As many as 60,000 people worldwide die each year from too much sun, but simple safety steps could prevent many deaths, according to a World Health Organization report.
The report, released on Wednesday, was treated as the first overall look at the global health burden from UV radiation, which is linked to up to 90 percent of melanoma（恶性黑色素瘤） and other skin cancers. UV radiation can also cause sunburn, more rapid skin aging, eye diseases, and reactivation of the herpes（疱疹） virus that causes cold sores, and pterygium, a fleshy growth on the surface of the eye.
“We all need some sun, but too much sun can be dangerous—and even deadly,” said Dr Maria Neira, the director of WHO’s agency of public health and the environment, who released the report.
To prevent cancer and other diseases linked to UV radiation, the agency recommends that people:
— Limit time in the midday sun.
— Use shade wisely and seek shade when UV rays are most intense.
— Wear protective clothing, hats and sunglasses.
— Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor 15+.
— Avoid sunlamps and tanning parlours.
People under age 18 should not use them at all.
“The application of sunscreens should not be used to prolong sun exposure but rather to protect the skin when exposure is unavoidable,” the report warned.
The report also noted that the ground’s surface can make a difference:
— Fresh snow reflects as much as 80 percent of ultraviolet light.
— Sea foam reflects about 25 percent.
— Dry beach sand reflects about 15 percent.
Small amounts of exposure to the sun help the skin to produce vitamin D.
48. The report was highly spoken of mainly because ____.
A. it had listed up to 60,000 deaths from UV radiation
B. it related the deaths to UV radiation
C. it showed the advantages and disadvantages of UV
D. it found out the approaches to preventing deaths from UV radiation
49. According to Dr Maria Neira, which of the following is TRUE?
A. In fact we need only a small amount of sunlight.
B. Receiving large amounts of sunlight will cause deaths.
C. Midday sunlight has stronger UV radiation.
D. Melanoma will disappear if we follow the report’s advice.
50. As a construction worker, it is strongly recommended that ____.
A. he should stay inside the building B. he spread sunscreen on the face
C. he should wear good sunglasses D. he be equipped with sun protection
51. Which of the following can be the headline of the passage?
A. UV—A Deadly Killer From The Sun B. Melanoma Can Be Prevented Today
C. UV—A Great Need For Vitamin D D. Teenagers Mustn’t Stay Outside
夺冠金卷全能练考系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：湖北省襄阳五中2012届高三上学期期中考试英语试题 题型：050
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010届高考二轮复习英语阅读理解二十篇精读 题型：阅读理解
Passage four(preface)
Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.
This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.
We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means
A.cultural groups that are formed by scientists.
B.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.
C.the scientific community.
D.people who make good contribution to science.
2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because
A.it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.
B.Science affects almost every aspect of our life.
C.Scientists live in a specific subculture.
D.It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.
3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who
A.are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.
B.are good at producing various gadgets.
C.work in a storehouse of dried facts.
D.want to have a superficial understanding of science.
4.According to this passage,
A.English is a sexist language.
B.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.
C.women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.
D.male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.
5.This passage most probably is
A.a book review.
B.the preface of a book.
C.the postscript of a book.
D.the concluding part of a book.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010年福建省高二下学期期末考试英语卷 题型：阅读理解
The world hash’t seen a pandemic（流行疾病）in 4 1 years，when the”Hong Kong”flu crossed the globe and killed about one million people worldwide．If H1N1 flu（甲型流感）reaches pandemic levels，what would happen next?
The outbreak of SARS in 2003 rang alarm bells as potential pandemics．Although it jumped the”animal-to·human”barrier，neither disease changed enough to enable human-to．Human infection．Strictly speaking，SARS did not become pandemics because it was too good at killing their hosts．For a pandemic，it needs to be able to maintain human-to．human contact without killing its host off．
”H1N1 flu is already a man-to-man disease，which makes it much more difficult to manage．
And H1N1 flu appears much more infectious than SARS．
But the WHO warns，it cannot say whether or not it will indeed cause a pandemic．According to experts，here’s what the world might see if there is another pandemic，based on past experience．
The disease would skip from city to city over an 18-to-24 month period，infecting more than a third of the population．World health Organization officials believe as many as 1．5 billion people around the globe would seek medical care and nearly 30 million would seek hospitalization．Based on the last pandemic and current world population，as many as 7 million people could die．Hospitals will become overcrowded；schools will close；businesses will close；airports will be empty．Business will become very bad，as people avoid as much social contact as possible．
Health facilities will become overrun with patients and there would be less-than-adequate staffing，as medical health professionals fall ill themselves and that would result in higher deaths．
The very young and very old will likely be the most susceptible（易受感染的）to the illness．Experts warn，much is still unknown about the current H1N1 flu virus and its severity and it is too early to say whether it will lead to a pandemic．Right now，the focus is on finding answers and controlling the spread．
1.How many kinds of disease is mentioned in the passage?
