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【题目】

1People along the railway ________________ this new line.

沿铁路线的人们得益于这条新铁路。

2I won’t have you ________________ cheating in the exam.

我不会允许你作弊而不受惩罚。

3We should try our best to ________________ nature or we’ll be punished by nature.

我们应该努力保持生态平衡,否则我们会受到大自然的惩罚。

4He ________________ by a strange disease at an early age.

他年纪轻轻就被一种怪病夺去了生命。

5The two cheats ________________ all night long.

两个骗子让他们的灯整夜地亮着。

6She used to ________________ by selling drinks.

她过去靠卖饮料为生。

7Knowing they are________________,they cried out their hearts.

得知他们负债累累,他们哭得伤心欲绝。

8________________ we should try again?We may win this time.

难道你不认为我们应该再试一次吗?这次我们也许会胜出。

【答案】

1benefit from

2getting away with

3keep the balance of

4was cut down

5had their lights burning

6earn her living

7deep in debt

8Don’t you think

【解析】本大题完成句子。做这类题要从语法的角度考虑。翻译句子时首先要考虑到整个句子的结构和要用的固定词组,然后按照正确的语序完成句子。不仅考查学生的语言基本功,即对词汇的记忆能力和理解能力,还考查学生在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。

1benefit from

考查benefit的用法。某人受益于,为固定搭配,可译为“benefit from”。本句中缺少谓语动词。本句叙述的是一个客观事实,故用一般过去时,故用benefit from。

2getting away with

考查固定搭配。get away with为固定搭配,意为“get away with 逃避惩罚侥幸做成”。分析句子可知,本句中考查的have sb. doing,意为“让某人一直做某事”,因此本句填 getting away with。

3keep the balance of

考查固定搭配。保持…..的平衡,可译为“keep the balance of”。本句中做to的动词不定式,要用动词原形,故用keep the balance of。

4was cut down

考查谓语动词的时态与语态。分析句子可知缺少谓语动词,汉语为“被夺去….”所以要用被动,cut down有“杀死”之意,根据句意可知要用一般过去时,故填was cut down。

5had their lights burning

考查固定搭配。根据句意可知,“让….一直发生”,可译为“have sth./sb. doing ”因此本句讲述过去的事,要用一般过去时,“让灯一直亮着”可译为“had their lights burning”。

have+宾语+现在分词

该结构中的现在分词用作宾语补足语,其中的have为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有:

①表示使()某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或处于做某事的状态之中。如:

Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来,鼓起掌来。

②表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句,尤与 won’t, can’t连用)。如:

He won’t have boys arriving late. 他不允许孩子们迟到。

I won’t have you smoking at your age. 我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。

③说服或命令某人做某事。如:

He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我为她做各种事情。

6earn her living

考查固定词组。earn one’s living ,为固定搭配,意为“谋生。”used to do,为过去常常,因此,填earn her living。

7deep in debt

考查固定搭配。负债累累,英语为“ deep in debt”,因此填deep in debt。

8Don’t you think

考查反问句。根据第二句可知,本句用一般现在时,因此难道你不认为可译为“ Don’t you think”。

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