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  A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full   1   of the facts he observes.He doesn't accept ideas which are not   2   on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority(权威)as the only   3   for truth.He always   4   ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.

  The rise of   5   science may be considered to   6   as far back as the   7   of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher(哲学家)of Oxford, who lived   8   the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the middle   9   to suggest that we must learn science   10   observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself   11   many important discoveries.

  Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great man,   12   in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by   13   to show how many important   14   could be discovered by observation.Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more   15   towards the earth than small ones,   16   Aristotle said so.But Galileo, going to the   17   of the learning Tower of Pisa, let fall two   18   stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It was Galileo's   19   of going direct to Nature, and proving our   20   and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.

(1)

[  ]

A.

use

B.

time

C.

speed

D.

trust

(2)

[  ]

A.

worked

B.

based

C.

lived

D.

written

(3)

[  ]

A.

reason

B.

cause

C.

advice

D.

result

(4)

[  ]

A.

thinks

B.

checks

C.

has

D.

learn

(5)

[  ]

A.

natural

B.

physical

C.

ancient

D.

modern

(6)

[  ]

A.

date

B.

keep

C.

look

D.

take

(7)

[  ]

A.

study

B.

time

C.

year

D.

birth

(8)

[  ]

A.

both

B.

each

C.

between

D.

among

(9)

[  ]

A.

schools

B.

ages

C.

days

D.

countries

(10)

[  ]

A.

in

B.

with

C.

on

D.

by

(11)

[  ]

A.

did

B.

made

C.

took

D.

gave

(12)

[  ]

A.

who

B.

when

C.

that

D.

where

(13)

[  ]

A.

ways

B.

degrees

C.

levels

D.

chance

(14)

[  ]

A.

truths

B.

problems

C.

people

D.

subjects

(15)

[  ]

A.

slowly

B.

rapidly

C.

lightly

D.

heavily

(16)

[  ]

A.

although

B.

because

C.

when

D.

if

(17)

[  ]

A.

place

B.

foot

C.

top

D.

ceiling

(18)

[  ]

A.

big

B.

small

C.

equal

D.

unequal

(19)

[  ]

A.

spirits

B.

skill

C.

theory

D.

discovery

(20)

[  ]

A.

plans

B.

opinion

C.

world

D.

ability

答案:1.A;2.B;3.A;4.B;5.D;6.A;7.B;8.C;9.B;10.D;11.B;12.A;13.B;14.A;15.B;16.B;17.C;18.D;19.A;20.B;
解析:

(1)

make full use of…“充分利用……”。一个成功的科学家一般都充分利用他所观察到的事实。

(2)

be based on…“以……为根据”。一个成功的科学家一般不接受没有事实依据的观点。

(3)

正因为世人随便接受没有事实根据的观点,所以他不认为权威就是真理。

(4)

think是不及物动词,所以排除A答案。他总是仔细检查观点并做试验来验证。

(5)

从此段的后文可看出应是指现代科学,而不是指古代科学。

(6)

date back to“追溯到……时间”。

(7)

time此处指“时代,时期”。

(8)

此句应指生活在这1214年和1292年之间的而不是生活在这两年。

(9)

ages“时代”,the middle ages指中世纪。

(10)

通过观察,做实验来学科学。

(11)

make a discovery“作发现”。

(12)

此句是一个定语从句,修饰前面的greatmen。

(13)

by degrees=gradually逐渐地。

(14)

通过观察、实验来发现真理(truth),而不是问题。

(15)

伽利略之前的科学家认为大物体总比小物体下落快,而这后来被伽利略证明是错误的观点。

(16)

大物体总比小物体下落快,这是亚里斯多德的观点,亚里斯多德是伽利略之前的一位伟大的科学家,当时人们都把他当作权威。

(18)

为了做实验来验证亚里斯多德的观点,伽利略到比萨斜塔的顶部,放下两个体积不等的石块。

(20)

正是伽利略这种直接走向大自然的精神,通过实验来证明我们的观点和理论,才导致了现代科学的重大发现。


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[  ]
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[  ]
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3.A.above                         B.next

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C.all                           D.both

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C.Suppose                        D.Suggest

6.A.number                        B.quantity

C.space                          D.size

7.A.off                           B.across

C.up                           D.down

8.A.Have                           B.To have

C.Get                           D.To get

9.A.hold                            B.pick

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10.A.below                         B.in

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12.A.Unless                        B.If

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13.A.Howe’ver                     B.Altogether

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14.A.It has                         B.It is

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完形填空

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  One winter Wilson went to Finland on business. When he 3 his room in the hotel he found that the windows were closed to 4 the icy air out. He did his best to open 5 , but failed.

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1A.seldom   

  
  

B.often   

  
  

C.sometimes   

  
  

D.always   

  
  

2A.when   

  
  

B.until   

  
  

C.after   

  
  

D.before   

  
  

3A.left   

  
  

B.ordered   

  
  

C.reached   

  
  

D.tidied   

  
  

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B.keep   

  
  

C.stop   

  
  

D.send   

  
  

5A.one   

  
  

B.all   

  
  

C.it   

  
  

D.more   

  
  

6A.bad   

  
  

B.ordinary   

  
  

C.excellent   

  
  

D.cold   

  
  

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B.forget   

  
  

C.escape   

  
  

D.imagine   

  
  

8A.unfortunate   

  
  

B.anxious   

  
  

C.difficult   

  
  

D.terrible   

  
  

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B.nearly   

  
  

C.hardly   

  
  

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B.sorry   

  
  

C.worried   

  
  

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17A.to   

  
  

B.with   

  
  

C.from   

  
  

D.for   

  
  

18A.sat up   

  
  

B.stood up   

  
  

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D.picked up   

  
  

19A.No thief   

  
  

B.No fresh air   

  
  

C.No sunlight   

  
  

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