练习册

  • 练习册
  • 试题
    精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
    With the development of society and economy, animals and their habitats are getting pushed aside as households decrease in size and increase in number.
    Small numbers of people per household on average use more energy and goods per person. Greater numbers of households require more natural resources for construction. The possible result of this problem may be insufficient natural resources to meet consumer demand without endangering habitats important to biodiversity.
    Personal freedom and social choice may come at huge environmental cost. Direct costs include visible damage to animal habitats and plant life. Indirect costs include the release of more greenhouse gases.
    The effects of such “personal freedom and social choice” have already surfaced in south-west China’s Wolong Nature Reserve. In Wolong, they found that a reduced average household size was directly tied to an increase in homes, and thus an increase in the amount of firewood consumed for cooking and heating. The rise in wood fuel use has contributed to disappearance of forests and to the loss of habitats for giant pandas. 
    Curious about whether other parts of the world were experiencing similar phenomena, they got the support of a team of researchers including Stanford’s Paul Ehrlich, well-known for his population studies, to find out the household dynamics in 141 countries between 1985 and 2000. Their study proved that the difficult choice of Wolong is part of a global trend.
    In the 76 countries considered biodiversity “hotspots”, such as the United States, Brazil, Australia, and Kenya, the number of households grew by 3.1% every year, while the population increased just 1.8%. Meanwhile, the number of people per home dropped from 4.7 to 4.0. The decline in household size has resulted in 155 million additional households in hotspot countries, almost always limiting biodiversity.
    In the 10 non-hotspot countries — those without high-density areas of animal and plant species — similar results were found, though on a lesser scale. Even in countries experiencing population decline, such as New Zealand, the number of households still increased because of a reduction in household size.
    小题1:What does the underlined word “insufficient” mean?
    A．Plenty of.B．Not enough.C．Abundant.D．Little.
    小题2:It can be learned from the passage that China’s Wolong Nature Reserve_____
    A．is facing the same threat as many other parts of the world
    B．sets a good example in protecting animals
    C．is a place where giant pandas and their habitats are not affected
    D．is a place where animals and their habitats are seriously damaged
    小题3:Which of the following is best supported by the last two paragraphs?
    A．Biodiversity is better kept in countries with smaller populations.
    B．Biodiversity is better kept in hotspot countries.
    C．The threat to nature from reduction in household size is a worldwide problem.
    D．Both hotspot countries and non-hotspot countries face the threat of the same scale.
    小题4: What does the passage mainly talk about?
    A．Reduced household size leads to an increase in household number.
    B．Modern homes consume more natural resources.
    C．How to meet consumer demand without endangering animals and their habitats.
    D．Reduction in household size as well as increase in household number threatens nature.

    小题1:B
    小题1:A
    小题1:C
    小题1:D
    略
    练习册系列答案
    年级 高中课程 年级 初中课程
    高一 高一免费课程推荐！ 初一 初一免费课程推荐！
    高二 高二免费课程推荐！ 初二 初二免费课程推荐！
    高三 高三免费课程推荐！ 初三 初三免费课程推荐！
    相关习题

