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    We can all contribute to a greener world．Just follow these ten golden rules:
    ●Stop getting junk mail．Billions of junk mail can be sent every year．Half of it is never opened．Get-your name off mailing lists．If 100,000 people stopped getting junk mail today, it would save 150,000 trees a year．
    ●Stop reading newspapers．All over the world, millions of newspapers are thrown away every day, 44 million newspapers in the USA alone —that's half a million trees a week．Either recycle your newspapers or read the hews online．
    ●Buy clothes made from organic materials．Conventional cotton farming seriously pollutes the environment, most of which uses chemical pesticides （农药） and fertilizers． Organic is better!
    ●Switch to solar energy．In one day, the sun will provide enough energy to power the planet．Why aren't we using it?
    ●If you have to drive, share the ride．Most cars in the USA have only one occupant．Also, 25 percent of car rides are less than 1．5 kilometres．Get out and walk!
    ●Unplug your PC, TV and VCR．Simply turning them off isn't enough．Sets left on standby are still using 25 percent of their power．
    ●Hold on to your balloons．Helium-filled balloons which fly away usually end up in a lake or river, where they can choke aquatic (水生的) creatures．Save your balloons and use them again．Or better still, don't use them at all．
    ●Feed the birds．Wild birds need food, especially in v/inter when other sources can be scarce．The greater the range of foodstuffs you put out for them, the more types of birds you will attract．
    ●Plant a garden at your school．Learn the connection between the land and the table．Plant vegetables to eat, flowers to admire and trees to improve the air．
    小题1:.
    What is the main purpose of the passage?
    A．To provide some health advice on how to work．
    B．To suggest some ways how to make full use of solar energy．
    C．To advise protecting environment and saving energy．
    D．To advise on how to recycle waste and save energy．
    小题2:.
    ．The underlined expression "left on standby" in the sixth rule means__   __．
    A．ready to start and use electricityB．ready to be turned off
    C．ready to be repairedD．ready to be．put away
    小题3:.
    ．Which of the following will NOT protect trees from being cut down to make paper?
    A．Not buying newspapers．B．Don't accept junk mail．
    C．Read your newspaper online．D．Read only one newspaper．

    小题1:.C
    小题1:.A
    小题1:.D
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement—your cell phone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet.
    In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its states. This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U.S., but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies. Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.
    Already in use in part of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave theie phones a few inchs above a payment terminal-a contact-free system build for speed and convenience.  plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market. Three big cell phone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next 15 months. Its goal is“to lead the U.S. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”
    The other big NFC sue, apart from how paymeats will be processed, is security, For instance, what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,”says Jimmy Shah. A mobile security rescarcher, “Usera may also be able to set transaction timeits,requiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases.
    Bussiness? Keep in mund you lost your smart phone, it can be located on a located on a map and remotely disabled. Plus, your phone can be password protected, Your wallet isn’t.
    小题1:What is predicted to happen in the U.S.?
    A．The expansion of cellphone companices.
    B．The boom of pay by phone business.
    C．The dissppearanceof credit cards.
    D．The increase of Starbucks sales.s
    小题2:The NFC technology can be used to________.
    A．ensure the safety of shoppers
    B．collect transaction fees easily
    C．make purchase faster and smpler
    D．improve the quality of cellphones
    小题3:Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to__________.
    A．strengthen their relationship
    B．get a share in the payments industry
    C．sell more cellphones
    D．test the NFC teehnoingy
    小题4:According to the what can users do if they lose their smart phones?
    A．Stop the luneting of niet phones.
    B．Stop a passwant.
    C．Cat all the money out of their phones.
    D．Can large purchases.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    A few years ago I was on a bicycle trip when I got off my bike for a rest. I sat down on the grass. A few seconds later, I was covered in ants. They were swarming all over me so I got up and brushed them off. It was a strange experience but I soon forgot about it.
    A couple of years later, I was living in Jordan. I had just moved into a modern flat and was unpacking plates when I saw something move out of the corner of my eye. I looked over at the kitchen drawer and there was a cockroach(蟑螂)crawling out of it. I screamed. Then I grabbed a can of insecticide and sprayed it on the cockroach. He ran under the nearby bathroom door. It took me three days before I found the courage to open the bathroom door to see if he was still alive. He wasn’t.
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    Did you know that some people feel such a fear of bugs that it becomes a phobia(恐惧症)? Psychologists have offered many explanations. Some say we associate them with dirt and disease. Or that these are life forms that are so alien to us, that we find them disgusting for their dissimilarity.
    Insects, however, don’t follow our rules - they just do what they want and invade our space. Unfortunately, although insects and bugs have been a successful animal species up to now, many of them, like many other species nowadays, are under threat of dying out. Entomologistswarn that this could upset entire ecosystems and lead to all kinds of disastrous consequences.
