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【题目】When I first began excavating(挖掘)I went to a site 1 had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers. I quickly learned there was an important 2(divide) of labor on “digs”. Those who were 3(skill) at drawing did the plans of the site and 4 rest had to move vast quantities of soil. As I looked ahead, I realized that I would get very 5(tire) if I moved soil all day. so I decided to join the group drawing plans. 6(lucky) for me, a spear was found in my section of “dig”. I 7(tell) to draw it in a systematic way on squared mathematical paper. No matter how much I wrinkled my forehead and concentrated, I could not get it right. Later the section leader handed me a small hammer and asked me to remove the soil 8(stick) around a metal box. What I finally exposed was a rare Roman necklace in it, I felt dizzy with excitement. After that I never mind 9(move) soil—after all you never knew 10 you might find in it.

【答案】

1which/that

2division

3skillful/skilful/skilled

4the

5tired

6Luckily

7was told

8stuck

9moving

10what

【解析】

本文属于记叙文,讲述作者第一次参与遗址的发掘发现有着不同的分工,作者因为不能胜任临摹文物的工作,只能去清理文物上的泥土,但是作者并不介意。

1考查定语从句。句意:我第一次开始从事发掘时,我去了一个遗址,里面全是公元前200年到公元43年的罗马士兵。分析句子可知,had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers.为限制性定语从句修饰先行词site,而从句缺乏主语,故用关系代词that或者which。

2考查名词。句意:很快我学到了发掘有很重要的劳动分工。根据本句important为形容词做定语修饰名词,故用division。

3考查形容词。句意:那些擅长画画的人就做对遗址的计划,而剩下的人则搬运泥土。本句为短语be skilful at或者be skilled at方面有技巧,故用skillful或者skilful,或者skilled。注意skill的形容词为skilful或者skillful。

4考查定冠词。句意:那些擅长画画的人就做对遗址的计划,而剩下的人则搬运泥土。根据语境可知,发掘遗址有两种分工,除了规划的人,剩余的人搬运泥土,故用定冠词the。

5考查形容词。句意:我朝前看了一下,发现如果整天搬运泥土的话,我很非常疲惫。Get为系动词,后接形容词,故用tired。

6考查副词。句意:幸运的是,在我发掘的区域,发现了一只矛。分析句子,lucky作评注性状语修饰整个句子,故用其副词形式luckily。

7考查动词时态和语态。句意:我被告知需要在一张正方形的纸上系统性的把这只矛临摹下来。分析句子可知,该句缺乏谓语,故tell作谓语,与其主语I为动宾关系,用被动语态,本文讲述过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态was told。

8考查动词非谓语。句意:后来项目组长递给我一把锤子,叫我清除一个金属盒子间的泥土。分析句子可知,stick作后置定语修饰名词soil,与其逻辑主语soil为动宾关系,故用其过去分词stuck。

9考查动词非谓语形式。句意:那以后,我就不介意清除泥土了,因为你不知道泥土里藏着什么东西。本句为mind 的用法mind doing sth介意做某事,故用moving。

10考查名词性从句。句意:那以后,我就不介意清除泥土了,因为你不知道泥土里藏着什么东西。分析句子可知,you might find in it作knew的宾语,而从句中缺乏find 的宾语,故用连接代词what。

关于非谓语动词的解题技巧。非谓语动词是高中英语的重点,也是难点,掌握其基本知识和基本技巧,那么这类题还是可以做的。首先,了解非谓语的三种基本形式及其意义,to do表示要做,与谓语动词同时进行或者后于谓语动词动作,doing表主动,与谓语动词动作同时进行,done表示被动和完成;其次,关于做题技巧和步骤,先分析句子的成分和结构,确定句子的主语、谓语以及宾语,之后,确定涉及的动词不是做谓语,那么只能作非谓语,分析该动词与其逻辑主语的逻辑关系,若为主谓关系,则为主动,如是动宾关系,则是被动,然后在分析该动词与谓语动词动作的先后顺序,先于谓语动词动作,则用完成式,比如to have done,having done,如果同时进行,则用doing,或者to be doing,后于谓语动词,则用to do,最后需注意个别不及物动词,没有过去分词形式,比如belong。

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