练习册

  • 练习册
  • 试题
    精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情

    While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants (婴儿), societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain (保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.
    One of these premodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal (母亲的) attachment was tightly wrapping (包裹) infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking (抚摸) and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers' and fathers' affection for their infants.
    A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding (母乳哺育) was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little milk for the city infant—who, in many cases, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent.
    68. Babies were unnamed until they were two so that _______.
    A. an old social custom could be kept up        B. maternal attachment could be maintained
    C. they could have better chances to survive   D. their parents would not be too sad if they died
    69. Why were babies wrapped?
    A. To protect them from the cold.          B. To distance their mothers from them.
    C. To make them feel more comfortable. D. To make it easy for their mothers to hold them.
    70. Wet nurses were women who________.
    A. babysat city infants                           B. fed babies of other families
    C. sent their babies to the country           D. failed to look after their babies
    71. Which is the best title for the passage?
    A. Societal Conditions in Premodern Times
    B. Practices of Reducing Maternal Attachment
    C. Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate
    D. Differences between Modem and Premodern Parents

    68---71    DBBB  

    68．解析：这是一道判断题。从第一段“Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused”，可知答案是D。
    69．解析：这是一道细节推断题。从第二段“Another practice that discouraged maternal attachment was tightly wrapping infants.”可知，wrapping的目的是减少母亲的接触，让母亲远离孩子一些。因此选B。
    70．解析：这是一道细节推断题。从最后一段“infants were fed by wet nurses hired”可知，wet nurses是喂养别人的婴儿的女人。
    71．解析：这是一道主旨题。文中讲了各种pre-modern attachment-discouraging practices的方法，因此，title应是B。
    练习册系列答案
    年级 高中课程 年级 初中课程
    高一 高一免费课程推荐！ 初一 初一免费课程推荐！
    高二 高二免费课程推荐！ 初二 初二免费课程推荐！
    高三 高三免费课程推荐！ 初三 初三免费课程推荐！
    相关习题

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    The scene in the Hollywood movie The Day After Tomorrow, where global warming could soon turn the global climate (气候) into a new ice age, may never occur, according to new research.
    The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a continuous record of 7.40,000 years of climate data (数据) obtained from the Antarctic ice.                         
    Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3,000-meter.depth of ice high in the Antarctic mainland. They figure out that the area where summer temperatures can fall to –40℃, has at least 900,000 years of snowfalls,, kept as neatly as the growth rings of a tree. And the ice and air caught in each layer(层) have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past..
    The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740, 000 years and eight warmer periods. And by comparing the pattern of global conditions today with those of the past, the researchers reported in Nature that the present warm period could last another 15, 000 years.
    Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average temperatures. It also shows that carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels are the highest for at least 440,000 years.         
    "If people say to you: the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into an ice age otherwise, our data say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads,” said Eric Wolff from the British Antarctic Survey. "Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and out of ice ages… and you can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future."
    Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level. "In 440,000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today," said Dr Wolff.
    48. In drilling through the ice in Antarctica, scientists, have found that______.
    A. the lowest temperature there is －40℃     B. the depth of ice is 3,000 meters
    C. the ice has existed for 15,000 years          D. snowfalls are kept in certain patterns
    49. The information of the global climate conditions in the past can be obtained through______.
    A. separating carbon dioxide from the air     
    B. examining the growth rings of trees
    C. comparing temperatures in different areas
    D. studying the ice and air caught in each layer
    50. We can infer from Eric Wolff's words that_______.
    A. there is something wrong with the data     B. greenhouse effect is always a bad thing
    C. a new ice age will not come in the near future
    D. greenhouse gas will get thick in the future
    51. What would be the best title for the passage?
    A. Research over the Antarctic area.                    B. Warm period to last about 15, 000 years.
    C. Report on the eight ice ages in the past.    D. Hollywood movies and the global climate.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    As skies are filled with millions of migrating(迁徙)birds, European scientists say the seasonal wonder appears to be strange: The fatter the bird, the better it flies.
    The results of their study led to a theory opposite to a central one of aerodynamics(空气动力学), which says that the power needed to fly increases with weight.
    For birds, obviously, the cost of flying with heavy fat is much smaller than we used to think. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year nonstop flight between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5, 000 kilometers.
    Another study in the magazine Nature measured the advantage of flying in an aerodynamic group which allows birds to save energy by flying smoothly and quietly in the lead bird’s air stream.
    Flying in groups, their heart rates were 14.5 percent lower than flying alone, according to Henri, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had thought that thinner, stronger birds would have the best chance  to survive.
    The first study suggests that building up fat to be burnt as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight.
    In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body weights during 28 simulated(模拟的)flights. They forced a small amount of special water into the birds’ bodies so that they could measure the amount of energy burnt during the flight.
    60.A red knot wading bird of 100 grams will probably weigh_____before making its nonstop migrating flight.
    A.50 grams             B.100 grams           C.150 grams             D.200 grams
    61.During their migrating flight, red knot wading birds can save energy by flying_______.
    A.separately        B.alone            C.in groups               D.in pairs
    62.A_______red not wading bird has a better chance to survive during its migrating flight.
    A.stronger       B.weaker         C.thinner                  D.fatter
    63.The best title for this passage may probably be________.
    A.Birds Thin Down For Journey               B.Birds Fatten Up For Journey
    C.How Birds Build Up Fat For Journey       D.How Birds Burn Energy For Journey

