For centuries people dreamed of going into space. This dream began to seem possible when high-flying rockets were built in the early 1900s.
In 1903 a Russian teacher named Konstantin Tsiolkovsky figured out how to use rockets for space travel. His plan was the first one in rocket science to use correct scientific calculation. About 30 years later, a U.S. scientist named Robert Goddard built the first rockets that could reach high altitudes. During World War II, German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. After the war, scientists from Germany went to the United States and the Soviet Union to help those countries build space rockets.
These two countries were soon racing to get to space first. Each of these countries wanted to prove that it was stronger and more advanced than the other one. Both countries also had powerful bombs. People in the United States were worried when the Soviets were first to launch a space satellite, which was called Sputnik. The Soviets were also first to send a person into space. Yury Gagarin orbited the earth in the Vostok I spaceship in 1961.
The US government set a goal for its space program to be the first country to put a person on the Moon. The U.S. space program built a series of Apollo spaceship. These vehicles were powered by huge Saturn 5 rockets. In 1969 Apollo II took three men to the moon successfully. Nell Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon.
The Soviets may have lost the race to fly people to the Moon, but they built the first space station in 1971. The United States also built a space station. The space stations allowed people to live and work in space. Then the Soviet Union and the United States cooperated to hook two spaceships together in space. This action ended the "space race". Today a much larger space station, built by several countries together, orbits Earth.
Another new way to go to space is by space shuttle. A space shuttle, first made in the United States in 1981, looks like an airplane. Astronauts who fly spaceships have used shuttles to help put satellites into space.
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The (1) ▲ of Space Travel |
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|
Time |
Events |
Information concerned |
|
Early 1900s |
High-flying rockets were built. |
It made the ancient dream of going to space possible to come（2) ▲ |
|
1903 |
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (3) ▲ a way to use rockets for space travel. |
He planned to put correct scientific calculation to use in rocket science. |
|
Around 1933 |
Robert Goddard built new rockets. |
The rockets could fly very(3) ▲ in the sky. |
|
During and after World War II |
German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. |
Germany was ahead of all the other countries in building space rockets and later it even offered5) ▲ to the Soviet Union and the United States |
|
|
The Soviet Union and the United States competed to get to space first. |
The Soviet Union became the6 ▲ of the race when it launched the first satellite and sent the first astronaut into space. |
|
1969 |
The United States (7 ▲ in putting a person on the moon. |
In one way, it 8) ▲ the Soviet Union by becoming the first country to fly people to the moon. |
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1970s |
The Soviets built the first space station and was soon followed by Americans. And they finally ended the "space race" by (9) ▲ |
Astronauts can live and work in space stations. |
|
1980s-- |
Space shuttles are used as new vehicles for space （10) ▲ . |
Shuttles are also used to help put satellites into space. |
阅读快车系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：单选题
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
In Europe people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right throughout the meal, a system that is generally agreed to be more efficient than the American zigzag（曲折的）method. Americans hold both the fork and the knife in their right hands throughout the meal, so they continually change their forks to the left hand when they have to cut their meat. It seems to be funny for the Europeans to see Americans busy changing their dinner sets, making a lot of noises. A few explanations for this American style are as follows:
(1)Americans are practical and efficient. Since most of us are right-handed, it is reasonable to keep our working tools at all times in the right hand that can use them most efficiently.
(2)Americans, the master of the New World are rebels（判逆者).. They use the zigzag method to break the rules in the Old World and in this way they are thumbing their nose at Mother England. Americans are a restless kind. They do not like to sit in one spot for very long when dining.
(3)Forced to do so, they respond by “playing” with the silver.
Whatever the reason for the practice, it is now certainly as American as apple pie. Europeans recognize this and are quick to attack it as evidence of American innocence of form. Arguments against the zigzag method rest not only on grounds of efficiency but also on those of tradition. In Old World Dining, the knife is held in the right hand continually because it can serve as an instant defense against the uninvited intruders. However, such alertness（警觉）is out of place in the New World, as every American believes that this is the home of the brave. Americans juggle their silverware, perhaps, to show that they are not afraid and that one of them holding a fork is worth any number of them holding blades（刀）.
41．Americans use _______ to hold their fork to pick up the salad.
A．the right hand B．the left hand C．both hands D．either of the two hands
42．As the masters of the New World, Americans use a different cutting method from that in the Old World to_____ .
