分析 本文主要观点是14摄氏度的凉水可以帮助人们睡眠,不过研究还有待进一步完善.
解答 21-24 ABCA
21.A 推断题.由第二段第五六句 They examined 12 people who had insomnia.Twelve others had no sleep problems 可知,研究了12个有睡眠问题和12个没有睡眠问题的人,故A项正确.由第三段第一句 The first two nights of testing,the patients wore no water caps 可知,戴帽子的是被实验者,而不是调查者,故B项错误.由第二段最后一句 Each of them wore a soft plastic cap on their heads at bed time…可知,帽子是塑料的而不是布的,故C项错误.由第四段表示时间的词组 The first two nights of testing,During the next two nights,Then…for two nights,On the final two nights of the study 可以推断出,这项研究共持续了八天,故D项错误.故正确答案为A.
22.B 推断题.由第二段第五六句 They examined 12 people who had insomnia.Twelve others had no sleep problems 可以推断,后一句表明剩下的12个没有睡眠问题,所以可以猜测前12个是有睡眠问题的,即失眠的人,以此作为研究的对比因素.carelessness 意为"粗心",loneliness 意为"孤独",tiredness 意为"疲惫",均不符合文意.故正确答案为B,
23.C 推断题.由第四段第一句 The researchers found that the water caps did not help the insomnia patients until the temperature was about 14℃可知,只有帽子温度在14摄氏度左右时,才会对睡眠产生影响,所以A错误.由第四段第一句 The researchers found that the water caps did not help the insomnia patients until the temperature was about 14℃可知,如果水冰冻了达到0摄氏度,帽子就不会起作用了,故B错误.由第五段第二句 But they believe they have discovered something important that needs more research 可知,他们的研究需要进一步的调查才能得到重要的结论,故C正确.由第五段第三句 They presented their test results in June at a meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies in Minneapolis,Minnesota 可知,他们在六月对结果进行了汇报,不代表研究是在六月完成的,故D错误.故正确答案为C.
24.A 主旨题.通读全文可以发现,第一段主要说明越来越多人开始失眠,第二段指出有一项通过特制帽子探究影响睡眠因素的研究,第三段描述了研究的过程,第四段说明了研究的结论:14摄氏度的凉水可以帮助人们睡眠,最后一段提出研究还有待进一步完善.综合全文可以推断,本文主要观点是14摄氏度的凉水可以帮助人们睡眠.故正确答案为A.
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是,仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案,这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱.所谓阅读理解,对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文,因此,每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查,再得出答案.也就是说,阅读理解的每一道题目,在原文都应该有明确的出处,我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句,(1)排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项(2)排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 (3)排除用于过于极端或负面的选项(4)注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除.
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