Question

Large companies need a way to reach the saving of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put into circulation of the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.

When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange.

There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

　　  1. Generally speaking, those companies involved in new production and long-term project must——.

　　　　  A. borrow large sum of money from friends and people they know

　　　　  B. depend on the population as a whole for finance

　　　　  C. ask the banks to lend them the money

　　　　  D. rely on their own financial resources

　　 2. When the savers want their money back they_

　　　　  A. go to the company with whom they originally placed their money and sell their shares

　　　　  B. ask another company to obtain their shares

　　　　  C. put their shares back on the market

　　　　  D. sell their shares to some' other savers directly

　　 3. According to the passage, if a government needs money for capital construction, it——

　　　　  A. always depends on bank loans

　　　　  B. usually asks the public at large to pay taxes

　　　　  C. also regards The Stock Exchange as the finance resources

　　　　  D. generally borrows money from individuals and institutions both at home and abroad

　　 4. The Stock Exchange exists——.

　　　　  A. to provide for any needy companies

　　　　  B. to raise money for governments only

　　　　  C. because it is useful to new development

　　　　  D. because the people are rich and have much savings

 

Answer 1

答案：B;C;C;C
解析：

1．B。细节题。第一段讲，大公司的发展想通过朋友、熟人或提供短期贷款的银行来融资是行不通的。公司融资必须求助于公众，让他们出资购买公司股票，将来可以分利润。选项B正确，其他三项均与本文内容相悖。     2．C。细节题。第二段第一、二句讲，当储户想将钱取回时，他们不必亲自去融资公司办理，而是将股票出售给其他投资者。选项A和B与此意不符。选项D似乎正确，但它不及选项c合适，因为根据常识判断，一般情况下，股票交易要通过The Stock Exchange，不能个人直接买卖。     3．C。细节题。第二段最后一句讲，政府需要融资进行基本建设时，也要到证券交易所来。其他三项均不合此意。     4．C。细节题。最后一段讲，雇主们需要融资进一步发展事业，而资金的来源就是国家的积蓄。证券交易所的存在就是为需要资金的人提供一条融资渠道。选项A和B提出只为状况不佳的公司和政府提供资金，范围太窄，均错。选项D显然不合题意。

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