Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children’s relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school, becoming depressed and other problems.
Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play
When 6?year?old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. “Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls ran right into each other’s arms and hugged,” recalls Rachel’s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. “It was like a scene from a movie.”
Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child’s play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.
A Skill for Life
“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood,” says Dr.Robbie Adler?Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children’s Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center.
Researcher William Hartup states, “Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development.” Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.
The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids while the lack of friends is detrimental.
Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen
Experts agree that it is essential for children to establish high?quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don’t necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved parents.
Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.
Bad Company
Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child’s friendships. “When she was in 1st grade, her supposed ‘best friend’ began calling her names and threatening to hurt her,” says Mindy Miller. “My daughter wasn’t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed her spirit. I told my daughter she didn’t need a ‘friend’ like that.”
“I’ll bend over backwards(拼命) to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him,” Adler?Tapia says. “I don’t look at it as manipulation (操纵)，just positive parental involvement.”
1.The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to indicate that ________.
A. childhood friendship is of great significance to their growth
B. a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems
C. it is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life
D. Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend
2.The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by ________.
A. aggressive B. disappointing C. ridiculous D. harmful
3.We can learn from the passage that high?quality friendship most probably results from ________.
A. social skills and good study habits
B. school grades and classroom behaviors
C. academic success and social adaptation
D. positive parental involvement and social skills
4.From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie Adler?Tapia agrees that ________.
A. parents should regard making friends as something that just happens
B. it’s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships
C. parents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situations
D. parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can
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A加金题 系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：广东省揭阳市2017届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Despite gains in recent years，women still fall behind men in some areas of math achievement，and the question of why has caused heated argument. Now，a study of first and second graders suggests what may be part of the answer：Female primary school teachers who are concerned about their own skills could be passing that along to the little girls they teach.
Young students tend to model themselves after adults of the same sex，explained Beilock，an associate professor in psychology at the University of Chicago. Little girls may learn to fear math from the women who are their earliest teachers. Beilock and her colleagues studied 52 boys and 65 girls in classes taught by 17 different teachers. Ninety percent of the US primary school teachers are women，as was all of those in this study.
Students’ math ability was not related to teachers’ math anxiety at the start of the school year，but at the end of the year，the more anxious teachers were about their own skills，the more likely their female students—but not the boys—were to agree to that “boys are good at math and girls are good at reading”．In addition，the girls who answered that way scored lower on math tests than either the classes’ boys or the girls who had not developed such a belief，the researchers found.
After seeing the results，the researchers recommended that the math requirements for obtaining a primary education teaching degree should be rethought. “If the next generation of teachers，especially primary school teachers，is going to teach their students more effectively，more care needs to be taken to develop both strong math skills and positive math attitudes in these educators,” the researchers wrote.
“Girls who grow up believing females lack math skills wind up avoiding harder math classes. It keeps girls and women out of a lot of careers，particularly in science technology,” Beilock said.
1.We can learn from the first three paragraphs that ______.
A. teachers in US primary schools are mostly females
B. the students involved in the study are starters at primary school
C. young students usually follow example of their female teachers
D. it’s true that boys do well in math while girls do well in reading
2.We can we infer from the text?
A. Beilock’s study will bring about a primary education revolution.
B. Girls’ lack of confidence in math skills affects their future jobs.
C. The performance of the students changed little during the process of the study.
D. The researchers argued that current primary school education needed improving.
3.What’s the suggested solution to the phenomenon mentioned in the text?
A. Using different approaches to excite students’ interest in math.
B. Reducing the number of situations that make teachers anxious.
C. Creating more chances for boys and girls to work together in class.
D. Improving teachers’ math skills and changing their math attitudes.
4.What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Girls may learn math anxiety from female teachers.
B. Boys are free from the math anxiety of female teachers.
C. Primary school teachers have a far-reaching influence on students.
D. Students should learn how to hold positive attitudes towards math.
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科目：高中英语 来源：辽宁省葫芦岛市2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：完形填空
My son Joe was born with clubfeet(畸形足). The doctors told us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally ______ would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in ______. By the time he was eight, you ______ he had a problem when you saw him walk.
The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would ______ and play, too. We ______ told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to ______ as well as the other children. So he didn’t know.
In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross country ______. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others. Perhaps he ______that the abilities that seemed to come ______ to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the ______ team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to ______ points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never ______ the team, so he didn’t know.
He ______ to run four to five miles a day, even the day he had a 103 fever. I was ______, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt, “______,” he said．He had two more miles to go. The sweat ______ his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he ______ straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn’t run four miles with a 103 degree fever. So he didn’t know.
Two weeks later, the name of the team runners were ______. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was only in seventh while the other six team members were all ______.
We never told him he shouldn’t ______ to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it, so he didn’t know. He just did it.
1.A. However B. Or C. But D. though
2.A. attention B. development C. circulation D. treatment
3.A. wouldn’t know B. didn’t imagine C. shouldn’t find D. couldn’t identify
4.A. keep just out B. jump right in C. stand only behind D. sit still away
5.A. never B. generally C. often D. sincerely
6.A. live B. Jump C. Run D. hope
7.A. competition B. class C. game D. team
8.A. meant B. sensed C. showed D. noticed
9.A. eventually B. suddenly C. safely D. naturally
10.A. entire B. same C. other D. all
11.A. score B. collect C. pay D. catch
12.A. join B. enter C. make D. keep
13.A. liked B. continued C. hoped D. aimed
14.A. moved B. excited C. encouraged D. worried
15.A. Never mind B. Okay C. Don’t worry D. Sorry
16.A. ran down B. came from C. dropped off D. came down
17.A. stood B. looked C. faced D. glanced
18.A. made B. called C. designed D. checked
19.A. sixth-graders B. seventh-graders C. eighth-graders D. fifth-graders
20.A. expect B. fight C. avoid D. refuse
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科目：高中英语 来源：江西省2016-2017学年高一第二学期第三次月考英语试卷 题型：短文填空
The giant panda1.(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists2.(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3.(care)mother. For 25days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4. (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked(舐，舔）the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract dangerous 5. (animal) that would try to eat the little comforting pats. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 6. it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats, The mother continued to care for the young panda7. more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed8.(it)mother for food. However, it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9. (drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, and it was also time for the young panda to be 10.(depend).
