Question

4．文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Several days before July 28，1976，many strangely things happened in Tangshan．They were signs for a earthquake．But people who were lived there didn't think much of that．In 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake，that destroyed almost all the city in a few seconds．Many people，including workers and doctors，came to rescue those who trapped under the ruins．Later that afternoon，other big earthquake struck the city．More people were killed or injured and more buildings fall down．Very soon the army sent a lot of soldier to help，but teams were organized to dig out the trapped and buried the dead．By and by things improved and the city began to breathe again．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介绍了发生于1976年7月28日的唐山大地震；其中包括地震之前的征兆以及地震后的救援情况．

解答 Several days before July 28，1976，manystrangelythings
happened in Tangshan．They were signs for a earthquake．
But people who were lived there didn't think much of that．
In 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake，that destroyed
almost all the city in a few seconds．Many people，including
workers and doctors，came to rescue those who∧trapped under
the ruins．Later that afternoon，other big earthquake struck the city．
More people were killed or injured and more buildings fall down．
Very soon the army sent a lot of soldier to help，but teams were
organized to dig out the trapped andburiedthe dead．By and by things
improved and the city began to breathe again．

详解：
1．strangely改为strange  考查形容词   此处用来修饰名词things，在句中作的是定语，故用形容词strange．
2．a改为an   考查不定冠词    此处用来在单数名词earthquake之前，表示泛指"一次地震"；由于earthquake首字母的发音为元音/?：/，故用an．
3．去掉lived之前的were   考查语态    本句为定语从句，关系代词who在从句中作主语与动词lived构成的是主动关系，应使用主动语态；故去掉lived之前的were  
4．In改为At   考查介词   此处用在具体时刻的前面，故用介词At．
5．that改为which   考查关系代词   本句为非限定性的定语从句，关系代词指代前面的句子，在从句中作主语；故用which．
6．在trapped前加were   考查时态及语态    本句为定语从句，关系代词who指代前面的代词those在从句作主语，与动词trap构成被动关系；由于本文描述的是1976年唐山大地震时的情况，故此处应使用一般过去时态的被动语态；故在trapped前加were．
7．other改为another   考查不定代词   根据上文可知，此处指的是：当天下午晚些时候，在唐山又发生了一次大地震；other的后面通常跟名词的复数形式，意为：其他的，别的；这里指的是：再一次，又一次；故用another．
8．fall改为fell   考查时态  由于本句是由and连接在一起的并列句，故and前后两个句子的谓语部分在形式上应保持一致；由于上文描述的是1976年唐山大地震时的情况，故此处应使用一般过去时态；故用fell．
9．soldier改为soldiers   考查名词的单复数   由于此处的修饰词为a lot of，指的是许多的士兵；这里应使用名词的复数形式，故用soldiers．
10．buried改为bury   考查动词   此处用在连词and之后，与动词不定式to dig out the trapped一起在句中作并列宾语，因此此处需要省略掉动词不定式符号to，故用bury．

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力．错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词．常见的错误有：1 词法错误，主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此类试题时，需要正确分析句子成分，熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常见句法错误．通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误．解答此类试题时，需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法．3 应在理解文章大意的前提下，进行作答．