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空


    Washoe is a young chimpanzee(黑猩猩). She is no ___1___ chimpanzee, though. Scientists are doing a research ___2___ her. They want to see how civilized(驯化) she can ___3___. Already she does many things a human being can do.
    For example, she has been learning how to exchange ___4___ with people. The scientists are teaching her ___5___ language. When she wants to be picked ___6___, Washoe points up with one finger. She rubs her teeth with her finger ___7___ she wants to brush her teeth. This is done after every meal.
    Washoe has also been ___8___ to think out and find answers to problems. Once she was put in a ___9___ with food hanging from the ceiling. It was too high to ___10___. After she considered the ___11___, she got a tall box to stand ___12___. The food was still too high to be reached. Washoe found a ___13___ pole. Then she climbed onto the ___14___, grasped the pole, and ___15___ down the food with the pole.
    Washoe ___16___ like a human, too. The scientists keep her in a fully furnished(家具齐全的) house. After a hard ___17___ in the laboratory, she goes home. ___18___ she plays with her toys. She ___19___ enjoys watching television before going to bed.
    Scientists hope to ___20___ more about people by studying our closest relative(亲属) — chimpanzee.
    1. A. foolish   B. ordinary     C. special       D. simple
    2. A. for  B. by      C. to       D. on
    3. A. experience     B. change       C. develop      D. become
    4. A. actions   B. views  C. messages    D. feelings
    5. A. sign       B. human       C. spoken       D. foreign
    6. A. out B. at       C. on      D. up
    7. A. when     B. until   C. since   D. while
    8. A. raised     B. trained       C. ordered      D. led
    9. A. cave       B. zoo     C. room  D. museum
    10. A. pull      B. see      C. eat      D. reach
    11. A. problem       B. position      C. food   D. ceiling
    12. A. by B. on      C. up      D. with
    13. A. straight B. strong C. long    D. big
    14. A. wall     B. box     C. ceiling       D. pole
    15. A. knocked      B. picked C. took    D. shocked
    16. A. lives     B. acts     C. thinks D. plays
    17. A. task      B. lesson C. day     D. time
    18. A. Here    B. There  C. So      D. Then
    19. A. quite    B. already       C. even   D. still
    20. A. observe       B. discover     C. gain    D. learn

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child --- or even an animal, such as a pigeon --- can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
    Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a nice face looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a nice person, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.
    There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing his personality.
    Bookworms, conservatives（保守派）, military（军人或军事的）types --- people are described with such terms. People have always tried to type each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning mask. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the good guys from the bad guys because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
    6.The passage tells the readers ______.
    A. how to describe people’s faces
    B. how to describe people’s personality
    C. how to differ good persons from bad ones
    D. how to describe people both inward and outward
    7. What is the possible role of the writer?
    A. Psychologist     B. Behaviorist    C. Writer    D. Sociologist
    8. Which of the following is incorrect?
    A. Different people may have different personalities.
    B. People differ from each in appearance.
    C. People can describe all the features of others.
    D. People can learn to recognize faces.
    9. It is easier to describe a person’s personality in words than his face because ______.
    A. a person’s face is more complex than his personality
    B. a person’s personality is easily distinguished
    C. people’s personalities are very alike
    D. many words are available when people try to describe one’s personality
    10. People classify a person into certain type according to ______.
    A. his way of acting and thinking
    B. his way of speaking and behaving
    C. his learning and behavior
    D. his physical appearance and his personality