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The Internet will open up new vistas (前景), create the global village——you can make new friends all around the world. That, at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationships with more than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the Internet tries to put you in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.
    The problem is twofold（双重的）. First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.
    This is not, of course, to say that the Internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.
    In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The Internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually.
    小题1:The number of friends we can keep relationships with is decided by__________.
    A．the InternetB．the time we haveC．the place we liveD．the mind
    小题2:The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “__________”.
    A．appointmentB．connectionC．interviewD．agreement
    小题3:The author holds the view that___________.
    A．the Internet helps to keep in touch with friends far away
    B．the Internet determines the quality of social relationships
    C．the Internet greatly increases the size of social circles
    D．the Internet is of no value in social communication
    小题4:What will the author encourage us to do?
    A．To keep in touch with old friends when we have moved away.
    B．To chat with friends often on the Internet.
    C．To make more new friends face to face.
    D．To stop using the Internet to make new friends.
    小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the Internet to strengthen relationships?
    A．He thinks it uselessB．He is hopeful of it.
    C．He approves of it.D．He doubts it.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    PALO ALTO, California------"Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter------ even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise," US researchers said last week.
    　　A study of 192 third and fourth graders, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds(0.9kg) less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.
    　　"The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity," said Thomas Robinson, a pediatrician(儿科专家) at Stanford University.
    　　"American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing video games, and rates of childhood being very fat have doubled over the past 20 years," Robinson said.
    　　In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies‘ annual meeting in San Francisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.
    　　Children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continued their normal television viewing, even though neither group ate a special diet or took part in any extra exercise.
    　　"One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around more and burning off calories," Robinson said.
    　　"Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more," Robinson said.
    小题1:The author tries to tell us in the first two paragraphs that ________.
    A．children will get fatter if they eat too much
    B．children will get thinner if they eat less
    C．children will get fatter if they spend less time watching TV
    D．children will get fatter if they spend more time watching TV
    小题2:According to the passage, the time American children usually spend on watching TV_____.
    A．is more than four hours a dayB．is less than four hours a day
    C．doubled in the last twenty yearsD．is more than on any other activities
    小题3: The time children spend on TV viewing every day is suggested to be about ________.
    A．six hoursB．eight hoursC．three hoursD．one hour
    小题4:Which one of the following is right?
    A．Children usually eat fewer while watching TV.
    B．Children usually eat more while watching TV.
    C．Children eat the same amount of meals while watching TV.
    D．Children usually eat nothing while watching TV.
    小题5:Why can watching TV increase kids’ weight according to the passage?
    　　A. They usually eat more while watching TV.
    　　B. They burn off fewer calories.
    　　C. They change their diet while watching TV.
    D. Both A and B.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Social networking websites are causing alarming changes in the brains of young users, a famous scientist has warned．Sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Bebo are said to shorten attention spans （幅度）, encourage instant satisfaction and make children more self-centered．
    Warnings from neuroscientist （神经系统科学家） Susan Greenfield will disturb the millions whose social lives depend on surfing their favorite websites each day．But they will strike a chord （弦） with parents and teachers who complain that many teenagers lack the ability to communicate or concentrate away from their screens．
    More than 150 million use Facebook to keep in touch with friends, share photographs and videos and post regular updates of their movements and thoughts．A further six million have signed up to Twitter, the "micro-blogging" service that lets users exchange text messages about themselves．But while the sites are popular and extremely profitable, a growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists believe they may be doing more harm than good．
    Baroness Tarot, an Oxford University neuroscientist believes repeated exposure could rewire the brain．Computer games and fast-paced TV shows were also a factor, she said．"My fear is that these technologies are weakening the brain to the state of small children who are attracted by buzzing noises and bright lights, who have a small attention span and live for the moment．" "I often wonder whether real conversation in real time may eventually give way to these easier and faster screen dialogues, in much the same way as killing and butchering an animal to eat has been replaced by the convenience of packages on the supermarket shelf," she said．
    Psychologists have also argued that digital technology is changing the way we think．They point out that students no longer need to plan their term papers before starting to write—thanks to word processors they can edit as they go along．
    A study by the Broadcaster Audience Board found teenagers now spend seven and a half hours a day in front of a screen．Educational psychologist Jane Healy believes children should be kept away from computer games until they are seven．Most games only excite the "flight or fight" areas of the brain, rather than the areas responsible reasoning．
    Sue Palmer, author of Toxic Childhood, said: "We are seeing children's brain development damaged because they don't engage in the activity they have engaged in for thousands of years．I'm not against technology and computers．But before they start social networking, they need to learn to make real relationships with people．"
    小题1:.
    According to the passage, social networking websites might _____．
    A．make young users more selfish
    B．lengthen young users' attention span
    C．encourage young users constant satisfaction
    D．help young users communicate better with their families
    小题2:.
    A neuroscientist may worry that sites like Facebook may ______．
    A．help children learn to make real relationships with people in society
    B．encourage students not to plan their term papers before starting to write
    C．disturb those whose social lives depend on surfing their favorite websites
    D．make real conversation in real time give way to easier and faster screen dialogue
    小题3:.
    From the passage we can infer that _____．
    A．Baroness Tarot agrees websites cause small children's small attention span
    B．Jane Healy believes computer games can do good to children's reasoning
    C．Susan Greenfield's warnings have been brought to wide public attention
    D．Sue Palmer's book Toxic Childhood discusses the development of networking
    小题4:.
    What is the purpose of this passage?
    A．To tell us the conflict between neuroscientists and psychologists on websites．
    B．To present some negative opinions on social networking websites．
    C．To offer advice on the problem of brain damage caused by social networking．
    D．To analyse how social networking websites cause damage in the brains of teenagers．

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Along the rivet banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken，eats green 1eaves has the stomach of a cow and has claws(爪)on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river，an important feature(特征)for the safety of the young．It is called the hoatzin．
    In appearance，the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside．The head is small，with a large set of feathers on the top，bright
    eyes, and blue skin．Its nearest relatives are the common birds cuckoos．Its most striking feature，though，is only found in the young．
    Baby hoatzins have a claw on the 1eading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip．Using these four claws, together with the beak(喙)，they can climb about in the bushes,
    looking very much like primitive birds must have done．When the young hoatzins have 1earned to fly，they lose their claws．
    During the drier months between December and  March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds，but in April，when the rainy season begins，they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.
    小题1:What is the text mainly about?
    A．Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons．
    B．The relatives and enemies of hoatzins．
    C．Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon．
    D．The appearance and living habits of hoatzins．
    小题2:Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that——
    A．they look like young cuckoos
    B．they have claws on the wings
    C．they eat a lot like a cow
    D．they live on rivet banks
    小题3:What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?
    A．They had claws to help them climb．
    B．They could fly long distances．
    C．They had four wings like hoatzins．
    D．They had a head with long feathers on the top
    小题4:Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?
    A．To find more food．
    B．To protect themselves better
    C．To keep themselves warm．
    D．To produce their young．

