Question

【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 【1】 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 【2】

Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 【3】 One is the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. 【4】 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 【5】

A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.

D.However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F.In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】G

【4】E

【5】A

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理的说明文。虽然看似有很多专业术语，但是根据我们常说的“之路词”，以及对上下文的推理，其实要做出正确答案并不难，可谓是难度中等。文章第一段描述了business的两个含义：一是提供顾客所要商品和服务的方法；而是提供这些商品和服务的组织。文章第二段则细述了商务管理是用来描述计划、指导以及控制公司运作技巧的术语，并在下文中对这三方面进行了一一阐述。

【1】D根据后文Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers可知：被普遍认为是非营利组织。所以，上文应该与其内容一致。D项：然而，一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用。这说明它们不赚钱。这与后文内容相符。此处however也是关键词，其前讲得是盈利活动，其后是非盈利公司活动。

【2】C前文提到非盈利公司，下文举例说明哪些是非盈利组织。故选C。

【3】G第二段的第一句是总述，接下来从三方面进行分述the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business。按顺序先说planning。故选G。

【4】E根据上文“经营管理计划有三个方面”可知，这里谈得是第二方面。下文是The third. . . 。故选E。

【5】A根据前文可知三个方面讲了两个方面了，接下来是第三个方面。即control of the operations of a business。故选A。

【名师点拨】

在做七选五时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。比如第16小题，D根据后文Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers可知：被普遍认为是非营利组织。所以，上文应该与其内容一致。D项：然而，一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用。这说明它们不赚钱。这与后文内容相符。此处however也是关键词，其前讲得是盈利活动，其后是非盈利公司活动。