Disposing(处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers(垃圾托运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically(定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅区的)neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.
Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.
1.The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.
A. Waste Disposal Problem B. Waste Pollution Dangers
C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D. Places for Disposing Waste
2.During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for ______.
A. burying it B. burning it
C. recycling it D. throwing it into rivers
3.What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.
C. Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.
D. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.
名校课堂系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省牛津译林版英语Module 5 Unit 2 test2 题型：任务型阅读
What is waste and why does it matter?
Waste or rubbish is something that people throw away because they no longer need it or want it. Almost everything we do creates waste and as a society we are currently producing more waste than ever before. We do this at home and at work. The fact that we produce waste, and get rid of it, matters for the following reasons.
When something is thrown away we lose the natural resources, the energy and the time which have been used to make the product. The vast majority of resources that we use in manufacturing products and providing services cannot be replaced. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitely— we would run out.
When something is thrown away, we are putting pressure on the environment's ability to cope— in terms of the additional environmental impacts associated with extracting the new resources, manufacturing and distributing the goods, and in terms of the environmental impacts associated with getting rid of our rubbish.
When something is thrown away, we are not able to see it as a resource. It is well understood that what is waste to one person may not be viewed as waste by another. A good example of this is scrap metal（金属废料）which has been recycled for many years. Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than just throw it away.
The process of using up the earth's natural resources to make products which we then throw away, sometimes a very short time later, is not "sustainable" — in other words, it cannot continue indefinitely.
The way we consume materials will affect whether we have a sustainable society that leaves resources available for future generations to use. As consumers and producers, we are central to the concept of sustainability. We need to think about how we can get more out of less, how we can use less and throw away less and how we can do better things with our so-called "waste" than throw it away. We need to see "waste" as a "resource".
Title | The problem with waste |
1. | Waste or rubbish is what people throw away when they do not need it or want it any longer. |
Important 2.on society | The natural resources, the energy and the time used to make the product become 3.when something is thrown away. The vast majority of resources can’t be replaced and they would be 4.up. The environment's ability to extract the new resources, manufacture and distribute the goods and get rid of rubbish is 5. pressure. People 6. to see it as a resource. Increasingly, people are realizing that it makes both economic sense and environmental sense to use "waste" 7.of just throwing it away. |
Result | We’ll leave fewer resources 8. for future generations to use. |
9. | People should have the 10. of sustainability, thinking about getting more out of less, using less, throwing less and doing better things with it. People should see "waste" as a "resource". |
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科目：高中英语 来源：湖北省2017届高三5月押题考试英语试卷 题型：七选五
People have problems
People have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping. 1. A leaked Yahoo database showed that the most popular passwords were still “123456” and “password”.2.
These people are trying to make life easy for themselves. 3. Hackers(黑客) have gotten very good at what they do, with more capable tools than ever, and those tools can work so well because we are still really bad at choosing and remembering passwords.
Researchers from the UK’s Lancaster University, as well as the Peking and Fujian Normal universities in China, tested passwords. 4. They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of ordinary users, accounts. Hackers could even guess a third of the harder passwords in 100 tries, reported the Daily Mail.
According to researchers from Bloomberg Businessweek, using upper and lower cases(大小写) in your password is a good way to make is safer. Adding numbers and/or symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and/or symbols; this would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break, Also, never use personal information as a password. 5. Experts suggest that a user should change his or her password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing.
A. Passwords were short.
B. Use different passwords for different accounts.
C. A password must be difficult to be guessed by others.
D. Many people used simple combinations of their name, age or birthday.
E. They tried to guess passwords based on people’s personal information.
F. But they are also making it easy for hackers to break into their accounts.
G. So it’s easy to understand why many of us would pick something simple and easy for our passwords.
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科目：高中英语 来源：江西省2016-2017学年高二下学期第一次考试英语试卷 题型：短文填空
One1.(rain) night I was driving along a lonely highway2.I saw a man walking rapidly ahead of me along the side of the road.It was pouring rain and I slowed down to avoid splashing him as I went by.
He misunderstood and thought I was offering a ride，and ran towards my car. He was very tall and had a full beard, 3.scared me.I stepped on the gas pedal 4.（leave）quickly and I saw the look of total despair in his eyes. Suddenly，all fear was 5.(go) and I backed up and unlocked my car door，praying this was not the6.(big) mistake in my life but somehow knowing it would be okay.
The man’s truck had got stuck7. the mud. He8.(walk) for miles.No one would pick 9.up and his wife was giving birth to their first child in the hospital. He had cried at the thought that he might not be there. 10.(fortunate), we arrived in the hospital before his son was born.
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科目：高中英语 来源：福建省莆田市2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：书面表达
假如你是高二学生李华，这次考试后，学校放假三天，你打算和同学出去旅游以调节身心，可是父母亲不同意，担心你的安全及学习。为此你与父母吵架，心情不好，不知如何说服父母。请用英语给你的外教Jimmy写信，向他咨询如何让你父母同意你的计划。
注意：
1． 可以适当增添细节，以使行文连贯。
2．词数100左右。 开头与结尾已给出，不计入总字数。
参考词汇：the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
Dear Jimmy,
How is everything with you?
