阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A successful scientist is generally a good observer who 1. (make) full use of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas not 2. (base) on obvious facts, and he refuses to accept authority (权威) 3. the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas carefully and carries out experiments 4. (prove) them.
Galileo, however, 5. lived between 1564 and 1642, was 6. (great) of the great men. Before him, 7. (learn) men believed that larger bodies fell more 8. _(quick) towards the earth than smaller ones. But Galileo, going to the top of the leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two solid stones and proved it was wrong. It is his spirit 9. has led _10. all the discoveries of modern science.
寒假学与练系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2016届天津市高三“五校”联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
The dog ____attacked passers-by and therefore was kept on a chain by the owner.
A. eventually B. fortunately
C. frequently D. similarly
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖南岳阳一中高一上学期期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Have you ever heard the old saying, “Never judge a book by its cover.”? This is a good rule to follow when trying to judge the intelligence of others. Some people have minds that shine only in certain situations. A young man with an unusual talent in writing may find himself speechless before a pretty girl when he speaks. He may not be able to find the right words. But don’t make the mistake of thinking him stupid. With a pen and paper, he can express himself better than anybody else.
Other people may fool you into overestimating(过高估计) their intelligence by putting up a good front. A student who listens attentively and takes notes in class is bound to (一定会) make a favorable impression on his teachers. But when it comes to exams, he may score near the bottom of the class.
In a word, you can’t judge someone by appearance. The only way to determine a person’s intelligence is to get to know him. Then you can see how he reacts to different situations. The more situations you see, the better your judgment is likely to be. So take your time. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
1.The passage suggests that ______.
A. a speechless person always writes well
B. a good writer may not be a good speaker
C. a good writer is always a good speaker
D. a good writer will find himself speechless
2.According to this passage, a student who listens attentively and takes notes in class ______.
A. is an intelligent student
B. will not be a good student
C. will score best in exams
D. may not be an intelligent student
3.The passage suggests that we should judge a person’s intelligence through ______.
A. his teachers
B. his behavior in the classroom
C. his reactions to different situations
D. his appearance
4.The writer of this passage wants to tell us not to______.
A. judge a book by its cover
B. make the mistake of thinking a young man stupid
C. overestimate a student’s intelligence
D. judge a person’s intelligence by his appearance
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年福建师大附中高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Everyone has good days and bad days.
Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem (自尊) is the key to success. Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable or more upset when you fail at something.
“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist (心理学家) at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”
Feeling good
Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about yourself.
Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.
He believes that violent and wicked (邪恶的) people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said: “There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”
Problems
All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos (自我) that can make them less likeable to their peers(同龄人), said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.
People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, Vohs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
What to do
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail at something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy (药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”
1.The new research comes to the conclusion that high self-esteem ________.
A. is not important at all
B. may not be the key to success
C. has taken on a different meaning
D. does not help you do better at school
2.One of the conclusions of the new research is that ________.
A. people with high esteem tend to be proud
B. people with high esteem usually do not seek other’s help
C. feeling good about oneself doesn’t mean you lead a happier life
D. people with low esteem are often more popular
3.The underlined part “a better person” in the passage probably means a person who is ______.
A. helpful and supportive B. gentle and modest
C. likable and successful D. friendly and kind
4.From the text, we can infer the best therapy mentioned in the last paragraph is mainly for people ________.
A. of all kinds
B. with low self-esteem
C. with high self-estee
D. who are focusing on building self-esteem
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届吉林吉林大学附中高三上学期摸底1英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Climbing Mount Everest, the world’s highest mountain, just became more challenging. The government of Nepal is telling climbers they cannot leave rubbish on the trails (山径). Each climber will have to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. That’s the average amount of rubbish a climber leaves behind on Everest.
Officials say climbers are responsible for their own rubbish. “We are not asking climbers to pick up rubbish left by someone else,” said Maddhu Sudan Burlakoti, who works for the Nepal Tourism Ministry. “We just want them to bring back what they took up.”
More than 4,000 people have reached the 29,035-foot mountain top in the past 60 years. Leaving rubbish along the way helps climbers keep their bags light so they have energy to reach the top. “The rubbish problem in Mount Everest is not new,” Burlakoti says. “When the people started to climb the mountain, they started to leave their garbage there.” They have left behind cans, tents, food wrappers, and equipment. Last year, climbers carried down a total of four tons of rubbish.
The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to deposit money before the climb. Once they climb back down the mountain, officials will check climbers at a return camp to make sure they have the required 18 pounds of rubbish. If they do, their money will be returned to them. If they do not, climbers will not receive their deposit and they will not be given a permit the next time they want to climb Everest.
The goal is to make sure no more litter will be left on Everest, which has earned the nickname (绰号) the World’s Highest Dustbin. “As we offer Mount Everest to all the people of the world they should take responsibility to clean it,” Burlakoti says, “After seeing the results from this, we will extend this rule to other mountains also.”
1.What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. Mount Everest is suffering white pollution.
B. A new rule was made to punish climbers.
C. Climbers were asked to clean up after themselves.
D. Mountains of garbage are left behind by climbers.
2.Why was a new rule made?
A. The rubbish problem there suddenly became serious.
B. Mount Everest was considered to be a big dustbin.
C. Climbers produced four tons of rubbish last year.
D. The number of climbers there was beyond control.
3.We can learn from Paragraph 4 that _____.
A. the new rule was once discussed in April of 2014
B. those who deposit money first will not be punished
C. all climbers are advised to take rubbish down
D. measures are taken to make sure the rule is followed
4.What can be inferred from what Burlakoti says?
