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8.A serious problem for today's society is who should be responsible for our elderly and how to improve their lives.It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society.I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First,employers should take the responsibility for their retired employees.To make this possible,a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose.But when a company must take life-long responsibility for its employees,it may suffer from a commercial disadvantage due to higher employee costs.
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual.This means each person must save during his working years to pay for his years of retirement.This does not seem a very fair model since some people have enough trouble paying for their daily life without trying to earn extra to cover their retirement years. This means the government might have to step in to care for the poor.In addition,the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly.This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions.Furthermore,some institutions should be created for senior citizens,which can help provide a comfortable life for them.Unfortunately,as the present situation in our country shows,this is not a truly viable answer.The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly,particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young.
One further solution is that the government or social organizations establish some working places especially for the elderly where they are independent.
To sum up,all these options have advantages and disadvantages.Therefore,it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.

41.What is the passage mainly about?C
A.The problems faced by the old in society.
B.Why we should take responsibility for the old.
C.How we can improve the lives of the old.
D.Where the old can go to get their pensions.
42.According to the passage,how can the government help to improve the lives of retired people?D
A.Set aside some profits to help people with problems after they retire.
B.Increase savings levels of people during their working years.
C.Increase the discounts for food and transport for the old.
D.Make available pensions for those who have retired.
43.The underlined word"viable"most probably means"B".
A.impossible      B.practical    C.useful     D.important
44.What can be concluded from the passage?D
A.Taking care of the old is mainly an issue of money.
B.Employers should allow their workers to retire at a later age.
C.Becoming independent should be the goal of most old people.
D.There is no single solution to the problems of the old.
45.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this article?C
A.To point out the need for government support for old people.
B.To make general readers aware of the problems of retired people.
C.To discuss some possible solutions to an important social problem.
D.To instruct retired people on how they can have a happier life.

分析 文章讲了社会养老问题并就如何提高老人的生活质量提出了一些建议.

解答 41-45 CDBDC
41  C    主旨题.文章是总分结构,文章首段提出问题:"A serious problem for today's society is who should be responsible for our elderly and how to improve their Lives.",后面段落给出一些改善老人生活的建议,由此可知文章的主要大意是"怎样提高老人的生活质量",故答案为C.
42    D   细节题.由题干中的"the government"定位答案于第四段,此段第二句明确指出"This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions.",即"政府通过税收增加老人的养老金",由此可知,D项是此句的同义转述,故为答案.
43   B   词义理解题.由题干中的"viable"定位答案于第四段,此段最后一句"The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly,particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young"说明了由政府忙于照顾年轻人,没有资金照顾老人,所以这措施是行不通的,没有可操作性,故选B.
44   D   推理题.文章第二至第五段提出了五种提高老人生活质量的建议,最后一段说"…all these options have advantages and disadvantages…it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.",由此可以推断"解决老人问题没有单一的方法",故D项为正确答案.
45    C   主旨题.文章首段的最后一句有明显表写作目的句子"I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.",可知作者写这篇文章的目的是对社会重要的问题讨论一些可能的解决方法.故C为正确答案.

点评 做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文,把握文章主旨大意,带着问题回到原文,寻找细节或概括相应的答案,最后要理清作者写作思路.

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