9．U．S．Job Openings （职位空缺） Reach 5-Year High
（WASHINGTON）-U．S．employers advertised the most job openings in more than five years in October，and the number of people quitting also reached a five-year high．The figures are an encouraging sign for the unemployed．
The Labor Department said Tuesday that job openings rose 1percent to a seasonally adjusted=3.93million．That is the highest figure since March 2008，three months after the Great Recession （萧条） began．
And the number of workers who quit rose 2.5percent to 2.39million，the most since October 2008．More workers quitting can signal a healthy job market，because most of those people likely either have a new job or are confident they can find one．
Total hiring，though，slipped 2.6percent to 4.5million after reaching a five-year high in September．Still，overall hiring has risen 5.2percent in the past year．
More hiring，job openings and quits point to a more dynamic job market．That trend creates more opportunities for people out of work or looking for a new job．
Another positive sign in the report：Layoffs （临时解雇） plunged 16percent to 1.47million，the lowest level on records dating to 2001．Still，while fewer layoffs are welcome，businesses need to step up hiring to more quickly reduce the still-high unemployment rate of 7percent．
Job openings remain just below the 4million figure that is thought to be consistent with a healthy job market．
The job market remains competitive，even though the competition is easing．There were 2.9unemployed people，on average，for each available job in October．That's down from a ratio （比率） of nearly 7to 1in July 2009，just after the recession ended．In a healthy economy，the ratio is typically 2to 1．
Other recent reports show that businesses are adding jobs at a solid，steady pace．Employers added 203，000positions in November，the government said Friday．The unemployment rate fell to a five-year low of 7percent．Job gains have now averaged about 200，000for the past four months．
Those figures reflect net payroll gains-the number of people hired minus those who were laid off，quit or retired．Tuesday's report on job openings and labor turnover provides more details than the monthly employment report．
59．How long did the Great Recession last according to the passage？B
A．About one year．
B．About one and a half years．
C．About five years．
D．About eight and a half years．
60．What does it seem to show that more people leave their jobs？C
A．It is the sign of more layoffs．
B．It is the effect of the recession．
C．It reflects a better employment situation．
D．It reflects a more competitive job market．
61．We can infer from the passage thatA．
A．over 200，000jobs might be provided in December
B．over three people compete for one job nowadays
C．October saw more people unemployed than September
D.1.47million people were unemployed in 2001
62．What does the passage lead the readers to believe？C
A．The US has a healthy economy now．
B．The US has a satisfying unemployment rate now．
C．The US is bringing back its economy now．
D．The US is changing its employment policy now．
分析 在经过约一年半的经济大萧条后，美国通过生产和良性循环推动了经济增长，为了满足不断增加的需要，雇主往往会通过增加招聘来提高生产，从而推动整个就业市场更趋健康．
解答 BC AC
59．B 细节理解题．根据第二段中"March 2008，three months after the Great Recession（萧条） began．"以及第八段中"in July 2009，just after the recession ended．"可知经济大萧条大约持续了一年半．故选B．
60．C 细节理解题．根据第三段中"More workers quitting can signal a healthy job market，because most of those people likely either have a new job or are confident they can find one．"可知更多人辞职被视为劳务市场健康的一个指标，因为大多数人是为了寻找新工作或者自信能找到更好的工作．故选C．
61．A 推理判断题．根据倒数第二段第二句"Employers…in November，the…Friday．"及第四句"Job gains have now averaged about 200，000 for the past four months．"可推断12月份可能会提供20万岗位．故选A．
62．C 观点推断题．根据文章提供的大量数据可知，文章是要读者相信美国就业市场恢复健康，经济在复苏．故选C．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
