1.Decisions,decisions!Our lives are full of them,from the small ones to the life-changing.The right to choose is central to everyone.Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret.Can science help?
Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions.Luckily,what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices.Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.
Consider your emotions.You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making,but in fact they're a part of it.Whenever you make up your mind,your brain's emotional center is active.University of Southern California scientist,Antonio Damasio,has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains,and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat.Damasio thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choices,which we use to help the present decision making.
However,making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result.Take anger,for example.A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than consider other choices.It seems anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.
All emotions affect our thinking and motivation(动机),so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence.Yet strangely there's one emotion that seems to help us make good choices.The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer,and ended up making the best choices.In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.
65.According to the text,what may help us make better decisions?B
A.To think about happy times.
B.To learn about the process of decision-making.
C.To make many decisions at a time.
D.To stop feeling regretful about the past
66.Damasio's study suggests thatD.
A.emotions are the enemy of decision making
B.people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds
C.our brain has nothing to do with decision making
D.our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions
67.Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?B
A.They often forget their past choices.
B.They make decisions without much thinking.
C.They tend to save time when shopping.
D.They are too angry to bargain.
68.What do we learn from the text?D
A.Sad people always make worst choices.
B.No emotion seems to help us make good choices.
C.Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation.
D.Emotions are a part of decision making.
分析 基本的决定.情绪对做决定的影响只是一部分,但是在某种情绪的影响下做出的决定会影响结果,因此我们要避免在他们的影响下做出决定.
解答 65-68BDBD
65题答案:B:细节理解题.根据Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions.Luckily,what psychologists(心理学家)are finding may help us all make better choices.可知心理学家认为心理思考的过程可能帮助我们做出更好的决定.故选B.
66题答案:D考查细节推理,根据第三段最后一句Damasio thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choices,which we use to help the present decision making.Damasio认为这有可能是因为我们的大脑储存了过去选择的情绪记忆--我们会用此来帮助我们做现在的决定.可知本题答案为D选项.
67题答案:B细节理解题.根据It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.似乎愤怒使我们不会思考很多就很快作出决定,故选B.
68题答案:D细节理解题.根据You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making,but in fact they are a part of it.你可能会认为情绪是做决定的敌人,但事实上它们只是其一部分.可知情绪对做决定的影响只是一部分.故选D.
点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.