精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
8.To Apologize or Not to Apologize
Why difficult?
When we do wrong to someone we know,even not(41)B,we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation.But when we're acting as leaders,the circumstance are(42)D.The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the(43)Abut also at the level of the institution.It is a performance in which every word or expression(44)B,as they become part of the public record.Refusing to apologize can be smart,or it can be stupid.So,readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.
Why now?
The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more(45)A.During the last decade or so,the United States in particular has developed an apology culture--apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more(46)Cthan before.More  newspaper writers  have  written  about  the  growing  importance  of(47)D-apologies.Meanwhile,more and more articles,advice colums,and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of(48)Capologies.Although they are not carried out in the public places,we can't neglect the importance of this performance.
Why(49)A?
Why do we apologize?Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult,embarrassing,and even risky?Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target for(50)B.They are expected to appear strong and capable.And whether they make public statements of any kind,their individual and institutional reputations are in danger.Clearly,then,leaders should not apologize often.For a leader to express apology,there needs to be a strong(51)C.Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so
Why refuse?
Why is it that leaders so often try every means to(52)Dapologies,even when a public apology seems to be in order?Their reasons can be individual or institutional.Because leaders are public figures,their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even(53)Brisky.Apologies can be signals for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be an indication of job insecurity.Leaders may also be afraid that(54)Bof a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible.There can be good reasons for hanging tough (硬撑)in tough situation,as we shall see,but it is a high-risk(55)D.
41.A.immediatelyB.intentionallyC.occasionallyD.accidentally
42.A.simpleB.ridiculousC.abnormalD.different
43.A.individualB.companyC.familyD.society
44.A.conflictsB.mattersC.appealsD.deceives
45.A.urgentB.riskyC.boringD.simple
46.A.interestedlyB.patientlyC.frequentlyD.hopefully
47.A.faithfulB.reliableC.confusingD.public
48.A.sincereB.acceptableC.privateD.positive
49.A.botherB.reduceC.regretD.ignore
50.A.promotionB.criticismC.appreciationD.identification
51.A.personallyB.willC.reasonD.desire
52.A.attemptB.involveC.commitD.avoid
53.A.politicallyB.professionallyC.academicallyD.physically
54.A.avoidanceB.admissionC.involvementD.elimination
55.A.fulfillmentB.statementC.occupationD.strategy

分析 本文为社会生活类说明文;文章主要就作为领导道歉进行分析;首先,作者分析了为什么对领导来说道歉困难,因为领导道歉还要代表机构层面;其次,作者分析了道歉的紧迫性;因为过错性的行为比以往任何时候更频繁,在美国已经形成了道歉文化;第三,作者分析了道歉是否必要;道歉会影响个人和机构的声誉,领导不能经常道歉,除非有重要的原因;第四,作者分析了作为领导为什么拒绝道歉,因为道歉意味着承认错误,这会对他们的职业和他所服务的机构造成损害.

