Question

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Chinese language differs 【1】 western languages. It uses characters 【2】(stand) for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are often 【3】(form) by putting together different characters. We can see the history of the Chinese language by looking at 【4】these characters developed.

Chinese writing began thousands of years ago. The first Chinese characters 【5】(be) drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been 【6】(simple) and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as 【7】 whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard form.

Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Some characters were made by 【8】 (combine) two or more characters together e.g. ‘rest’ and ‘prisoner’. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. Many other Chinese characters were made by having one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.

In the 1950s the Chinese 【9】(govern) introduced Chinese characters, 【10】 are widely used in China’s mainland now.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】from

【2】to stand

【3】formed

【4】how

【5】were

【6】simplified

【7】a

【8】combining

【9】government

【10】which

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。汉语不同于西方语言。它用字符来代表思想、物体或行为。汉语单词通常是由不同的字符组合而成的。文章主要介绍了汉字的历史。

【1】考查介词。根据短语differ from表示“与……不同”。故填from。

【2】考查非谓语动词。根据短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to stand。

【3】考查动词语态。form在句中作谓语，根据上文Chinese words are often可知本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填formed。

【4】考查连接词。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how引导。故填how。

【5】考查主谓一致。本句主语为characters，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，谓语应用复数形式。故填were。

【6】考查动词时态语态。simplify在句中作谓语，且根据上文Some characters have been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填simplified。

【7】考查冠词。根据短语as a whole表示“总的来说”。故填a。

【8】考查非谓语动词。by为介词，后跟动名词做宾语。故填combining。

【9】考查名词。根据上文the Chinese可知应填名词government做主语。故填government。

【10】考查定语从句。句意：20世纪50年代，中国政府引入了汉字，现在在中国大陆广泛使用。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Chinese characters，且先行词在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。

名词性从句关键在于三点：

一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；

二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；

三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。

如第四小题，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how引导。故填how。