Question

12．Eat like a king in the morning，a prince at noon，and a peasant at night．This saying is all about the importance of breakfast．And now scientists can tell us just why it's so important．According to a study carried out at Imperial College London，UK，skipping the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch，but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods．
The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the orbitofrontal cortex （眶额皮层），which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat．It is used for identifying the taste of food，especially when skipping breakfast．It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you're on an empty stomach．
Scientists did an experiment on this．Dr Tony Goldstone from Imperial College London，scanned （扫描） the brains of 21 men and women，around the age of 25．On the first day，these people skipped breakfast before the scans．On the second day，they had cereal （谷物），bread and jam as breakfast．After the scan on both days，they had their lunch．
When the volunteers had skipped breakfast，they ate around 20 percent more at lunch，compared with days when they had eaten breakfast．?Their brain scans also showed the orbitofrontal cortex was especially responsive to high-calorie foods．"We believe that bit identifies the value of foods-how pleasant，how delicious something is，"Goldstone told The Guardian．
36．From Paragraph 1，we learn thatA．
A．scientists found out why eating breakfast is important
B．it's easy to lose weight without breakfast
C．there's no need to have good food for supper
D．eating breakfast makes your brain smarter
37．Which of the following is NOT true about the orbitofrontal cortex？B
A．It is part of our brain．B．It tells people to eat breakfast．
C．It decides which food we like．D．It is active toward high-calorie food．
38．Which is the correct order for the experiment on the first day？C
①The volunteers skipped breakfast．
②The volunteers had lunch．
③The volunteers had a brain scan．
A．①②③B．③②①C．①③②D．③①②
39．In the experiment，the volunteers without breakfast ate about 20%Dat lunch．
A．of the usual breakfast                 B．more than the usual breakfast
C．of the usual lunch                       D．more than the usual lunch
40．Which of the following can be the title for this passage？A
A．Breakfast still most important         B．Three meals a day
C．Experiments on breakfast                 D．Experiments on lunch．

Answer 1

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了早餐的重要性，并且科学家通过实验来证实了这句话是正确的．

解答 36．A．主旨大意题．难度中等．第一段提出观点"早餐的重要性"，然后介绍科学家通过实验证明了这一观点的正确性．故选A．
37．B．细节理解题．难度中等．根据题意定位于文章第二段，第二段主要介绍了眶额皮层的作用，文中提到眶额皮层是大脑的一部分，它可以辨别食物的味道，如果我们不吃早餐的话，它会把高热量食物定位目标，因此可以判断B项是错误的． 
38．C．细节理解题，难度中等．本文的关键词是order定位文章第三段On the first day，these people skipped breakfast before the scans．After the scan on both days，they had their lunch．第一天人们扫描前不吃早餐，然后吃午餐．由此可判断C项正确． 
39．D．细节理解题，难度中等．本题的关键词without breakfast定位文章最后一段第一句话When the volunteers had skipped breakfast，they ate around 20 percent more at lunch，compared with days when they had eaten breakfast．不吃早餐的人，他们午餐会比正常吃早餐的人多吃20%．，由此可判断D项正确． 
40．A．主旨大意题．本题的关键词title，本文主要介绍了早餐的重要性，并且科学家通过实验来证实了这句话是正确的，故选A．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．