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Sometimes children do not do what their parents tell them to do. When this happens, a parent tries to help the child to do the right thing. When this does not work, the parent usually punishes the child.
    There are many things that a parent can do. One thing that people have done is to spank (打屁股) the child. When a parent spanks a child, they will use their hand or a hard object to strike them on their bottom. This is meant to show the child that they have done something wrong.
    One parent remembers being spanked when he was a child. His parents used a wooden spoon. When he spanked his own children with his hand, he saw that he put a red mark on his child’s leg. He never did that again.
    One problem with spanking is that it teaches the child to hit someone when they do not like what the other person is doing. Another problem with spanking is that the parent is usually angry and can hit the child too hard. Sometimes parents will use spanking for everything and not try other ways to get the child to do the right thing.
    Many parents are not sure of what to do instead of spanking. Some people think that their religion tells them that spanking is okay. Some think that the law lets them do it. The courts (法院) say that parents have the right to teach their children how to behave.
    Other things should be tried before a parent decides to spank a child. Telling the child exactly what is wanted from them can be one thing. Giving a child more than one choice is another thing that can be tried. Getting down to the child’s level and taking a more child-friendly approach (方法) can help as well.
    小题1:According to the passage, when children do something wrong, one thing that parents usually do to punish them is to ________.
    A．strike them on the bottomB．try to help them do the right thing
    C．teach them what to doD．take them to court
    小题2: Which of the following is NOT the problem caused by spanking?
    A．It teaches the child to hit others when they offend（使人不快） him or her.
    B．The parent may get angry and hit the child too hard.
    C．Sometimes parents may use spanking for everything.
    D．It makes parents try other ways to make the child do right.
    小题3:Which of the following can best describe the writer’s attitude towards spanking?
    A．favorableB．indifferentC．interestedD．unfavorable
    小题4:From this passage, we can conclude that ________.
    A．Good children always do the right thing.
    B．Parents should try their best to avoid spanking their children.
    C．Parents have no choice but to spank their children when they do something wrong.
    D．Children can have more than one choice to avoid being spanked.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Attitude is one of the most important factors in determining success for all people．Successful people have one thing in common—an expectant （期待的） attitude of success．Most people begin each morning in neutral and react to events of the day．You can be one of the successful people in life by starting each day with a positive attitude, a gratitude for the opportunities you have, and an expectancy （期待） of the best for yourself．
    People tend to live up to expectations．We get out of life just about what we put into it．Our environment becomes a mirror of our spirit, our attitude, and expectations．If we set a great goal, we get great results．If we have a fair goal, we accomplish fair results, and if we have a poor goal, we accomplish poor results．The world will give you back what you expect, so expect the very best．Don't be defensive or doubtful．Nothing changes unless you do．Before you can do something, you've got to be something．Know that you have worth and value．Show that to the world．
    Treat everyone you come in contact with as the most important person in life．It will build self-esteem （自尊心）．Smile! You'll be rewarded with a returned smile．Don't react to others rudely．Forgive everyone who ever hurt you．Then, forgive yourself．Keep yourself healthy．Exercise．Eat a proper diet．Display an attitude of confidence．
    Develop these good habits and your expectancy will be rewarded by successes．This attitude will put you into that group of people who are truly successful, because you will know and understand how an expectant attitude enhances （提高） every aspect of your life．
    小题1:According to the author, we are likely to achieve success if we____．
    A．take a positive attitude
    B．hold on to our dreams
    C．have a good opportunity
    D．show gratitude every day
    小题2:We learn from Paragraph 2 that____．
    A．success mainly depends on your efforts
    B．our environment reflects what we think
    C．the greater our goal, the better results we will get
    D．it is our determination that decides our future
    小题3:Paragraph 3 tells us that____．
    A．building self-esteem is important
    B．we should treat everyone else fairly
    C．if treated kindly, others are friendly
    D．it makes good sense to forgive others
    小题4:The author's purpose of writing the text is to____．
    A．share his view point about life
    B．offer advice on confidence building
    C．suggest some ways to acquire success
    D．stress the importance of positive attitude

