Question

【题目】For many people who live in cities, parks are an important landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a shelter from the often severe environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect.

Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment (投资) of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.

Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban parks and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetables and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy but also a smart environmental investment.

【1】The underlined word “emits” in the second paragraph probably means _________.

A. gives out B. takes up

C. carries away D. breathes in

【2】Which of the following contributes to the Urban Heat Island Effect?

A. More building materials.

B. More trees and grass.

C. More parking lots.

D. More rooftop gardens.

【3】When it comes to rooftop gardens, what can be inferred from the passage?

A. They make people much happier.

B. They provide more benefits from urban parks.

C. They help to save money and keep a healthy diet.

D. They have become very popular in recent years.

【4】What’s the author’s attitude towards rooftop gardens?

A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Objective.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。城市公园有很多的好处，例如：吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，减少城市热岛效应等。但是，很多城市中的公园有限，作者建议可以建造屋顶花园：屋顶花园具有一般公园的好处，不占用多余的空间，可以给人们提供健康的食物，帮助人们节省费用。

【1】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving”可知，公园里的植物可以吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气。一亩的树吸收的二氧化碳相当于汽车行驶11,000英里排放的二氧化碳的量。故该画线单词意思应为“排放”。结合选项，A选项正确。

【2】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than trees and grass”可知，建筑材料吸收太阳的热，其释放热的速度比树木和草释放热的速度要快，从而导致了城市热岛效应，故A选项正确。

【3】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetables and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier”可知，屋顶花园可以帮忙节省夏季的降温费用，冬季的取暖费用。而且，屋顶花园中种植的蔬菜等可以给人们提供新鲜的食物，让人们吃的更健康。故结合选项，C选项正确。

【4】观点态度题。作者在最后一段介绍了屋顶花园的好处。很明显，作者是支持屋顶花园的。B选项正确。