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Have you ever got stuck with unwanted courses or a class schedule that cannot be changed? If so, that's because you don't know how to select the perfect sch
    edule. But by following a few simple steps, you can begin any term with the right courses at the most convenient times.
    First, you must find the right courses. These are the ones that have the least amount of work, the fewest tests and the kindest professors. Ask your friends about courses in which they received A's after attending only 70 percent of the classes. Ask around, too, to see which instructors have given the same tests for the last fifteen years. Photocopies of these tests are usually cheap and can be easily found in school. Then, pick up a copy of the master schedule and study it carefully. Find the course titles that mean an easy pass for a painless subject.
    Look for titles like “Arts and Crafts for Beginners” and “Rock Music of the 1950s”.
    Next, when you have got lists of easy instructors and subjects, you can begin to select your time periods. If you stay up late in order to watch old movies, you may want a daily schedule that begins no sooner than noon. You should schedule only afternoon courses, too, if you're one of those people who hate to leave a warm bed in the morning. On the other hand, if you are a person who gets out of bed at dawn, you may want to get your classes out of the way as early as possible. That way you have the rest of the day free. Morning classes are also necessary if you are a soap opera(肥皂剧) fan.
    Finally, you want your schedule to pass through registration successfully. The main way to do this is to register(注册) early. If a course does happen to be closed because you simply couldn't register at 7:00 am, you may still be able to get in. Talk to the professor and tell him or her that a serious and hardworking student like yourself would be a shining example to other students. Be sure to carry a list of back-up courses to registration, though, just in case one of your chosen classes changes professors or time periods.
    By following these suggestions, any student can pick the perfect class schedule. College can thus become an almost pleasant activity.
    1.Which of the following statements is true?
    A.You can get copies of tests if you are willing to pay the price.
    B.“Rock Music of the 1950s” may be an easy course.
    C.It is difficult to pick the perfect class schedule.
    D.Attendance is required in all classes. 
    2.You should  ________ .
    A.register for classes in the morning if you get up early
    B.have classes late in the morning if you stay up late
    C.sign up for afternoon classes if you want to see soap operas 
    D.choose classes in the evening if you want to watch old films 
    3.If a course happens to be closed, you should  ________ .
    A.register at 7:00 am               B.sit in on the class anyway
    C.register for a back up course      D.get help from the professor 
    4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
    A.Course Registration Made Easy         B.How to Find the Right Courses 
    C.Classes and After?class Activities     D.How to Pick the Perfect Schedule

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Most rain forests lie close to the equator(赤道),where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine.The warmth of the land heats the air above,causing it to rise and tiny drops of water to fall as rain.The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year.This wet,warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow,so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round.The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate.They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves.The wet air then forms clouds,which hang over the treetops like smoke.These clouds protect the forest from the daytime heat and night-time cold of nearby deserts,keeping temperatures fit for plant growth.
    Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm,but they have a dry season of three months or more when little rain falls.Tree leaves fall during this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season or monsoon(雨季) begins.Thus these areas are known as the “monsoon forest”.
    Another type of rain forest grows on tropical mountains.It is often called the “cloud forest” because clouds often hang over the trees like fog.
    The rain forest is the ideal place for the growth of many different trees.Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds.When the fruits are eaten,the seeds inside them go undamaged through animals’ stomachs and are passed out in their droppings.The seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into new trees.
    小题1:The climate of the rain forests near the equator is _______.
    A．mild,wet and windyB．hot,rainy and foggy
    C．hot,wet and cloudyD．warm,wet and sunny
    小题2:We can learn from the passage that _______.
    A．tree leaves are green all the time in the monsoon forest
    B．there is a dry season in the cloud forest on tropical mountains
    C．clouds help the plants in the rain forest near the deserts to grow
    D．the formation of climate in the rain forest has little to do with the trees
    小题3:According to the passage,_______ play the most important role in the spreading of seeds.
    A．animalsB．droppingsC．fruitsD．winds
    小题4:This passage is most likely to be found in _______.
    A．a travel guideB．a story book
    C．a technical reportD．a geography book