    So my advice to you is: the next time you feel the urge to stamp on, splatter or spray a creepy crawly, give a thought to the planet and stop.
    小题1:.. Why did the author mention the ants in the beginning?
    A．Because the experience with the ants presents a sharp contrast to that with the cockroach later.
    B．Because the author wants to show her preference to the ants and her dislike for the cockroaches.
    C．Because both ants and cockroaches are creepy crawlies that the author dislikes.
    D．Because meeting the ants is an unusual experience that the author can hardly forget.
    小题2:. The underlined word “insecticide” in Paragraph 2 probably means         .
    A．a kind of fruit juice B．a kitchen knife
    C．liquid for killing insectsD．cleanser (洗涤剂)for the bathroom
    小题3:. How does the author feel about bugs like cockroaches?
    A．The author doesn’t mind the contact with those harmless small creatures.
    B．The author prefers cockroaches to ants and feels guilty for killing one.
    C．They invade our space and become a threat to humans.
    D．They still deserve a place for keeping the balance of the nature.
    小题4:. Which of the following statements about bugs is NOT true according to the passage?
    A．Some people may be frightened so much by bugs that it leads to a psychological barrier to some degree.
    B．The earth will have a better and cleaner environment if more creepy crawlies are killed.
    C．Many bugs are in danger of dying out so we should not kill them due to fear or disgust.
    D．Some bugs are extremely unpleasant that some people have a strong wish to destroy them.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Most people think that the older you get, the harder it is to learn a new language. That is, they believe that children learn more easily and efficiently than adults. Thus, at some point in our lives, maybe around age 12 or 13, we lose the ability to learn languages well. Is this idea a fact or myth(悬念)？
    Is it true that children learn a foreign language more efficiently than adults? On the contrary, research studies suggest that the opposite may be true. One report, on 2,000 Danish children studying Swedish, concluded that the teenagers learned more, in less time, than the younger children. Another report, on Americans learning Russian, showed a direct improvement of ability over the age range tested; that is, the ability to learn increased as the age increased, from childhood to adulthood.
    There are several possible explanations for these findings. For one thing, adults know more about the world and therefore are able to understand meanings more easily than children. Moreover, adults can use logical(逻辑的) thinking to help themselves see patterns in the language. Finally, adults have more self-discipline (self-control) than children.
    All in all, it seems that the common idea that children are better language learners than adults may not be a fact, but a myth.
    小题1:The main idea of the passage is that         .
    A．teenagers are more difficult to teach
    B．Danish teenagers can learn Swedish faster than younger children
    C．adults are more logical than children
    D．the ability to learn languages increases with age
    小题2: If most people’s idea of learning languages is true, people may lose ability to learn languages well         .
    A．at an early ageB．when they reach their twenties
    C．at an old ageD．after they become young men
    小题3:According to the passage, teenagers can learn a foreign language __________ than younger children.
    A．harderB．more efficientlyC．more slowly D．more carefully
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    A．adults have more self-discipline
    B．adults like to play more than children
    C．adults have more knowledge than children
    D．adults accept new things more easily than children
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    A．adults know more about the world.B．adults can use logical thinking
    C．adults have more self-discipline.D．adults can read better.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    For a writer, there is hardly any greater honor than winning the Nobel Prize for literature.
    And for a woman writer, claiming the prize is even harder, for only eight women once won it. Austria’s Elfriede Jelinek is the ninth and the first since 1996.
    The Stockholm-based Swedish Academy announced last Thursday that Jelinek won this year’s Nobel Prize in literature. She is recognized for her socially critical(批判的) novels and plays.
    Jelinek, 57, made her literary debut (初次露面) in 1967. She has written plays, novels and poetry. She is best known for her autobiographical 1983 novel “The Piano Teacher”, made into a movie in 2001.
    The basic theme of her work is the inability of women to live as people beyond the roles and personalities traditionally expected of them. Her characters struggle to lead lives not normally acceptable in society. “The nature of Jelinek’s texts is often hard to define. They shift between prose(散文) and poetry and songs, they contain theatrical scenes and film script,” said the academy.
    The Nobel Prize was founded by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. Nobel died in 1896 and left his fortune of about US $920 million to a fund to honor people who have helped other human beings. This year each prize is worth US $13 million.
    小题1: The underlined word “them” in the last second paragraph refers to _______.
    A．rolesB．peopleC．textsD．women
    小题2:Elfrede Jelinek won the Nobel Prize just because _______.
    A．she was an Austrian woman writer
    B．she wrote socially critical novels and plays
    C．her novel “The Piano Teacher” was made into a movie
    D．the nature of her texts is hard to define.