解答 41-45   BDABA  46-50 CDCAB  51-55 CDBBD
41.答案是B.本题考查语境中副词的选择.A.immediately 立即B.intentionally有意地 C.occasionally偶然地 D.accidentally意外地;根据句意,当我们对认识的人不公正地对待,甚至不是"有意"地,我们都应该道歉.故选B.
42.答案是D.本题考查语境中形容词的选择.A.simple 简单的B.ridiculous荒唐的 C.abnormal 不正常的D.different不同的;根据语境,我们不公正地对待他人应该道歉,但是当我们是领导时,情况就"不同"了,由but判断前后对照,故选D. 
43.答案是A.本题考查语境中名词的选择.A.individual 个人B.company 公司C.family 家庭D.society 社会;根据语境,作为领导,道歉就不仅仅是"个人"层面上的,而且是代表某个机构,与institution(机构)相对应的是"个人",故选A.
44.答案是B.本题考查语境中动词的选择.A.conflicts 冲突B.matters重要,要紧 C.appeals呼吁,有吸引力 D.deceives 欺骗;根据语境可知,作为领导,道歉时每个词句都很"重要",故选B.
45.答案是A.本题考查语境中形容词的选择.A.urgent紧迫的 B.risky高风险的 C.boring 令人厌倦的D.simple简单的;由本段的小标题Why now?推断作者建议现在就道歉,说明"紧迫性",故答案是A.
46.答案是C.本题考查语境中副词的选择.A.interestedly感兴趣地 B.patiently 耐心地C.frequently频繁地 D.hopefully充满希望地;题干中的"has developed an apology-culture 形成了道歉的文化"和"apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of 各种各样的道歉以及为各种各样的错误行为道歉"说明了道歉的"频繁",故选C.
47.答案是D.本题考查语境中形容词的选择.A.faithful 忠诚的B.reliable可信赖的 C.confusing 令人困惑的D.public 公开的;根据语境可知,meanwhile(同时)连接了两个对照的情况,meanwhile上文讲述的是"公开"道歉的必要性;下文讲述的是私下道歉的必要性,故答案是D.
48.答案是C.本题考查语境中形容词的选择.A.sincere 真诚的B.acceptable 可接受的C.private 私下的D.positive 积极的;根据语境,meanwhile下文讲述的是私下道歉的必要性,故答案是C.
49.答案是A.本题考查语境中动词的选择.A.bother麻烦 B.reduce减少 C.regret 后悔D.ignore忽视;本题为小标题中的动词,根据下文语境"Why do we apologize为什么要道歉"推断,该部分分析道歉的必要性,即"为什么麻烦(去道歉)",故选A.
50答案是B.本题考查语境中名词的选择.A.promotion促销,晋升 B.criticism 批评C.appreciation欣赏,感激 D.identification 身份;根据语境和常识判断,领导道歉很容易会成为"批评"的目标,故选B.
51.答案是C.本题考查语境中名词的选择.A.personality个性 B.will 意愿C.reason 原谅D.desire 渴望;根据上文语境,作者认为领导不应该经常道歉;他们道歉需要有重要的"原因",故选C.
52.答案是D.本题考查语境中动词的选择.A.attempt 试图,企图B.involve卷入,参与 C.commit 致力于,做错事D.avoid 避免;由该部分的小标题"Why refuse"推断领导常常会尽力"避免"道歉,故选D.
53.答案是B.本题考查语境中副词的选择.A.politically 政治上B.professionally 职业上C.academically 学术上D.physically 身体上;根据语境和常识判断,领导是公众人们,道歉会对他们的"职业"造成危害,故选B.
54.答案是B.本题考查语境中名词的选择.A.avoidance 避免B.admission承认 C.involvement 卷入,参与D.elimination 消除;根据语境和常识判断,领导也害怕"承认"错误,故选B.
55.答案是D.本题考查语境中名词的选择.A.fulfillment实现B.statement 陈述,声明C.occupation 职业,占据D.strategy 策略;根据句意,道歉是高风险的"策略",所以领导完全有理由在艰难的情况下硬撑;故选D.

点评 选词填空类完形旨在考查考生对英语词汇的把握和在语篇中的综合运用能力、阅读理解能力.解答此类题,首先要浏览所给词汇,对这些词汇的意义、词性有一个初步的了解,然后在通读全文,了解文章大意的基础上进行试填;答完后再通读一篇文章,确保语句通顺,语意连贯.

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

20.If you've not heard that the decade-old princess-culture is causing problems-especially if you're a parent-you must be actively working to avoid it.
The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls.
"I think parents think that the Disney princess culture is safe.That's the word I hear time and time again-it's safe."Lead study author Sarah M.Coyne of the Mormon institution in Utah noted in a press release."But if we're fully jumping in here and really embracing (accepting) it,parents should really consider the long-term impact of the princess culture."
So,what's the problem this time around?Same as always,confirmed the study,published in the journal Child Development,which involved the assessment of 198 preschoolers:Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical(性别定性)behavior as well as self-critical body image.
The strict gender stereotypes can hold girls back."They feel like they can't do some things,"Coyne said,"They're not as confident that they can do well in math and science.They don't like getting dirty,so they're less likely to try and experiment with things."
On the other hand,"Disney princesses represent some of the first examples of exposure to the thin ideal,"Coyne said."As women,we get it our whole lives,and it really does start at the Disney princess level,at age 3 and 4."
So,what should a parent do?Try his or her best to avoid all princesses for the entire of a girl's childhood?I'd say,have moderation in all things,have your kids involved in all sorts of activities,and just have princesses be one of many,many things that they like to do and engage with."Coyne suggested."This study has changed the way I talk to my daughter,the things I focus on,and it's been really good for me as a parent to learn from this study,"Coyne said."I usually can't say that my research findings have such a personal impact on my life."

