Question

阅读理解 　　On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981．They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet(芭蕾舞)．Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50％ from 1981 to 1997：boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time．All in all, however, children’s leisure time dropped from 40％ of the day in 1981 to 25％． 　　“Children are affected by the same time crunch(危机)that affects their parents, ” says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable．A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home．Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively．In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers． 　　All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids．“Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself, ” says T．Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School．Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it． 　　The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television．But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news．If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading．Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading．Let’s face it, Who’s got the time? (1) By mentioning “the same time crunch”(Line 1, Para．2)Sandra Hofferth means ________． [　　] A． children have little time to play with their parents B． children are not taken good care of by their working parents C． both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time D． both parents and children have trouble managing their time (2) According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is ________． [　　] A． quite convincing B． partially true C． totally groundless D． rather confusing (3) The author is concerned about the fact that American kids ________． [　　] A． are engaged in more and more structured activities B． are increasingly neglected by their working mothers C． are spending more and more time watching TV D． are involved less and less in household work (4) We can infer from the passage that ________． [　　] A． extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligence B． most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off C． efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful D． most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．B;3．A;4．D;
解析：

(1)	根据文章第一段最后一句“All in all, however, children’s leisure time dropped from 40％ of the day in 1981 to 25％．(不过，总的来说，儿童闲暇时间从1981年时的每天的40％下降到现在的25％。)”以及第二段第一句“Children are affected by the same time crunch that affects their parents．(孩子们和他们的父母一样都存在着(闲暇)时间(短缺)危机)”可知，正确答案为选项C。
(2)	根据第二段后两句 “Nevertheless, children in both double-income…9 hours with their single mothers．”可知，母亲外出工作是导致孩子玩耍时间减少的部分原因，但不是主要原因。因此，正确答案为选项B。
(3)	根据第三段最后半句“…but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it．”可知，作者认为美国儿童花在“unstructured play”上的时间太少(这里的it即指代unstructured play)，换言之，作者对美国儿童参加越来越多的“structured activities”这种情况感到担心。因此，正确答案为选项A。
(4)	根据文章倒数第二句前半句“Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books,…”可以推论，父母亲之所以要努力使孩子们对看书感兴趣，是因为他们大都认为开卷有益。因此，正确答案为选项D。