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．SARS didn’t change enough to enable sustained（持续的）human-to—human infection．
B．SARS was very good at killing its carriers．
C．A man with H1N1 flu can not infect another man easily．
D．Comparing SARS and H 1N 1 flu，SARS is not as infectious．
3.What can we know about the “Hong Kong” flu from the passage?
A．It spread all around the globe and killed lots of people．
B．It killed about millions of people．
C．It killed about one million people in Hong Kong．
D．Not the old but the young were susceptible to it and got killed．
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The H1N1 flu will skip from city to city over an 18一to一24 month period．
B．Doctors and nurses will fall ill themselves，which will result in many more deaths．
C．Every country is taking measures to stop the H1N1 flu from leading to a pandemic．
D．The WHO and experts have known much about the current H1N1 flu virus．
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Have you ever found yourself wondering what you’re going to do with your life? Should you pursue another career path or stick to it? This is often described as being at the crossroads. There’s nothing really wrong in being at the crossroads. However, it becomes harmful when you stay there for a very long time without doing anything productive.
What should you do then in order not to remain at the crossroads forever? Here are some tips.
List down the pros and cons. Don’t just think about them. Write them down and list as many things as you can in every column. The purpose is to ensure you can really reflect on them.
Get some advice. When you’re confused, it’s good to ask some people. You can refer your dilemma to your family or even a therapist. Also you can tell your problem to mature people who you think have gone through what you’re experiencing right now. Their wisdom and their success stories can provide you with a lot of inspiration and clearness on what path to choose.
Visualize (想象). Visualization is an excellent technique when you need to have a more vivid image on what you want to become. You can also do it on your own. There are two ways on how to do it.
First is the mirror technique. You stand in front of the mirror and look at yourself. Then start to imagine what you’d look like in five years from now. The other technique is through meditation and relaxation. You lie down flatly on a couch or any smooth surface. Make sure you’re comfortable. Then close your eyes and perform visualization.
Once you have a clearer picture on your choices, you can then feed your mind with subliminal (潜意识的) messages. You can repeat the following: “This is what I want myself to be.” Repeat the sentence as often as you can until you can feel yourself believing in the words.
Title: What to do when at the crossroads
●List down the pros and cons:
●List as many pros and cons as possible in every column and then give your 71_________on them
●Get some advice:
●Ask your family or even a therapist for advice on your 72__________.
●73__________with mature and experienced people who can 74__________you and tell you clearly what to choose.
●Visualize to have 75_________on your future:
●The mirror technique: Look into 76__________and imagine what you’d look like in five years.
●77_________: Lie down flatly and smoothly, performing visualization with your eyes 78_________.
●79_________to your mind:
●Repeat the sentence “This is what I want myself to be.” as often as possible until you 80_______.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
HANGZHOU－As a major province neighboring Shanghai, Zhejiang is set to benefit from the Expo in the city this year in more ways than one.
According to a survey from the Bureau of Shanghai World Expo Coordination, 80 percent of the respondents (回答者) going to the Expo have plans to travel and 75 percent of them will go to nearby places, such as Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces. Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing and Wuxi are the most popular sites, where tourism will be the best winner.
It is estimated (估计) that 70 million visitors will come to the Expo. During the peak time, as many as 700,000 people will visit Shanghai every day.
When all services such as hotels, meeting rooms, and transportation in Shanghai are full, it is possible for other activities to be held in nearby cities. And this is the golden opportunity for developing local tourism. The local hotel industry will benefit directly from the event.
Due to the Shanghai World Expo, Zhejiang will attract 20 million visitors within half a year. It will encourage local industries, such as catering, tourism, entertainment and shopping. More than 50 travel routines (线路) connecting Shanghai and other tourism spots, such as the West Lake in Hangzhou, gardens in Suzhou, and the waterscape in Shaoxing, will be introduced to the world. So far, local travel bureaus in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan, and Wenzhou have already sent special work teams to Shanghai to present their special tourism attractions to visitors.
The sharing and the connections of tourism resources as well as customer and service systems will also promote the areas in the Yangtze River Delta, which will in turn help to shape sustainable (可持续的), healthy tourism for the future.
What is the best title for the passage?
A. Hangzhou－the Heaven on earth
B. The Expo Shanghai 2010－a great success
C. Being at right place, right time for traveling
D. A good chance to develop tourism and others
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. There will be more than 50 travel routines in Shanghai.
B. 75% of the people in Zhejiang will go to visit the Expo.
C. The local tourism will benefit a lot due to the Expo.
D. Hangzhou will benefit the most from the Expo.
What can be inferred from the passage?
A. More cities in neighboring provinces will be better known to the world.
B. Work teams have been sent to Shanghai to present the attractions to visitors.
C. As many as 700,000 people will visit Shanghai every day.
D. The Shanghai World Expo will promote all industries.
Which section of a newspaper may the article be taken from?
A. opinion B. advertisement C. news D. sports
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