25.What do we know about the study?A
A.It proved that the Disney princess obsession is harmful.
B.Sarah M.Coyne is the first one to do the research.
C.It started a heated discussion among people.
D.It suggested watching TV programmes of I lie Disney is safe.
26.How many problems can the Disney princess culture cause according to the study?B
A.One B.Two C.Three D.Four
27.What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 6 refer to?C
A.the Disney princess culture
B.the idea that girls can't do some things
C.The idea that girls should be thin
D.The problem the Disney culture causes
28 What advice does Coyne give to parents?D
A.Actively work on the old princess culture.
B.Change their way they talk to their daughter.
C.Avoid girls to watch any princesses.
D.Have girls involved in all kinds of activities.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:词汇应用

1.做充分的准备make adequate preparations.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

16.Tom tasted themixture(mix) of sugar and salt which made him feel terrible.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

3.Attitude is amental state relative to what we believe and affects our entire lives.We express our attitude in our words and actions.
One of the most important steps you can take toward achieving your greatest potential in life is to learn to monitor your attitude and its impact on your work performance,relationships and everyone around you.
In truth,people generally don't have a high level of attitude awareness.They'll know if they are hungry or if their feet hurt,but they usually don't have a good handle on their attitude.That is a mistake because attitude decides everything.It governs the way you perceive(感知) the world and the way the world perceives you.
We all have a choice.We can choose an inner dialogue or self  encouragement and self  motivation.It's a power we all have.Each of us experiences hard times,hurt feelings,heartache,and physical and emotional pain.The key is to realize it's not what happens to you that matters;it's how you choose to respond.
Your mind is a computer that can be programmed.Your inner dialogue is the software that programs your attitude,which determines how you present yourself to the world around you.You have control over the programming.Whatever you put into it is reflected in what comes out.The sad reality of life is that we will continue to hear negative information,but we don't have to program it into our brains.
The loudest and most influential voice you hear is your own inner voice.It can work for or against you,depending on the messages you allow.It can be optimistic or pessimistic(悲观的).It can wear you down or cheer you up.
Habitual badattitudes are often the product of past experiences and events.Common causes include low self  esteem,stress,fear,resentment,anger and an inability to handle changes.It takes serious work to examine the roots of a harmful attitude,but the rewards of ridding ourselves of this heavy baggage can last a lifetime.
Here are several strategies to improve your attitude:
Enthusiasm-Vital Tool for Staying Motivated
Enthusiasm is to attitude what breathing is to life.Enthusiasm makes it possible for you to apply your gifts more effectively.Enthusiasm means putting yourself in motion.It's an internal spirit that speaks through your actions.
Lighten Up Your Life with Humor
Humor isHYPERLINK"http://www.21cnjy.com"a powerful motivator.The more humor and laughter in your life,the less stress youll have,which means more positive energy to help you put your attitude into action.There are also health benefits to lightening up.
Exercising Will Help Keep You Motivated
One of the best ways to move to a more positive and motivated mind is to exercise.A regular exercise routine can provide relatively quick positive feedback in the form of weight loss,muscle development and a sense of doing something positive for yourself.Seek your personal and professional success by using the tools above.It is no secret that life seems to reward us most when we approach the world with a positive attitude.
Title:Your Attitude Decides Everything
What do you know about attitude?Attitude is a way that you think or feel about something.
We express our attitude by (71)speaking/talkingand behaving.
Why is attitude (72)important/vital/significant?You can reach your full potential in life by monitoring your attitude and its influence.
Attitude determines (73)howyou and the world perceive each other.
 
 
 
What affects your attitude?
 
 
The way that you chose to (74)react/respondto such problems as physical and emotional pain.
Your inner dialogue,which should be filled with only (75)positiveinformation.
Your own inner voice,which gives you the greatest(76)influence/impact.
The roots of a harmful attitude that you should get (77)ridof.
How can you improve your
attitude?
Having enthsiasm,which(78)enables/allows/helpsyou to apply your talents more effectively.
Filling your life with humor and laughter,which will do (79)goodto your health.
(80)Workingout regularly,which will keep you motivated.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

13._____ writing the article,the author forgot that he had a meeting to attend.(  )
A.Absorbed inB.Absorbing in
C.To absorb inD.Having absorbed by

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:词汇应用

20.We have not estimated (估计,估算) the proper price for the contract yet.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

17.After so long a walk,the little girl was too __________ any further.(  )
A.tiring to goB.tiring of goingC.tired to goD.tired of going

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:短文改错

18.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
I first met Li Meng at a friend birthday party five years ago.Then I invited Li Meng over in my place.We listen to my CDs together and soon became good friends.Three years ago,Li Meng's parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday.Li Meng and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there.Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week.Li Meng came see me every day.Then,her father has changed jobs and they moved to another city.Since then we haven't see each other much,but we've kept writing to each other.

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案