An American educational expert, Frederick M. Hess, says that a long summer vacation doesn’t make sense in today’s world.
This summer, 50 million kids will spend much time talking online, watching TV, playing video games and asking older brothers or sisters to take them to the supermarket. They will also be putting their academic futures at risk.
During much of the 20th century, many Americans worked in factories that did not need a college degree but still offered a high salary. Also, in the 19th century, there was no air condition. And poor hygiene (卫生) meant that crowded schools had health risks.
Things have changed. For today’s students, academic skills are key to future success. Many countries don’t give kids an American-style summer vacation. They offer no more than seven consecutive (连续的) weeks of vacation. Most American school districts offer up to 13 weeks. To compete in global marketplace, Americans must be prepared to go up against international competitors.
Summer vacation also causes challenges for today’s families. In the 1960s, more than 60% of families had a stay-at-home mum. Now, two-thirds of American children live families where every adult works. For these families, summer vacation can be more burden than break. Someone must watch the kids.
But the biggest problem may be how summer vacation hurts academic achievement. Scientist have found that disadvantaged students lose important ground in the summertime.
A school year can allow time-limited teachers to conduct richer and more imaginative lessons. Schools would have more time for sports, languages, music and the arts.
【小题1】Before the 20th century, a long summer vacation might ______.
| A．reduce income for Americans |
| B．reduce health risks for students |
| C．cause career failure for Americans |
| D．cause loss in global market for America |
| A．No more than two months. |
| B．Less than three months. |
| C．As long as three months. |
| D．As long as four months. |
| A．American students, teachers and parents. |
| B．American students, parents and shop owners. |
| C．American students, parents and international competitors. |
| D．American students, teachers and international competitors. |
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
解析试题分析：作者在文章中介绍长暑假对学生没有意义的观点，主要因为：长暑假不利于学生的成绩，增加父母的负担，不利于老师安排课程，现在的学校设施齐备，不需要放长假。
【小题1】细节题：从第三段的句子：Also, in the 19th century, there was no air condition. And poor hygiene (卫生) meant that crowded schools had health risks.可知在20世纪前长暑假会让学生减少健康的危害。选B
【小题2】细节题:从第四段的句子：Most American school districts offer up to 13 weeks. 可知大部分美国的学校提供3个多月的暑假。选C
【小题3】细节题：从倒数第三段的句子：Someone must watch the kids. 和最后一段的内容，可知长学年可以使家长，学生和父母受益，选A
【小题4】推理题：纵观全文，文章先介绍了作者的观点长暑假对学生没有意义，然后给出了四个理由：长暑假不利于学生的成绩，增加父母的负担，不利于老师安排课程，现在的学校设施齐备，不需要放长假。选D
考点：考查教育类
阳光课堂课时优化作业系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
I’m sure your parents love you and would love you even if you didn’t live up to their expectations, They are probably setting the bar as high as possible, so that you will aim high , That’s right, but you need some confidence that they’ll be there to catch you—and love you just the same—if you try and fail to achieve all their goals, Because what they’re doing now could lead to some unexpected results .and not good ones.
Giving you a lecture for achieving an A is a big mistake, Your parents might think they’re giving you the motivation for succeeding , but all this pressure is making you feel like you can never be good enough ,The risk is that you’ll stop trying anything unless you are sure you’ll be the best at it .And that can actually cause your grades to fall downwards, creating the opposite effect than you parents indeed.
Show your parents this letter that you wrote to me ,Tell them that you love them so much ,and you worry they won’t love you if you don’t achieve what they want, and how you suspect you may not be up to the challenge , Explain that you have other qualities that you wish they would value you for—such as your kindness, your sense of humor, your willingness to try and try again, and so on.
Have an honest talk with your parents about how all this pressure to be perfect is affecting you , If he talk doesn’t go the way you hope , you might want to schedule a meeting between you , your parents and a counselor（顾问）at school , The counselor can certainly help your parents understand how this kind of unhealthy pressure can lead to negative results, and give them advice about how to better encourage you to be all that you can be , at school and outside of it.
