Question

【题目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The impact of smoke screen on adolescents

The study began by recruiting over 2,600 US school children aged 10 to 14 who had never smoked. Each child was then asked if they had watched any of 50 movies randomly 【1】(select) from 601 box office hits. The number of occurrences of smoking in each film was recorded.

When followed up one to two years later, 10 percent of the children had tried 【2】(smoke). The children in the top quarter of exposure to movie smoking were 2.7 times more likely to have tried a cigarette than 【3】 in the lowest quarter of exposure. This effect was independent of other factors that might influence the child’s smoking behavior, such as friends or family smoking.

“If provides more evidence 【4】 movies have a strong impact on adolescents,” says Dalton, an expert in cancer risk behavior in children. “Previous studies suggested that smoking in movies 【5】(influence) adolescent smoking behavior, but this is the first study to show that viewing smoking in movies predicts 【6】will start smoking in the future.”

Dalton says a previous study by the team showed that children were more likely to smoke 【7】 their favorite actor smoked. “We know from past studies it’s very rare for smoking to be portrayed in a negative light. Smokers in movies tend to be tough guys or sexy, rebellious women, which appeals to adolescents,” she told New Scientist.

Movies which depict smoking 【8】 be given an adult rating or “R rating” in the US, suggests Glantz, which would mean that children under 17 could not see the film 【9】 a parent. An R rating for smoking in movies would prevent about 330 adolescents in the US from starting to smoke and ultimately 【10】(extend) 170 lives every day,” he writes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】selected

【2】smoking

【3】those

【4】that

【5】influenced

【6】who

【7】if

【8】should

【9】without

【10】extend

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了屏幕里的吸烟镜头对青少年的影响。

【1】考查非谓语动词，句意：然后，研究人员询问每个孩子是否看过从601部票房大片中随机挑选的50部电影。movies 与select之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词做后置定语，故填selected。

【2】考查非谓语动词。句意：实验追踪这些青少年，1-2年之后发现，十分之一都曾试过抽烟，try doing sth.表示“尝试做”，故填smoking。

【3】考查代词。句意：研究发现，接触电影中吸烟镜头最多的四分之一的儿童尝试吸烟的可能性是接触电影中吸烟镜头最少的四分之一的儿童的2.7倍。所在句子中主语是the children, 此处为比较状语从句，than后面应该是跟主语相同的词，因此填指示代词，指代those children，故填those。

【4】考查同位语从句。句意：如果能提供更多的证据证明电影对青少年有很大的影响。此处为同位语从句，解释说明evidence的内容，空格后面的句子成分完整，因此用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故填that。

【5】考查时态。句意：先前的研究表明，电影中的吸烟镜头会影响青少年的吸烟行为，但这是第一项研究表明看到电影中的吸烟镜头可以预测未来谁会开始吸烟。句子中的主语previous studies可以看出谓语动词应为一般过去时态，故填influenced。

【6】考查宾语从句。句意同上，分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，从句中的start smoking表明从句的主语是人，故填who。

【7】考查状语从句。句意：道尔顿说，该研究小组先前的一项研究表明，如果孩子们最喜欢的演员吸烟，他们更容易吸烟。通过从句中的时态以及likely可以看出是if引导的条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if。

【8】考查情态动词。句意：格兰茨建议，在美国，含有吸烟镜头的电影应该被评为成人级或“R级”。根据后面的“be given”和语境可以看出此空为情态动词，表示“应该”，故填should。

【9】考查介词。句意：这意味着17岁以下的青少年没有父母的陪同不能看这类电影。通过前文语意可以看出，R级电影是未成年人不能单独观看的，需要父母在场陪同，而空格前是否定could not，故填without。

【10】考查动词原形。句意：他写道：“对电影中的吸烟进行R级评定，可以防止美国约330名青少年开始吸烟，并最终每天延长170人的寿命”。通过并列连词and和谓语would prevent可以看出此空填动词原形，故填extend。