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Yours Sincerely，
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：内蒙古2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：短文改错
Last night, I have an interesting dream. On the way back home. I came across child from another planet. His clothes seemed to be shining and looked beautifully. As I got close to him, he looked frightening and turned his back to me. Though I couldn’t speak his language, I used hand gestures to talk about him. A while later, he told me lots of amazing thing on his planet, that made me laugh. But suddenly, he began to cry, and then he explained he had lost his way but couldn’t find his home. Seeing that, I was offered to help him. I asked him to call his parents using my phone. After make the call , he disappeared.
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科目：高中英语 来源：内蒙古2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Not too long ago, our teacher, being a “tree-hugger”(as the kids call her), had us write an essay on an environmental issue. I was eager to start, but something made me stop.
“What is an environmental issue?” one kid asked. “What if we don’t care about the environment?” another complained. “It’s not like it affects me.”
These comments astounded me. I have always cared about the environment and assumed that others did too. From the surprised look on my teacher’s face, I could tell she felt the same way.
In no time, I finished my essay. In my essay I wrote about logging(伐木), which is an important industry, but if we continue to cut down trees without replacing, it will damage the environment.
There are so many things that we can do to save our world. Recycling, of course, is always a good thing, but not everyone has a recycling plant nearby (I don’t). There are other ways to help the environment. Plant a tree. Don’t waste water.
I can’t stand it when a person’s excuse for not caring is “Nothing is going to happen in my lifetime, so why should I care?” Sure, the chances of something terrible happening are slim, but I want people to realize that if we don’t deal with it, someone will have to eventually. Do you want that to be your children? Or your children’s children?
When my teacher told me to read my essay to my class, I was a little embarrassed because I didn’t want everyone to call me “tree-hugger”. I realize now that if being a tree-hugger means you care about the environment, I’m a tree-hugger 100 percent. I just wish more people were.
1.Why do the students call their teacher “tree-hugger”?
A. She likes hugging trees.
B. She knows a lot about trees.
C. She grew up in the countryside.
D. She cares a lot about the environment.
2.At the beginning, the author stopped writing _____ .
A. to ask some questions
B. because of other kids’ comments
C. to listen to the teacher’s instructions
D. because he had no idea about the topic
3.The underlined word “astounded” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_____” .
A. helped B. changed
C. shocked D. interested
4.Paragraph 5 is mainly about _____ .
A. what we can recycle
B. how we can save the earth
C. why we should protect the earth
D. what damage we are doing to the earth
5.We can infer from the passage that _____ .
A. the students don’t like the teacher
B. the teacher liked the author’s essay
C. the author is ashamed of being a tree-hugger
D. the author should have written a better essay
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017-2018学年高中英语（牛津译林版必修二江苏卷） 单元综合测评1 题型：单项填空
Danny ________hard for long to realize his dream and now he is very popular.
A. works B. is working
C. has worked D. had worked
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科目：高中英语 来源：山西省2017届高三下学期模拟热身英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
It encouraged us to visit Quora.com, the online question and answer community, to find out how users get the most out of every tank of gas.
Light makes right
Alex Elderfield noted that excess weight prevents an engine from burning fuel efficiently. "Only carry what is essential in your car, clean out any junk or necessary items otherwise you are paying for the fuel to cart these from place to place," he wrote.
Driving smoothly — that is, not mashing the gas and then slamming the brakes later down the road — was a fixture of many responses. Quora user Clint Law agreed on that advice, who wrote, "Every little bit of kinetic energy that your brakes lose, your engine burned in fuel to build up." Overbraking should consequently be viewed as wasted acceleration. "That's really what kills your fuel economy," he argued.
Keep the pressure up
Keeping the recommended tire pressure for your car was another mantra among Quora users. Marlyn Rosent said she checked her tire pressure every time she filled up her SUV. Quora user Doug Dingus checks his tire pressure every weekend. “Less tire contact means reduced rubbing, requiring less fuel,” he said.
Air conditioning or windows
Though the summer heat get many drivers to roll up the windows and turn on the air conditioning, some people argued that running the A/C wastes too much gas. In between were many shades of grey.
Achilleas Vortselas said it would depend largely on a car’s speed. He wrote that as a general rule, people should drive with the windows down around the city and turn the air conditioning on when hitting the highway, where a car’s aerodynamic(空气动力的) characteristics would be influenced by opened windows.
More seriously minded people, however, said to travel as much as possible with windows up and the A/C off. Eddie Xue gets by with just a wisp of outside air. “Use the fan and open your windows every now and then at lower speeds," he wrote.
1.What can we learn from what Clint Law wrote?
A. Overbraking is a waste of gas.
B. Carry what we need in the car.
C. Build up energy to drive smoothly.
D. Stepping on the gas freely can keep a balance.
2.What do we know from Doug Dingus’ words?
A. Checking tire pressure will require less fuel.
B. Filling up the SUV leads to reduced rubbing.
C. Keeping the recommended tire pressure is necessary.
D. Braking fiercely can keep wasting acceleration.
3.The author says “In between were many shades of grey” to indicate that ________.
A. rolling up the windows and turning on the air conditioning waste too much gas
B. people should try their best to travel with windows up and the A/C off
C. when a car approaches higher speeds, the A/C should come on
D. there’s balance between the air conditioning and windows usage
4.Which is the suitable title of the passage?
A. Fuel efficiency, straight from source
B. Driving with the windows down and using the A/C
C. How to save at the pump this summer
D. Reducing the weight and increasing the vehicle’s fuel economy
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