    小题3: Which of the following about the Nobel Prize is TRUE?
    A．It is harder for a woman writer to win than a man writer.
    B．The total prize every year was $920 million.
    C．Women writers were not awarded until 1996.
    D．Only eight women writers won the prize since 1996.
    小题4:This passage is most likely taken from _______.
    A．a travel magazineB．a history bookC．a newspaperD．an advertisement

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Many Americans take their summer vacations in August. President Obama and his family are among them. This August the first family visited the Florida Gulf Coast. The president wants to promote tourism in the area after the BP oil spill (漏油). The first family took a ten-day vacation on Martha’s Vineyard, an island off the coast of Massachusetts.
    Martha’s Vineyard is known for the sailing, sunsets and its tall cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. The island is about 13 kilometers off the coast and is less than 260 square kilometers. Homes designed like those of earlier times line the streets of Edgartown, Oak Bluffs and Vineyard Haven. These are the major towns on Martha’s Vineyard.
    For most of the year, the population of Martha’s Vineyard is about 15 000. In summer, more than 100 000 people crowd the island. In addition to the Obamas, you might see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people. Many visitors return year after year.
    During warm weather the Vineyard is a good place for many different activities. People can play golf or catch fish. They can ride in sailboats or motor boats. They can waterski and swim. They can take quiet walks along sandy beaches and among the thick green trees.
    One of the popular places for families with children is the Flying Horses Carousel in Oak Bluffs. It is the oldest continually operated merry-go-round ride in the United States. The colorful wood horses that turn in a circle were created in 1876. One of the best places for children to swim is the Joseph A. Sylvia state beach. The water there is warmer and calmer. Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the island wildlife.
    Visitors watch the sunsets sitting on the beach and on rocks in the fishing village of Menemsha. As the sun goes down in the sky it paints yellow, red, and other colors on the clouds. Fishing boats rise and fall with the waves. Bells sound to help guide the boats to land as darkness covers the water.
    Historians say British mapmaker Bartholomew Gosnold first made a map of the island for the rulers of England in 1602. Gosnold named the island to honor his baby daughter, Martha. The Vineyard part of the name came from the many wild grape vines Gosnold found on the island. Later, King Charles of England gave the island to businessman Thomas Mayhew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, whose son established the first European settlement on the island in 1642. By the middle of the nineteenth century, ships from the American mainland began bringing visitors to the island. Big hotels were built near the edge of the water. Martha’s Vineyard was on its way to becoming the visitors center that it is today.
    小题1:.
    We can infer that ______.
    A．the BP oil spill has a negative effect on the tourism along the Florida Gulf Coast
    B．the BP oil spill has contributed to the tourism along the Florida Gulf Coast
    C．President Obama went to the Florida Gulf Coast to deal with the BP oil spill
    D．this was the first time that President Obama and his family had taken the vacation on Martha’s Vineyard
    小题2:.
    Which month is the peak time for tourism in Martha’s Vineyard?
    A．January. B．August. C．December. D．March,
    小题3:.
    If children want to see wild animals, the family should go to ______.
    A．the Flying Horses Carousel B．the Sylvia state beach
    C．the fishing village of Menemsha D．the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary
    小题4:.
    Bartholomew Gosnold named the island Martha in honor of _______.
    A．his motherB．the king of England
    C．his daughterD．his father

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    When it comes to protecting the privacy of their children, U.S. parents give social networks a failing grade. According to a recent survey, three out of four parents believe social networks are not doing a good job of protecting kids’ online privacy.
    The survey was conducted for Common Sense Media, a nonprofit organization devoted to helping families find the right way to deal withthe world of media and technology.
    Ninety-two percent of parents said they are concerned that children share too much information online, and 85 percent said they are more concerned about online privacy than they were five years ago. In other findings, Common Sense Media found that 68% of parents are not at all confident in search engines keeping their private information safe and secure and 71% of parents said the same about social networking sites.
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    “The survey results present a clear divide between the industry’s view of privacy and the opinion of parents and kids,” Common Sense Media CEO and founder James Steyer said.
    “American families are deeply worried about how their personal information is being used by technology and online companies, yet the companies appear to be keeping their heads deep in the sand,” Steyer said.
    IT companies need to step up but parents, children, schools and government also need to do more, he said.
    “Parents and kids have to educate themselves about how to protect their information,” he said. “Schools should teach all students and their parents about privacy protection.”
    “And finally, policymakers have to update privacy policies for the 21st century,” he said. According to the survey, more than 60 percent of parents want the US Congress to update online privacy laws for children and teenagers.
    小题1: What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?
    A．Refusing to admit the problem.B．Refusing to work with others.
    C．Trying to find a solution to the problemD．Trying to look deep into the problem.
