Question

【题目】 It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies(预期寿命) than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure(基础建设) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization and TripAdvisor to score each city on health, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.

The list is certainly Eurocentric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way toward suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The U.K. doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

Whether you’re planning a pleasant holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its pursuit for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.

【1】What plays the key role in building a healthy city according to the text?

A.Local culture.B.City planning.C.Economic condition.D.Geographical position.

【2】What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A.How the list of the healthiest cities came into being.

B.What Spotahome discovered in the recent study.

C.The reasons why Spotahome carried out the study.

D.The places where the data of the study came from.

【3】What can we learn from the text?

A.Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B.The U. K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C.Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D.Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。研究者们通过调查发现城市规划会影响居民的健康。通过如健康、绿化、寿命、阳光等因素的评分，研究者们列出了一个世界上最健康的城市的清单。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段中In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard.可知，在城市规划不完善的地方，比如最近被Economist Intelligence Unit称为Lagos的地方，公共空间很少，这使得户外活动很难进行。由此可知，城市建设是影响居民健康的一个重要的因素。故选B。

【2】段落大意题。根据第三段中They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization and TripAdvisor to score each city on health, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.可知，他们分析了一系列来源的数据，包括世界卫生组织和TripAdvisor网，对每个城市的健康、预期寿命、肥胖、绿地和其他因素进行评分，从而列出世界上最健康的城市名单。由此可知，第三段主要讲了世界上最健康的城市名单是如何形成的。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Lack of infrastructure blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.可知，基础设施的缺乏阻碍了街道上的汽车和污染的空气，居民长时间工作却赚不了多少钱。由此可推知，Lagos的一些人们可能过着贫困的生活。故选D。

易错分析

第三题What can we learn from the text?

A. Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B. The U. K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C. Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D. Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

本题容易根据倒数第二段中The cities of Australia and Canada also do well.(澳大利亚和加拿大的城市规划也做得很好)而错选C选项“澳大利亚和加拿大有最好的城市规划”。原文中只提到了这两个城市在城市规划上做得好，但是没有说明是最好的。本题答案在第二段最后一句Lack of infrastructure blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.可知，基础设施的缺乏阻碍了街道上的汽车和污染的空气，居民长时间工作却赚不了多少钱。由此可推知，Lagos的一些人们可能过着贫困的生活。故选D。