Question

A study now lends support to the idea that meal­time distractions(分散注意) can mask the clues that we really have eaten quite enough. Moreover, it finds, the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what we're eating doesn't necessarily end when a meal is over.

Rose Cooper from England, and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an experiment. Each person dined alone, continuously receiving nine small shares of food items. These ranged from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots, cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.

Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness, the researchers randomly assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computer—and to gain as many wins as possible at the “card” game. Everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.

According to their instructions, the participants ate all of the food given to them. Yet people who played a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had. Game players also swallow down twice as many cookies, almost an hour later, when they were allowed all the dessert they wanted( in the name of a taste test)．The British scientists present their findings in the February edition of The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

The real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking.It appears, the scientists say, that memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.

Interestingly, eight years ago, Britta Barkeling of Huddinge University in Stockholm and her colleagues reported somewhat related findings.Their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of everything but lunch, on one day—because they were blindfolded. Compared to a day when they could view what they were dining on, these people consumed only three quarters as many calories. Yet even hours afterward, they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.

Of course dining in the dark isn't practical. And sometimes what we eat doesn't really invite our absolute attention. But there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of resources, a risk to our waistlines—and a costly threat to health.

36．Rose Cooper and her colleagues did the experiment in order to ________．

A．show that all the people enjoy snacks

B．prove that playing computer games is harmful while dining

C．find possible effects of distraction on fullness

D．test the impacts of eating snacks on different people

37．Which is the most effective way to concentrate on your food when dining?

A．Viewing your food. 

B．Blindfolding your eyes.

C．Playing computer games. 

D．Eating by oneself.

38．The reason why distracted eating influences snacking may be that ________．

A．you eat less in that case

B．you are cheated by your memory

C．you have consumed more calories

D．you digest what you've eaten faster

39．We can conclude from the passage that ________．

A．distracted eating may damage your health

B．eating snacks will make you feel full

C．Britta became famous because of the experiment

D．playing is more important than what we eat

Answer 1

有研究表明，吃饭时分散注意力会导致吃得更多，从而影响身心健康。那事实是不是这样呢？让我们从文章中寻找答案。

36．C　推理判断题。从第三段中的“Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness …”可知，实验的目的在于找出注意力的分散对饮食饱胀感的影响，所以选C项。

37．B　推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段的内容可知，吃饭集中精力的最好的方法是罩住眼睛，选B项。

38．B　细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段的内容可知，吃零食时分散注意力会对吃零食产生影响的原因是：你会被你印象中自己吃了多少东西欺骗，故选B项。

39．A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，吃饭时分散注意力最终会影响人们的健康，所以选A项。