As PM2.5 readings reached as high as 900 in some cities, people are more ______ to get lung cancer in such conditions.
A. probable B. perhaps C. likely D. possible
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：053
阅读理解
I gave my housekeeper(管家)an old pair of trousers to wash and went into the study to rea D.My housekeeper usually examined my pockets before she washed any thing,but for some reason she failed to do so this time.As I was reading I suddenly remembered that there was a ten-pound note in the back pocket of the trousers I had given her to wash.I dropped my book right away and rushed to the bathroom.But it was too late.My housekeeper told me that my trousers had been in the washing-machine for ten minutes!I had the machine stop working at once and pulled my trousers as quickly as I coul D.I nearly burnt my fingers when I tried to unbutton(解开钮扣)my back pocket.To my great disappointment(失望),I discovered that it had already become a piece of white paper.I stood there,glaring(盯着看)at my housekeeper in silence(沉默)until she began to cry,begging me to pardon her and not to drive her off.
1.The writer of this passage usually ______.
［ ］
A.did the housekeeper for himself
B.had the housework done by his housekeeper
C.had the housework done by a family robot
D.had to do the housekeeper like a housewife
2.The housekeeper ______ her master’s clothes______.
［ ］
A.had…washed by another servant
B.washed…by hand
C.got…washed by a washing-machine
D.washed…in a basin
3.While reading,the writer suddenly remembered ______ a ten-pound note in a pocket of the trousers.
［ ］
A.to leave
B.that he would leave
C.have left
D.that he had left
4.After unbuttoning the back pocket,the writer found that ______.
［ ］
A.the ten-pound note became pieces of paper
B.it had turned into a piece of white paper
C.nothing had happened to the ten-pound note
D.the ten-pound note remained the same as before
5.From the passage we may conclude(推断)that the writer was ______ the housekeeper.
［ ］
A.very pleased with
B.very kind to
C.getting along well with
D.not kind enough to
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年辽宁省高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Air pollution is one of the hottest topics at present because poor air quality is an important factor in both the incidence and cause of respiratory(呼吸道) diseases.
Zhong Nanshan, a deputy to the NPC and a member of the CAE, said recently when the concentration of PM2.5 rises by 10 micrograms per cubic meter, hospitalization may rise by as much as 3.1 percent. Meanwhile, when the concentration of PM2.5 rises from 25 mgs per cubic meter to 200, the average daily death rate may rise to 11 percent.
Zhi Xiuyi, a leading expert in lung cancer treatment and also vice-president of the CATS, said medical authorities used to focus on tobacco control as a primary means of preventing lung cancer. "But in fact, air pollution is no less harmful than smoking and our research team released a report earlier this year showing that the cancer rate in Beijing is closely related to industrialization," he said.
The report, conducted by the Beijing Institute of Cancer Research, shows that the number of cancer patients in China has increased markedly during the past ten years. Chaoyang District, the city's main area of industrialization, has the highest incidence of cancer, almost double that of Yanqing, an area on the outskirts of the city. About four out of 1000 Chaoyang residents have some form of the disease, with lung cancer at the top of the list.
"The risk of having cancer largely depends on the length of exposure and the concentration of noxious gases(有毒气体的浓度)," said Zhi. In response to the doubt whether seven years' exposure to poor air quality will almost result in cancer, Zhi said the time scale was taken from research overseas that suggested the rate of incidence generally peaked in the seventh year of exposure to a heavily polluted environment.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Medical researches on environment.
B. The disadvantages in big cities.
C. The only reason for the lung cancer.
D. Poor air quality contributing to lung cancer.
2.What can you conclude from the 3rd paragraph?
A. Compared with smoking, air pollution is more harmful.
B. Air pollution is as harmful as smoking.
C. It is very important to prevent people from smoking.
D. People realize the importance of keeping healthy.
3.If there were 3,000,000 people in Chaoyang District, how many would have respiratory diseases?
A. 16000?????? B. 12000?????? C. 8000??????? D. 7500
4.What can you infer from the passage?
A. Industrialization has its weakness as well as strengths.
B. The average death rate rises with different ages and places.
C. The air in Beijing is much more polluted than that in the other cities.
D. The more heavily-polluted air you breathe in, the sooner you’ll have cancer.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年江苏省南京市高三第二次英语模拟试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物质), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world.
“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
1.What might be the best title of the passage?
A. Signals of air pollution
B. Safety limits of air pollution
C. Air pollution, cancer risk
D. Air pollution, smog risk
2.What’s the main task of IARC?
A. To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B. To evaluate the air quality.
C. To study the developing risk of cancer.
D. To send signals to the international community.
3.Why should the international community take action without further delay?
A. The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.
B. More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C. Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D. A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年山西忻州一中康杰中学临汾一中长治二中高三第四次四校联考英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A dense wave of smog began in the Chinese city of Harbin and the surrounding Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning Provinces on 20 October 2013. Unseasonably warm temperatures with very little wind across northeastern China coincided with the smoke from local farmers’ burning straws and the start-up of Harbin’s coal-powered central heating system.
Record densities of fine particulates(微粒)were measured in the city. In Harbin, the levels of PM2.5 (particulate matter) rise to 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter, worse than Beijing’s historic highs. Visibility was reduced to below 50m in parts of Harbin, and below 500m in most of the neighbouring Jilin Province. On Fa Yuen Street in Harbin, visibility of less than 5m was reported. The smog reduced after October 23, 2013 and completely broke up on October 28, 2013 by the first local snow and icy rain due to a cold front moving in from Russia.
Harbin lies in the north of China where winter temperatures can drop to -40℃, demanding a six-month heating season. Daily particulate levels of more than 40 times the World Health Organization recommended maximum level were reported in parts of Harbin. The smog remained till 23 October, when almost all monitoring stations in Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning Provinces reported readings above 200μg/m³forPM2.5. PM2.5 is the amount of particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter in the air, with the WHO recommending a maximum 24-hour mean (平均值) of 25 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³). On the morning of 25 October, PM2.5 measurements in Harbin had fallen to an average of 123μg/m³.
All highways in the surrounding Heilongjiang Province were closed. In Harbin, all primary and middle schools were closed for three days and authorities stopped flights at the airports. Hospitals reported a 23 percent increase in admissions for breathing problems. However, this smog will have no influence on Harbin Ice Festival events later in December 2013.
Air pollution in Chinese cities is of increasing concern to China’s leadership. Particulates in the air can affect human health and also have influences on climate and rainfall. Pollution from the burning of coal has reduced life expectancy by 5.5 years in the north of China, as a result of heart and lung diseases.
1.One cause of the heavy smog in the northeastern Chinese cities may be _____.
A. the lasting cold weather
B. farmers’ burning of forests
C. too much strong wind
D. the start-up of heating system
2.One serious influence of the heavy smog was that_____.
A. Harbin Ice Festival would be cancelled
B. highways in Heilongjiang were free of charge
C. all flights at the airport were cancelled
D. doctors in hospitals were kept from working
3.The harmful smog was most serious on ______.
A. October 20 B. October 23 C. October 25 D. October 28
4.What measure might be practical to reduce the happening of heavy smog?
A. Forbidding people to own their private cars.
B. Advocating people having one meal a day.
C. Using natural gas to cook instead of coal.
D. Encouraging family’s coal-fired heating.
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