He told me that she had been ________ for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be ________ if he was a bit late. He replied that she ________ knew who he was, and that she had not been able to ________ him for five years now. I was ________, and asked him, “And you ________ go every morning, even though she doesn’t know who you are?”
He smiled and said. “She does not know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back my ________ as he left.
Now I ________ that in marriages, true love is ________ of all that is. The happiest people do not ________ have the best of everything; they just ________ everything they have. ________ isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.
1.A. breathB. testC. seatD. bath
2.A. persuadingB. promisingC. understandingD. telling
3.A. ifB. beforeC. sinceD. after
4.A. taking offB. fixingC. looking atD. winding
5.A. veryB. alsoC. seldomD. not
6.A. ifB. whichC. whenD. that
7.A. neededB. forgotC. agreedD. happened
8.A. daughterB. wifeC. motherD. sister
9.A. lateB. wellC. aroundD. there
10.A. lonelyB. worriedC. doubtfulD. hungry
11.A. so farB. neitherC. no longerD. already
12.A. recognizeB. answerC. believeD. expect
13.A. movedB. disappointedC. surprisedD. satisfied
14.A. onlyB. thenC. thusD. still
15.A. smileB. tearsC. wordsD. judgment
16.A. realizeB. suggestC. hopeD. prove
17.A. agreementB. expressionC. acceptanceD. education
18.A. necessarilyB. completelyC. naturallyD. frequently
19.A. learnB. valueC. hateD. try
20.A. PowerB. BeautyC. TrustD. Life
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年河南顶级名校高三10月第一次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The relationship between exercise and cancer has long both intrigued and puzzled oncologists and exercise physiologists.
Exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancer. At the same time, exercise involves biological stress, which typically leads to a short-term increase in inflammation(发炎) which can contribute to higher risks for many cancers.
Now, a new study in mice may offer some clues into the exercise-cancer paradox. It suggests that exercise may change how the immune system deals with cancer by boosting adrenaline（肾上腺素）, certain immune cells and other chemicals that, together, can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogether.
To try to better understand how exercise can both elevate inflammation and simultaneously protect the body against cancer, scientists at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and other institutions decided to closely examine what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease.
So, for the new study, they began by gathering a group of adult lab mice. These animals generally like to run.
The scientists then implanted melanoma (黑素瘤) skin cancer cells into the mice before providing half of them with running wheels in their cages while the other animals remained sedentary. After four weeks, far fewer of the runners had developed full-blown melanoma than the sedentary mice and those that had been diagnosed with the disease showed fewer and smaller lesions.
They drew blood from both the exercising and sedentary animals and cells from any tumors in both groups. As expected, they found much higher levels of the hormone adrenaline in the blood of the exercising animals, especially right after they had been working out on the wheels but also at other times of the day. The body releases adrenaline in response to almost any type of stressful experience, including exercise.
They also found higher levels of interleukin-6 in the blood of the runners. This is a substance that is released by working muscles and is believed to both increase and decrease inflammation in the body, depending on where and how it goes to work.
Perhaps most important, they found much higher numbers in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice of a type of immune cell named natural killer cells that are known to be strong cancer fighters.
So the scientists repeated their original experiment multiple times, inducing cancer while allowing some mice to run and others to sit. In some of these follow-up experiments, the scientists injected the runners with a substance that blocked the production of adrenaline and gave sedentary animals large doses of added adrenaline.
What they now found was that when running mice could not produce adrenaline, they developed cancer at the same rate as the sedentary animals, while the sedentary animals that had been injected with extra adrenaline fought off their tumors better than other sitting mice.
More remarkably, the scientists determined that adrenaline seemed to be sending biochemical signals to some of the animals’ IL-6 cells, making them physiologically more alert, so that when a tumor began to develop in the affected animal, those IL-6 cells in turn activated the natural killer cells in the bloodstream and actually directed them to the tumors, like minute guide fish.
With these results, “we show that voluntary wheel running in mice can reduce the growth of tumors, and we have identified an exercise-dependent mobilization of natural killer cells as the underlying cause of this protection,” said Pernille Hojman, a researcher at the University of Copenhagen who oversaw the new study. It perhaps provides one more incentive for us to get up and move.
1.In the first experiment, which one is the most important result the scientists found?
A. Natural killer cells are much more in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice.
B. Levels of interleukin-6 are higher in the blood of the runners than in the sedentary mice.
C. Exercise such as running seemed to help the mice fight against the cancer.
D. Adrenaline can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off.
2.In the follow-up experiments, the scientists found ________.
A. the hormone adrenaline has much higher levels in the blood of the exercising animals
B. how these elements in the runners — their increased adrenaline, IL-6, and natural killer immune cells fight against tumor
C. interleukin-6 can both increase and decrease inflammation in the body, depending on where and how it goes to work
D. what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease
3.According to the study, we can infer the fundamental substance to fight the cancer off is ________.
A. adrenalineB. interleukin-6
C. natural killer cellsD. genes
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年河南顶级名校高三10月第一次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.
— Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow.
A. was expectedB. will expect
C. expectedD. will be expected
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年新疆哈密地区二中高二上期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
There is a well-known story about a farmer found an eagle(鹰) egg. The story reminds us of the importance of developing our full potential(潜力).
One day, a hardworking found an eagle’s egg lying on the ground of his farm. He was in a hurry he paid no attention to it and placed it together with all the chicken eggs. After several days, the egg hatched(孵化）and the little eagle into the world.
The eagle thought he was same as the other chickens, the eagle pecked(啄食）and dug for worms. He ran about and sometimes jumped around, flying a few in the air like the chickens. Over the years, the eagle grew old and tired. One day he saw a splendid bird overhead, and asked, “ is that?” “That’s the king of the -- the bald eagle,” replied a chicken. “The sky is her home. We’re chickens -- our home is the farm.”
And so the eagle lived and died a chicken, for that’s what he believed he was.
Are you an eagle that like a chicken? , many people have great talents but bring them to use. Actually, we make our talents take off by developing our character strengths. Suppose there was a young man who in the world. He asked questions about his environment, explored new neighborhoods where he lived, and soon he mentally mapped out the city he lived in. He used his curiosity to make the of his talents for spatial(空间的）intelligence.
When we use our character strengths, we will that we are eagles.
1.A. whose B. he C. which D. who
2.A. woman B. farmer C. lady D. worker
3.A. and B. because C. as D. but
4.A. carefully B. nervously C. carelessly D. slowly
5.A. come B. came C. comes D. coming
6.A. an B. a C. the D. /
7.A. but B. or C. and D. so
8.A. feet B. inches C. foot D. kilometers
9.A. fly B. flying C. flew D. flown
10.A. Where B. How C. Which D. Who
11.A. mountains B. sea C. forest D. sky
12.A. in B. over C. on D. about
13.A. after B. like C. before D. among
14.A. acts B. looks C. sounds D. thinks
15.A. Unfortunately B. Unbelievably C. Fortunately D. Interestingly
16.A. sometimes B. never C. regularly D. always
17.A. can B. could C. must D. might
18.A. was excited B. was surprised C. was terrified D. was interested
19.A. use B. effort C. best D. least
20.A. worry B. fear C. respect D. recognize
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年新疆兵团农二师华山中学高一上期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错10分，文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第10处起）不记分。
My sister and me got the chance to have bike trip along the Lancang River calling the Mekong River in other countries. The Mekong River begin in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. Then it becomes rapids as it passes through deeply valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. After leaving China and the high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown but warm. Where it enters Southeast Asia, it makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plain. In last the river delta enters into the South China Sea.
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