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    D
    Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is also one of the most interesting. It was named after Jupiter, the most important of the Roman gods, and nicknamed the “King of Planets.” It is the fifth planet from the sun and the fourth brightest object in the sky. Before the invention of the telescope, Jupiter was thought to be a bright star.
    In 1610, the famous astronomer Galileo realised that Jupiter was actually a planet. He also noticed that it had four large moons. These are known as the Galilean moons. The biggest is Ganymede, and it is larger than the planets Pluto and Mercury. Next in size is Callisto, which is the farthest away from Jupiter. It is the closest to the planet, and has a lot of active volcanoes. The smallest of the Galilean moons is Europa. Europa is covered in ice, and scientists believe there may be an ocean underneath.
    Galileo's discovery that Jupiter was not a star but a planet was very important. Before this time, people believed the Earth to be the centre of the universe. They thought that the sun, stars, and other planets all revolved around the Earth. However, Galileo proved that the sun was at the centre of the universe!
    (A) Jupiter is farther out in the solar system than Earth, so it takes longer to revolve around the sun. (B) However, a day on Jupiter is much shorter, only 9.8 Earth hours. (C) This is because it spins(旋转) a lot faster than the Earth does. (D)
    Another of Jupiter's interesting features（特性） is its “Great Red Spot.” On the surface of the planet is a large red spot. The spot is actually a huge storm like a hurricane, but bigger. It covers an area twice as big as the Earth and has been going on for at least 400 years!
    62. What is the passage mainly about?
    A. Features of the planet Jupiter.     
    B. Differences between Jupiter and other planets.
    C. Galileo's accomplishments in astronomy（天文）.
    D. How Jupiter moves in the solar system.
    63. According to Paragraph 3, why is Galileo's discovery important?
    A. Because Jupiter was thought to be smaller than Earth.
    B. Because people knew that Earth is not the only planet.
    C. Because it meant that the planet goes around the Earth.
    D. Because it proved that Earth is not the centre of the universe.
    64. The underlined word “revolved” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to           .
    A. approached        B. stopped            C. sped up            D. circled
    65. Where would the following sentence best fit into Paragraph 4, (A), (B), (C) or (D)?
    This means that one year on Jupiter is as long as 11.6 Earth years.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    There were times when it was only schoolchildren who felt sick before they got their grades．But now teachers in Germany are scared, too, as they are being graded by their students.
    Many teachers are opposed to it．They don’t mind being evaluated．But they are upset because the results are then being posted on the Internet and accessible to millions of Internet users．On the website www. spickmich.de during the past four months students have posted evaluations of 100,000 teachers.
    The teachers are graded on categories such as “motivated”, “good instruction,” “easy examinations”, or even “sexy.” Many teachers think that their privacy has been violated.
    The creators of the website say that the students are only being offered the chance to provide teachers with some feedback about their classroom instruction．Bernd Dicks, who founded the website with three friends, says that the students are largely quite satisfied with their teachers．On a grading scale of one to six, the teachers’ average grade is 2.7 and it has been improving lately．He often says the impression is that students are bullying（欺负） their teachers．But there is also bullying of the students by teachers.  
    “Teachers must also learn to live with criticism,” he added．But still, the website is not totally immune from manipulation（操纵）, as one teacher near the northern city of Hanover recently proved．He registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly．Within a few days, seven of his colleagues were listed in the top 10 rankings of Germany’s best teachers.
    45. Many teachers are opposed to the website because        .
    A．their privacy has been violated         B．they are afraid of being assessed
    C．their evaluations are unfair       D．the results are not satisfying
    46．The founders of the website intended to         .
    A．get the students to know their teachers better
    B．conduct a survey on teachers’ performances
    C．help the teachers to improve their teaching
    D．change the teachers’ ways of giving instructions
    47．From what the teacher in Hanover did, we can infer         .
    A．he intended to help his colleagues
    B．there was some disadvantage of the website
    C．his colleagues were more popular than him
    D．he wanted to know how he was evaluated
    48．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
    A．Teachers get graded by pupils  B．Teachers are angry with website
    C．Teachers need self-assessment        D．New invention in assessing teachers

    查看答案和解析>>

    同步练习册答案