【小题1】Who does the author intend to write to?
| A．A boy/girl whose school work is not good enough |
| B．A boy/girl who has difficulty in getting along with parents |
| C．A boy/girl whose parents expect too much of him/her |
| D．A boy/girl who needs love from his/her parents |
| A．Because they hope their children will aim high |
| B．Because they love their children very much |
| C．Because their children are lack of confidence |
| D．Because their children seldom achieve their goals |
| A．He may be more confident about himself |
| B．He may feel that he can never be good enough |
| C．He may feel natural to cheat in the exam |
| D．He may hate his parents and try to make more mistakes |
| A．To apologize to his/her parents for disappointing them |
| B．To let his/her parents know unhealthy pressure can lead to negative results |
| C．To invite his/her teachers to help him/her to get rid of unhealthy pressure |
| D．To try his/her best to achieve what his/her parents expect |
| A．Counselors | B．Results | C．Parents | D．Classmates |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Have you ever seen any students whose trousers hang so low that you can see their underwear? What do you think of that? Fashionable? Some of today’s teenagers are big fans of such a look. But recently this trend has been at the center of an argument in Italian middle schools. The headmaster of a school in central Italy has asked students to stop wearing low-rise jeans that expose underwear and parts of the body. His request came after a class trip, when he saw one boy's baggy trousers slide to his feet. He pointed out that this way of dressing is not suitable for school. But in Italy, a nation that takes fashion very seriously, the suggestion caused a debate among parents, teachers and students. The issue is whether the headmaster's request will limit students' freedom— or whether dress in Italian schools is too casual. A parents' group praised the move in favor of good taste, while others advised schools to stop worrying about fashion and fix up old school buildings. “We do not want to kick fashion out,” the headmaster explained, “but extremes of fashion like this are not right in school.” Many other schools have now requested that their students also stop wearing such trousers. Most students have simply ignored the request. Ludovica Gaudio, 14, wore extremely low trousers exposing orange underwear in class. It was cold, so she wore a matching orange scarf. Another 14-year-old said she would probably respect the request, simply for practical reasons. “I don't really feel comfortable in those sort of jeans，” said Sarah Lattanzi, “in winter, when dressed like that, it's quite cold and I am afraid my stomach will ache.”
【小题1】What led to the argument in Italian middle schools？______
| A．Students' craze for fashions. | B．Clothes that are too exposing. |
| C．Students' ignoring dress codes.（规则） | D．Students' underwear. |
| A．Fashion should be taken seriously. |
| B．Fashion should not be followed in school. |
| C．Students should have their freedom in choosing what they wear. |
| D．Students should be encouraged to have good taste in clothes. |
| A．dress in Italian schools is too casual |
| B．fashion should not be followed in school |
| C．schools should pay attention to things more important than students' clothes |
| D．low-rise jeans can do harm to youngster's health |
| A．show Chinese students that wearing very fashionable clothes in school is under attack in other countries, too. |
| B．show that dress code is necessary even in a country like Italy |
| C．let us see that Italian students react differently to schools' requests. |
| D．tell us that a debate started in Italian middle schools over the way students dress in School |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Teachers and parents usually pay attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that paying attention to the words and letters on the page may lead to better readers.
The two-year study compared children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even two years later.
Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference would be increased attention to the printed text.
Ms Piasta says if you get children to pay attention to letters and words, it makes sense that they will do better at word recognition and spelling. But she says research suggests that very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic(系统的) way.
More than 300 children aged four and five were observed in classrooms in Ohio and Virginia. The children came from poor families and were below average in their language skills. This put them at risk of reading problems later. For 30 weeks, the children took part in a program called Project STAR. It tests the short-term and long-term results of reading regularly to preschool children in their classrooms.
There’re different ways that adults can talk to children about print. They can point to a letter and discuss it, and even trace the shape with a finger. They can point out a word, “This is a ‘dog’.” They can discuss how the words tell the story. And they can talk about the organization of the print—for example, showing how words are written left to right in English.
【小题1】According to the text, Shayne Piasta _______.
| A．worked in a middle school |
| B．didn’t attend the research at all |
| C．liked kids to be educated through words |
| D．hoped to increase kids’ interest through pictures |
| A．focused on adults’ education |
| B．was to study reading results |
| C．was mainly conducted at home |
| D．tested kids with good reading skills |
| A．Why words have meanings. |
| B．Different expressions of words. |
| C．How words are spelled differently. |
| D．Ways of teaching about print. |
| A．Child Development |
| B．Daily Technology |
| C．International Affairs |
| D．Health Development |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help.
Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional children's games can be adapted to encourage reading skills.
While reading or during play, tell your child, "I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter "b". Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, “I see a barn.” This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds.Ｉspy with my little eye something that begins with the sound “s”. Help the child find a word that begins with the "s" sound.
In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, "Simon says, point to something that starts with the letter "n". The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds.
Make a game out of rhyming (押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the child's name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another.
Tips to raise a successful reader:
Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up.
Let children "read to you" by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures.
Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor's office or grocery store.
Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build vocabulary.