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年河北省高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
假如你是李华，是美国某所学校的交换生，你几天前在美国的一个商店买的手机坏了。请你根据以下提示，给该商店客服发一封电子邮件。
(1)写作目的；
(2)具体问题：如手机黑屏，不能重启等；
(3)解决办法：如维修，更换新手机等。
注意：(1)词数在100字左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头语已为你写好。
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, an exchange student from China.______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届河北省高三下学期第四周周测英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单词拼写
1.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has _____________ all over the country. (分支，分行）
2.Reaching the top of the tower, he was out of ___________.（到了塔顶他就上气不接下气了。）
3.They held a party in ______________ of his promotion.（庆祝）
4.Good _________________ skills include learning body language.（交流）
5.The program reminds me of many things from my own _____________ (童年）
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届河北省高三下学期第四周周测英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly? Imagine having your entire houses, garage, and yard inspected at any time — with no warning. Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on results. A few times each year, an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station. The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keeper sometimes had advance notice.
Once lighthouses had telephones, keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching. After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector aboard, the keeper's family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first. As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes. The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap. Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.
Despite the serious nature of inspections, they resulted in some funny moments. Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. At the time, people did not have dishwashers in their homes. In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven. If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking. He never did.
One day, Glenn Furst's mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house. Like floor wax, the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood. This time, though, she used a little too much oil. When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn's mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. "He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight," Glenn late wrote. After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
1.What does Paragraph I tell us about the inspection at the light station?
A. It was carried out once a year.
B. It was often announced in advance.
C. It was important for the keeper's fame.
D. It was focused on the garage and yard.
2.The family began making preparations immediately after ________.
A. one of the members saw the boat
B. a warning call reached the lighthouse
C. the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D. the inspector flew special flags in the distance
3.Mrs. Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would ________.
A. result in some fun
B. speed up washing them
C. make her home look tidy
D. be a demand from the inspector
4.The inspector waved his arms ________.
A. to try his best to keep steady
B. to show his satisfaction with the floor
C. to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother
D. to express his intention to continue the inspection
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科目：高中英语 来源：山东省济宁市2017届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷 题型：完形填空
I’ve started driving again, just small journeys until I gain my confidence. Tonight I drove along a road ______about 12 years ago. As I drove along it I_______Kelly.
Kelly was a ______when this road was constructed. Her mother _______when Kelly was very young. She and her brother were _______by her father and she herself admitted that she was a(an)______child, climbing out windows, staying out drinking etc. The year after I taught her, a ______thing happened. Kelly’s dad was about to turn onto the new road ______he met with a fatal(致命的)accident.
At that stage I didn’t teach Kelly but had______taught on her learning programme. I wrote to tell her that I would help her with one of the six_______she still had to complete on her second and final year of her programme.
I brought Kelly to my home where I _____and supported her through the whole unit. I got her to complete all the assignments at my home so that she would stay_______. Kelly got a better performance in the unit I taught her, and this helped raise her overall______. My support also helped her focus on her studies at such a ______time in her life. Kelly’s lecturer was so______ with her assignments that she got Kelly to______the higher level parts of the assignments to the rest of the class! This was so good for her self-esteem(自尊心). Kelly _____her course. I was so glad she didn’t ______.
A few yeas ago I met Kelly in the town centre. She was ______a pram(婴儿车), her newly born son sleeping contentedly. I was glad to see life had brought a new family member into Kelly’s life for her to love. It’s the______ she deserved.
1.A. created B. ruined C. flooded D. blocked
2.A. met B. hit C. remembered D. recognized
3.A. worker B. student C. teacher D. volunteer
4.A. passed away B. backed up C. helped out D. took over
5.A. forgiven B. affected C. rescued D. raised
6.A. active B. wild C. optimistic D. curious
7.A. strange B. mysterious C. terrible D. delightful
8.A. when B. because C. once D. though
9.A. seldom B. later C. eventually D. previously
10.A. books B. units C. courses D. subjects
11.A. admired B. knew C. tutored D. hired
12.A. interested B. focused C. awake D. happy
13.A. grades B. looks C. health D. weight
14.A. good B. happy C. sad D. pleasant
15.A. impressed B. puzzled C. disappointed D. embarrassed
16.A. show B. give C. pass D. explain
17.A. quit B. completed C. failed D. chose
18.A. stand up B. move out C. drop out D. set out
19.A. selling B. pushing C. making D. riding
20.A. last B. most C. worst D. least
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科目：高中英语 来源：内蒙古2017届高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago. ”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly, Adam Freedmam. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic- breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).
Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
1.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to ______.
A. introduce a topic B. present an argument
C. describe the characters D. clarify his writing purpose
2.In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it ______.
A. gives them a feeling of pleasure
B. help them to make more friends
C. makes them better at telling stories
D. enables them to meet important people
3.Professor David Wilson think that gossip can ______.
A. provide students with written rules
B. help people watch their own behaviors
C. force school to improve student handbooks
D. attract the police’s attention to group behaviors
4.What advice does the author give in the passage?
A. Never become a gossiper B. Stay away from gossipers
C. Don’t let gossip turn into lies D. Think twice before you gossip.
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