Question

【题目】【改编】Australian scientists say an organic compound used by Indian women to paint dots or bindi on their foreheads could hold the key to a breakthrough in cancer treatment. Rose Bengal (玫瑰红)was first used in the early 1900s as a dye for food, textiles and cosmetics. But now it is proving to be a useful weapon in the fight against skin cancer.

Television advertisements constantly warn of the dangers of overexposure to the fierce sun. Among them is the possibility of the disease melanoma(黑瘤), a type of skin cancer. More than 1,200 Australians die every year from the disease.

Initial trials of a solution of Rose Bengal injected into some melanoma cells have had a 75 percent success rate in controlling the disease. Professor John Thompson, the director of the Melanoma Unit at the University of Sydney, says this organic dye could become a powerful cancer-fighting treatment.

“We believe it works by getting into the tumor(肿块) cells and causing them to self-destruct. But the exact mechanism by which it works is not totally clear. It’s not useful for people who have a primary melanoma. The treatment of primary melanoma is surgical excision(切除),”he said. “It’s useful to inject tumors for people who have recurrences; when the primary treatment has failed and when recurrence in the area, or at more distant sites has occurred.”

About 90 percent of Australians who develop melanoma survive thanks to early diagnosis and treatment. If left untreated, however, the disease can be fatal.

Convincing younger people in Australia about the dangers of overexposure to the sun is a battle campaigners are constantly waging.

Veronica Manock, a 21-year-old student, had two major operations to remove a cancerous tumor from her leg.

“I’ve had a lot of friends who just said ‘I thought it was just, you know, I’ll get a mole(痣) cut out and that’s it’, whereas I don’t think people realize how much danger they’re putting themselves into and how easy it is to stop something like this happening to you just from doing little things,”said Marock.

Other researchers in Australia are investigating genetic treatments to skin cancer. There is a pressing need for such research to produce effective treatments. Australians, the majority of whom are fair-skinned(浅肤色的), are four times more likely to develop a melanoma than people in Canada, the United States or Great Britain.

【1】Which can be the best title of the passage?

A. Rose Bengal —the cause of skin cancer.

B. Rose Bengal —a tool to fight against skin cancer.

C. Skin cancer—the first killer.

D. Melanoma—the threat to health.

【2】What does the underlined word “fatal” mean?

A. Curable. B. Serious. C. Deadly. D. Self-healing.

【3】From what Veronica Manock said , we can know _______.

A. people haven’t realized overexposure to the sun is dangerous

B. mole on the leg is dangerous.

C. people can do nothing to protect themselves from melanoma

D. nothing can be done to deal with the disease.

【4】Who are likely to develop a melanoma?

A. Englishmen. B. Canadians.

C. Americans. D. Australians.

【5】In which section of a newspaper does the passage possibly appear?

A. Economy. B. Agriculture. C. Health. D. Fashion.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

试题分析:文章是一篇说明文，讲述了世界上皮肤癌的发病率以及治疗良药。在澳大利亚每年会有1200多人死于皮肤癌，但是经研究发现印度妇女用于在眉心点朱砂痣用的孟加拉玫瑰红被证明是对抗皮肤癌的有力武器。

【1】B主旨大意题。文章开头段提出研究发现Rose Bengal可能是对抗皮肤癌的武器，然后在下文对此项研究进一步分析，由此判断文章中心内容是介绍这一新发现，故选B。

【2】C词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知很多人死于melanoma这种皮肤癌，故判断这是一种致命的疾病，经过早期诊断和治疗患者是可以幸存下来的，如果不接受治疗，则会死亡，由此判断该词意思是“致命的”，选C。

【3】A推理判断题。根据倒数第四段和倒数第二段Veronica Manock所说的话可知许多人还没有认识到过度暴露在阳光下会导致皮肤癌的发生，故选A。

【4】D细节理解题。根据文章末段可知澳大利亚人皮肤色浅，他们患皮肤癌的几率较大，故选D。

【5】C推理判断题。本文介绍了世界上皮肤癌的发病率以及治疗方法，由此判断文章和健康有关，故选C。