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14.Raising Confident Kids
Self-esteem(自尊) is a collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves.Having a healthy self-esteem can protect us through difficult times and help us remain focused on what is important to us.Research shows that children with high self-esteem grow up to be more confident adults.Self-esteem building should start from young.(36)F
Praise actions
Young children need feedback.It's how they measure their actions and it plays a role in learning from experience.Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process.(37)D.
Identify strengths
Preschoolers are always watching each other.On the bright side,they learn new things from each other.On the other side,they can become self-critical when they see a peer accomplishing something they still struggle to do.(38)ETell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw comparisons.
Foster(培养) a sense of belonging
Young children may not understand how peer pressure (同龄人的压力) works,but they feel it when they're being excluded(排除).Show your children that they are important by listening to and responding to their needs and ideas.As much as possible,save grown-up conversations for later so that you can have family conversations. (39)C
(40)AAs much as they need us,they also need to work on taking small steps towards independence.When they know they can do things,they feel more confident.Teach problem-solving skills.Step aside and let them work on challenges before jumping in to help.Help by asking,"How can we do this in a different way?Let's come up with some ideas together."Getting kids involved in problem-solving teaches them how to deal with challenges in the future.
Building and maintaining healthy self-esteem can be a lifelong process,but the sooner you start,the more confident your children will become.

A.Encourage Independence
B.Spend quality time with children
C.Try to address their concerns as they arise,no matter how minor.
D.If praise is only attached to success,kids will focus on"winning".
E.Be sure to point out your children's strengths regularly and be specific.
F.Below are some tips to help you promote your children's self-esteem.
G.Each parent has the responsibility to help children to become confident.

分析 本文是一篇议论文,自信心能帮助我们度过困难,帮助我们关注重要的东西.有自信的孩子长大后更有可能成为有自信的成年人.文章主要阐述了培养孩子自信心地建议:经常表扬孩子;经常指出孩子的优点;培养孩子的归属感;鼓励孩子学会独立.

解答 36.F  根据第一段中的"Self-esteem building should start from young."可知,下要讲的是可以提升孩子自信心的具体建议.故选F.
37.D  根据第二段中的"Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process."可知,如果表扬孩子们在过程中的行动和努力,如果表扬只是因为最后成功这一结果,孩子们会专注于"成功"这一结果的,故选D.
38.E  根据下文第三段中的"Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw comparisons."可知,要确保经常指出孩子的优点而且要说得明确具体,故选E.
39.C  根据第四段中的"Young children may not understand how peer pressure (同龄人的压力) works,but they feel it when they're being excluded(排除)."可知,当孩子开始遇到问题,该如何去做.即一旦发现他们有担心的事情,不管有多渺小都要尽力.故选C.
40.A 根据第五段中的"As much as they need us,they also need to work on taking small steps towards independence."可知,要鼓励孩子学会独立.故选A.

点评 本题考查信息匹配.解答此类题目应该遵循以下步骤:先阅读匹配对象,然后带着匹配对象中的关键信息阅读前面的信息材料,阅读材料时可用笔划出关键点,以引起注意,便于记忆和理顺思路,已选用的选项可用笔表明,以排除干扰,减轻大脑负担,提高答题速度和正确率,最后锁定答案.

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