A．show their independence of Mother England
B．show their disrespect to Mother England
C．add a new tradition to those in Mother England
D．show off their creativeness to Mother England
43．In the sentence, the word “juggle” probably means .
A．hold B．play with C．pick up D．lay down
44．Also in the last sentence, the two “them” refer to .
A．Americans B．Europeans
C．Americans and Europeans separately D．Europeans and Americans separately
45.What could be the best title of the text?
A. Old World Dining B. zigzag method
C. New World Dining D. Juggling fork and knife
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more __36__, waiting for the final school bell. Upon its _37____everyone would run for their coats and go home, everyone except David
David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often _38___what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so __39__for the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves. But something made David __40__. I can still remember he was always __41____a smile and willing to help. He always __42__after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He__43___just smile and ask what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly__44___home
Weeks passed and the __45___ovre the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of__46__before the holiday break. I smiled in ___47 __as the last of them hurried out the door. Turning around I saw David ___48___standing by my desk.
“I have something for you”he said and ____49____from behind his back a small box. __50___it to me, he said anxiously. “Open it,”I took the box from him, thanked him and slowly unwrapped it. I lift the lid and to my __51__saw nothing. I looked at David‘s smiling face and back into the box and said. “The box is nice, David, but it’s__52__”
“Oh no it isn’t,”said David. “It’s full of love, my mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn’t see or touch unless you know it’s there”
Tears filled my eyes ___53___Iooked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given____54___to. After that Christmas, David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning ___55___the little empty box set on my desk
A. anxious B. courageous C. serious D. cautious
A. warning B. ringing C. calling D. yelling
A. scolded B. wondered C. realized D. learned
A. modestly B. naturally C. inaccurately D. inappropriately
A. popular B. upset C. special D. funny
A. expressing B. delivering C. wearing D. sharing
A. practised B. wandered C. studied D. stayed
A. would B. should C. might D. could
A. aim at B. turn to C. put off D. head for
A. argument B. excitement C. movement D. program
A. school B. year C. education D. program
A. relief B. return C. vain D. control
A. weakly B. sadly C. quietly D. helplessly
A. searched B. found C. raised D. pulled
A. Holding B. Handing C. Sending D. Leaving
A. delight B. expectation C. appreciation D. surprise
A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper
A. as B. until C. because D. though
A. advice B. support C. attention D. command
A. from B. behind C. over D. towards
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
"The world's oceans are slowly getting more acidic,”say scientists. The researchers from California report that the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The lowering of the waters’pH value is not great at the moment but could cause a serious threat to current ocean life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.
Increasing use of oil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater. Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.
These researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change．"This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict the amount of future acidity will exceed（超过）anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare disastrous events such as asteroid（小行星) impacts．”
However, it is not absolutely clear what that means for ocean life．Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean life forms may be more sensitive to pH changes．Coral reefs and other organisms whose shells contain calcium carbonate（小行星) may be particularly affected if the water's acidity levels keep going up, the team predict. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.
In recent years some people have suggested storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of dealing with global warming．But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing-because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet, and when CO2, is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.”
According to Dr Caldeira,__________ .
A. ocean absorption of carbon dioxide is a good thing
B. more oil fuels will be used in the near future
C. scientists may predict climate changes with computer models
D. the future situation of the amount of acidity is extremely serious
f the water's acidity level keeps rising,_________ .
A. ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may be affected
B. the waters’pH value will become higher and higher
C. organisms living near the surface are more sensitive to pH changes
D. some disastrous events will occur more often than before
Most experts once believed storing carbon dioxide in the ocean would reduce________ .
A. the CO2 absorbed by the ocean B. the amount of greenhouse warming
C. the acidity of the ocean D. the gradual release of CO2
The purpose of this passage is to_________ .
A. show people the findings of a research team B. inform people of how acid the ocean is now
C. introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's research D. warn people of the higher level of CO2
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive（主管的） circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were considered having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the "manly"qualifies required.
This is true even in politics, "When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently, " says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.
The word "liability" most probably means ________.
A. disadvantage B. advantage C. misfortune D. trouble
Bowman's experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness________
A. turns out to be a disadvantage to men
B. is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women
C. has as little effect on men as on women
D. affects men and women alike
It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often________.
A. practical B. supportive C. old - fashioned D. one - sided
The author writes this passage to ________.
A. give advice to job - seekers who are attractive
B. discuss the disadvantages of being attractive
C. demand equal rights for women
D. state the importance of appearance
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