【小题1】 Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．A good reading habit can benefit your child at school. |
| B．Computer games help children develop reading skills. |
| C．You should be careful as for what books to read. |
| D．Children enjoy reading poems to their parents. |
| A．available | B．beneficial | C．readable | D．worthwhile |
| A．The most important thing is to make reading funny. |
| B．Children have a preference for stories with pictures. |
| C．Rhyming games should begin only with real words. |
| D．Children tend to read more if books are at hand. |
| A．Interest is the best teacher |
| B．Practice makes perfect |
| C．Good methods are half done |
| D．Failure teaches success |
| A．Parents. | B．Adolescents. | C．Educators. | D．People in general. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.”However, that’s not really true.Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves--the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be, because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.
This“ self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down.Be aware, though, that as much as 77%of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves.We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back ,The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying“ Good job!”
Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effects they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses to others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. Or harsh and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.
Words possess power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it true? Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.
Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things.Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.
【小题1】The author argues in the first paragraph that __________.
| A．words will never hurt us at all |
| B．words have lasting effects on us |
| C．inspiring words give us confidence. |
| D．negative words may let us down |
| A．Talking to ourselves is believed to be good for our health. |
| B．Almost everybody has the habit of talking to oneself. |
| C．Talking to ourselves helps us to solve all the problems. |
| D．It is harmful to have “self-talk” when we are alone. |
| A．blame ourselves | B．punish ourselves |
| C．talk to ourselves | D．praise ourselves |
| A．Unkind words are unlikely to be forgotten. |
| B．Positive words may destroy all the good relations. |
| C．It is better to think twice before talking to others. |
| D．Kind words are sure to cause unfavorable response. |
| A．Because kind words destroy true relationships. |
| B．Because the clerk in a store is hard to deal with. |
| C．Because critical language may hurt your feelings. |
| D．Because friendly words cause positive responses. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
But what is teacher quality? How can one measure it reliably?
An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students’ gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is probably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do.
Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?
The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable characteristics.
The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students’ achievement than others.
Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master’s degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated关联 with teacher effectiveness.
Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.
It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early.)
From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time.
The authors also investigate the contentious 有争议的issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect 移情效应(teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely.
The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness. This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.
【小题1】The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the ______.
| A．the first year | B．the second year | C．the third year | D．the fourth year |
| A．reach their normal level | B．become confident |
| C．walk with long steps | D．get bored |
| A．teachers will perform better with time passing |
| B．ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later |
| C．teacher’s effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years |
| D．a master’s degree will improve teacher’s effectiveness |
| A．Students fell secure, so they respond better. |
| B．Teachers sympathize with students of their own race. |
| C．There are entirely some other identified reasons. |
| D．The reasons are far from clear and definite. |
| A．The Quality of Teaching |
| B．Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning |
| C．Different Sorts of Measurement Issues |
| D．Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
College is a lifetime investment (投资) — the gift of a college education can open the door to a world of opportunity for your child or grandchild. Savings（储蓄）, even not so many at a time, can make a big difference.
With the cost of a college education continuing to rise, the key is to start saving early and regularly. By saving a set amount at set times, your money can grow as your child does. According to the College Board, the average cost for four-year public colleges has increased by nearly 51% over the last 10 years and these costs will almost certainly continue to rise. Saving for college can help with the increasing cost of a college education and help you be well prepared when your child is ready for college.
Saving for your child’s college education is an investment in their future. The savings you make today will pay off in increased earnings in the future. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, college graduates earn an average of $1 million more than high school graduates during their careers. The value of your investment in a college education will continue to grow for a lifetime.
Set your college saving goals realistically. You may not be able to save enough for all four years’ fees, but you could save enough to give your child the right start.
More and more families depend on student loans(贷款) to pay for college. By saving for college, families will have less burden of paying off loans and help their children leave school without worrying about paying off loans.
【小题1】From the second paragraph we can learn that_______________.
| A．the College Board increased public college costs zxxk |
| B．public college costs will increase by 51% in the next ten years |
| C．it’s not too late to start saving when your child is ready for college |
| D．saving can help deal with the rising cost of college education |
| A．will increase in the value in the future | B．make one earn a lot |
| C．help create good jobs | D．are wise for businessmen to invest |
| A．You should save to help children get scholarships more easily. |
| B．It’s better to increase the savings as the child grows. |
| C．It’s better to save early and regularly. |
| D．You should set a further and bigger saving goal. |
| A．Parents. | B．High school students. | C．Educators | D．Bankers. |
| A．When to Save for Children’s College Costs |
| B．How to Make a Good Investment |
| C．Why We Should Save for Children’s College Costs |
| D．How Much Four-Year College Costs |
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