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Growing up the daughter of an outstanding educator, Andrea Peterson knew at a young age that
    she wanted to serve others. It was with this mindset that she started to take a degree in medicine. However ,while visiting her brothers who were away at college studying music education, she realized that she too was drawn to teach music.
    In her ten years at Granite Falls, she has revitalized（复兴） the music programs at both the
    elementary and high school levels, to the extent that an additional music teacher was hired by the district to assist with the workload. The growth of the music program in Granite Falls School District has encouraged students to participate in county ,state ,and national music competitions, and won a lot of prizes for the district.
    Teaching music is only part of Peterson's instruction—it serves as a vehicle to other areas .
    "Music is an amazing tool to unlock students' potential. The most visible benefit from their success in music is their increased confidence and self-esteem," Peterson said. "However, I don't believe it is the only benefit, nor the most powerful. It is truly exciting to see how my music teaching can transfer back to other classrooms." With this philosophy, Peterson introduced a cross-curriculum program ,where she takes lessons taught in other classes, such as English and math ,and expands upon them in an eight-week unit.
    One of the most popular projects in Peterson's classes is the creation and performance of a musical, In the activity students create a play from one of the books they have read in another class. Students work together to choose the music that best fits with the overall feel of the play and then perform it for the greater community. "Through Andrea's efforts these kids have helped to put Granite Falls, Washington, on the map for musical talents. Parents, staff, and community members continue to be in awe of what she is able to bring forth from the children," said Debra Rose Howell, a colleague of Peterson's at Monte Cristo Elementary School.
    小题1:At the beginning, Andrea Peterson planned to work as a (n)       .
    A．teacherB．doctorC．educatorD．musician
    小题2:The 2nd paragraph mainly tells about     .
    A．Andrea Peterson’s life at Granite Falls
    B．county, state and national music competitions
    C．the growth of the music program in Granite Falls School District
    D．Andrea Peterson’s contributions to Granite Falls’ music programs
    小题3:Which of the following is NOT a benefit the students get from Andrea Peterson’s class?
    A．Music talent development.B．Increased self-confidence.
    C．Ability in learning other subjects. D．Prizes for English and maths.
    小题4:The following sentences tell what the students have to do about their musical project. Which is the right order of the events?
    a．They chose proper music for their play.
    b．They adapt the story into a play.
    c．They put on the play for the whole school or the whole community.
    d．They practice performing the play.
    e．They choose a story they have read in another class.
    A．e→b→a→d→cB．e→b→c→a→d
    C．a→e→b→d→cD．a→b→e→d→c

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    It happened one morning 20 years ago. A British scientist Alec Jeffrey came across DNA fingerprinting: He identified the patterns of genetic material that are unique to almost every individual. His discovery changed everything from the way we do criminal investigations to the way we decide family law. But the professor of genetics at the University of Leicester, UK, is still surprised, and a bit worried, by the power of the technology he released upon the world.
    The patterns within DNA are unique to each individual, except identical twins, who share the same pattern. The ability to identify these patterns has been used to convict(证明…有罪) murderers and to clear people who are wrongly accused. It is also used to identify the victims of war and settle disputes over who is the father of a child.
    Jeffrey said he and his colleagues made the discovery by accident while tracking genetic variations(变异). But, within six months of the discovery, genetic fingerprinting had been used in an immigration case, to prove that an African boy really was his parents’ son.·In 1986, it was used for the first time in a British criminal case: It cleared one suspect after being accused of two murders and helped convict another man.
    DNA testing is now very common. In Britain, a national criminal database established in 1995 now contains 2.5 million DNA samples. The U.S. and Canada are developing similar systems. But there are fears about the stored DNA samples and how they could be used to harm a person’s privacy. That includes a person’s medical history, racial origin or psychological profile. “There is the long-term risk that people can get into these samples and start getting additional information about a person’s paternity(父子关系) or risk of disease,” Jeffrey said.
    DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity. Still, it is considered a reasonably reliable system for determining the things it is used for. Jeffrey estimates the probability of two individuals’ DNA profiles matching in the most commonly used tests at one in a billion.
    小题1:According to the text, DNA testing can NOT be used in _______ .
    A．doing criminal investigationsB．deciding faraily law
    C．clearmg wrongly accused people D．telling twins apart
    小题2:DNA samples are not popular with all the people because _______ .
    A．the government in Britain establishes a criminal database
    B．the US and Canada develop similar systems
    C．DNA samples can be used to harm a person’s privacy
    D．DNA testing is too expensive and dangerous now
    小题3:Where will you most probably find this article?
    A．In a guidebook. B．In a storybook.
    C．In a science fiction. D．In a scientific magazine.
    小题4:Which is the best title for the passage?
    A．Discovery of DNA testing by JefferyB．Practice of DNA testing in court
    C．DNA testing in the present situationD．Benefits and side effects of DNA testing

    查看答案和解析>>

    同步练习册答案