    小题2: According to James Steyer, the following organizations should make more contributions to protecting    
    children’s online privacy except __________.
    A．IT companiesB．GovernmentC．SchoolsD．Nonprofit Organizations
    小题3:What can be inferred from the passage?
    A．Parents are worried about social networks because they lead to the children’s failing grades.
    B．Most US parents agree that the online geo-location services should be forbidden.
    C．Most USparents will support a law that limits IT companies to using personal information.
    D．US Congress has not yet passed any online privacy law for children and teenagers.
    小题4: Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
    A．US Congress to Update Privacy Policies for 21st Century
    B．Common Sense Media Warns Against Social Networks
    C．US Parents Want Better Online Privacy Protection for Kids
    D．Worry Grows for Problems Caused by Social Networks

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Recently, scientists have developed a wireless brainmachine interface that help restore communication to people who can no longer speak by reading brainwaves using electrodes(电极) stuck on their heads. Unfortunately, these have proved very slow, at roughly one word typed per minute, making normal conversations and social interactions virtually impossible.
    Scientist Frank Guenther and his colleagues reveal a brainmachine interface that uses electrodes implanted directly into the brain for research into real time speech.
    "It should soon be possible for extremely paralysed individuals who are incapable of speaking to produce speech through a laptop computer, " said Guenther.
    The scientists worked with a 26-year- old male volunteer who experience near-total paralysis due to a stroke he suffered when he was 16. They implanted an electrode that had two wires into a part of the brain that help plan and execute movements related to speech. The electrode recorded brain signals when the volunteer attempted to talk and the wires spread them across the scalp(头皮)to help drive a speech synthesizer (合成器). The delay between brain activity and sound output was just 50 milliseconds on average, roughly the same with regular speech.
    "He was quite excited, particularly on the first few days we used the system, as he got used to its properties, " Guenther recalled." I am sure the work proceeds slowly from his perspective, as it does from ours. Nonetheless, he was very excited about getting real-time audio feedback of his intended speech and happy to work very hard with us throughout the experiments."
    "The current system uses data from just two wires. Within a year it will be possible to implant a system with 16 times as many." Guenther said." This will allow us to tap into neurons(神经元)，which in the end means better control over a synthesizer and thus better speech."
    小题1:In the study of Guenther, electrodes are _______.
    A．fixed on the heads B．put into the heads
    C．tied to the headsD．separated from the heads
    小题2:   The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.
    A．movementsB．wiresC．brain signals D．Scientists
    小题3:   What might be the best title for the passage?
    A. Wireless Device Are Used to Read Words in the Brain.
    B. New Equipment Helps you read others’ mind.
    C. Virtual tongue can make you speak fluently.
    It is no secret what you are thinking in mind.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The hardworking blacksmith Jones used to work all day in his shop and so hard-working was he that at times he would make the sparks (火星) fly from his hammer.
    The son of Mr. Smith, a rich neighbor, used to come to see the blacksmith every day and for hours and hours he would enjoy himself watching how the tradesman worked.
    “Young man, why don’t you try your hand to learn to make shoe tacks (钉), even if it is only to pass the time?” said the blacksmith. “Who knows, one day, it may be of use to you.”
    The lazy boy began to see what he could do. But after a little practice he found that he was becoming very skilled and soon he was making some of the finest tacks.
    Old Mr. Smith died and the son on account of the war lost all his goods. He had to leave home and was forced to live in another country. It so happened that in this village there were many shoemakers who were spending a lot of money buying tacks for their shoes and even at times when they paid high prices they were not always able to get what they wanted, because in that part of the country there was a high demand for soldiers’ shoes.
    Our young Mr. Smith, who was finding it difficult to earn his daily bread, remembered that once upon a time he had learned the art of making tacks and had the sudden idea of making a bargain with the shoemakers. He told them that he would make the tacks if they would help to get him settled in the workshop. The shoemakers were only too glad of the offer. And after a while, Mr. Smith found that he was soon making the finest tacks in the village.
    “How funny it seems,” he used to say, “even making tacks can make money. My trade is more useful to me than all my former riches.”
    小题1: The young man learnt to make shoe tacks because ________.
    A．his father told him to B．he wanted to learn a skill
    C．Jones encouraged him toD．he just wanted to pass his time
    小题2: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
    A．Old Mr. Smith enjoyed making the shoe tacks.
    B．The blacksmith had predicted the young man would be in need of the skill.
    C．The higher prices they paid, the more tacks the shoemakers would get.
    D．The young man earned his living by his skills learnt when he was young.
    小题3: What can we learn from the story?
    A．Practice makes perfect.B．Skill makes life easy.
    C．A good beginning makes a good ending.D．Every man has his gift.

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