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【题目】We ______the difficulty together, but why didn’t you call me?

A. should face B. might face

C. must have faced D. might have faced

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:考查情态动词用法.根据why didn’t you call me?中的过去时可知本书是对过去情况进行虚拟,故D正确.must have done一定做了某事;might have done本可以做,实际上却未做;结合句意可知D正确.我们本可以一起面对困难,但是为什么你不给我打电话?

【知识归纳】

情态动词+have+done现将其用法总结归纳如下:

一、 “must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿的。

二、 “can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。

Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。

三、 “can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”。

There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗?

四、 “could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。

He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心。

五、 “may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。

—What has happened to George?—I don't know. He may have got lost.

—乔治发生了什么事?——我不知道,他可能迷路了。

六、 “might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。

He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙。

七、 “would+have+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。

I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。

八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。” “shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。

Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉。

九、 “ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”,往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。

I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。

十、 “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。

I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒,只来了五个人。

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