A. The rule is being successfully carried out.
B. The rule is not effective as expected.
C. The effect of the rule remains to be seen.
D. The rule will be applied to other mountains.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山西忻州第一中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A group of graduates, successful in their careers, got together to visit their old university professor．Conversation soon turned into complaints about stress in work and life．
Before offering his guests coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and returned with a large pot of coffee and a variety of cups — porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some plain looking and cheap, some extremely expensive — telling them to help themselves to the coffee．
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said: "If you noticed, all the nice looking expensive cups were taken up, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones．While it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the source of your problems and stress．The fact is that the cup itself adds no quality to the coffee．In most cases it is just more expensive and in some cases even hides what we drink．What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you consciously(有意识地） went for the best cups．．．And then you began eyeing each other's cups．
Now consider this: Life is the coffee; the jobs, money and position in society are the cups．They are just tools to hold and contain Life, and the type of cup we have does not change the quality of life we live．Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee God has provided us．"God makes the coffee, not the cups．Enjoy your coffee!"The happiest people don't have the best of everything．They just make the best of everything．"
Live simply．Love generously．Care deeply．Speak kindly．Leave the rest to God．
1.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．the nice-looking cup .
B．the ordinary-looking cup .
C．the coffee of good quality .
D．the coffee of poor quality.
2.Why did the professor offer his students coffee with varieties of cups?
A．To give his students many more choices．
B．To teach his students how to enjoy coffee．
C To tell his students the right attitude to life
D．To show the students his collection of cups．
3.According to the professor, the happiest people are the ones who _____．
A．get the best type of coffee cups
B．care about social status and wealth
C．have a wide range of coffee cups
D．make the best of what they have
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届宁夏银川第二中学高三上学期统练一英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression(临床抑郁症). That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.
Doctors use the word clinical depression to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.
In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters（仓鼠）to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night. The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light. After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.
Randy Nelson, at Ohio State University, says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn’t show any sleep interruptions at all but they did mess up biological clock (生物钟) genes and they did show depressive sign but if they were in the dim red light, they did not.” He says there’s a lot of blue in white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness.
1. From the text we know that ________ made the hamster feel depressed.
A. the amount of the water
B. the colour of the light
C. the loss of pleasure
D. the level of energy
2.What was the purpose of the experiment on hamsters?
A. To show how well they slept.
B. To see how much sugary water they drank.
C. To explain why they liked dark colours.
D. To find out what caused the depression on them.
3. The author explains the clinical depression by _________.
A. reporting an experiment process
B. presenting research data
C. setting down general rules
D. giving his own experience
4.Where can we probably find the text?
A. In a science magazine.
B. In a physics textbook
C. In a tourist guidebook.
D. In an official announcement.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年安徽安庆一中高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money.___ 1.__so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
1. The basic function of money
Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It’s important to show your child how money is traded for the thing he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier .__ 2._____when your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
2. Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. ___3.___ .If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say. “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
3. __4.___
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品),for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. __5.___ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.
A. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you
B. Permit the child to choose between them
C. The value of money
D. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest
E. Wise decisions
F. Tell your child why he can ---or cannot---have certain things
G. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年辽宁省朝阳市三校协作体高三一模考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Homestay UK/Great Britain
Here you will find a selection of homestay hosts and host families in the UK．If you want to learn more about the British host family of your choice, please click on information at www．Homestaybooking．Com．You will then see a personal introduction of the UK homestay host．If you don’t want to search yourself, just register for free and receive our matching recommendations．
Chika and Tara from London, the United Kingdom
Information about the homestay host
Chika is 28 years old．She is away from home most of the time．Tara is 18 years old．She is at home every day．They both speak English．
Chika and Tara’s guests can stay for at least 5 nights and up to a maximum of 365 nights．Chika and Tara have no children living at home．It is a non-smoking residence(住宅)．No pets live in this household．
Information about the homestay accommodation
The accommodation is in London．The name of the neighborhood is Greenwich．The distance to the city center is 1．6km．The next access point to public transport is at 15 m distance．
Three guests can stay in Tara and Chika’s house at the same time．The following accommodation is generally available:
Single room with shared use of the family bathroom
*Size: 12．0 ㎡
*Facilities: desk, Internet access, mirror, hairdryer and wardrobe(衣橱)
*Price per night per person: ￡20．00 per night(one single)
Twin room with shared use of the family bathroom
*Size: 15．0 ㎡
*Facilities: TV, desk, Internet access, mirror, hairdryer and wordrobe
*Price per night per person:
￡20．00 per night(one guest)
￡17．00 per night(two guests)
The room charge includes the following services: Internet access, regular room cleaning, breakfast, free use of the washing machine．
Additional available service at an extra charge: Pick-up service(￡60．00 one-way); Lunch(￡6．00 per person per day); Dinner(￡6．00 per person per night)
Vegetarian(素食的) meals are available．
1.Chika and Tara’s house would be a good choice for _______．
A． a pet lover
B． a heavy smoker
C． a person who eats no meat
D． one who needs a one-night stay
2.What do we know about Chika and Tara’s house?
A． It lies in the center of the city．
B． It is not far away from Greenwich．
C． Public transport is convenient there．
D． The distance from the house to London is 1．6 km．
3.If Mary chooses a twin room and pick-up service(two-way), how much should she pay per day?
A． ￡140． B． ￡137． C． ￡80． D． ￡77
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