Question

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Apes and human beings share a lot in common when it comes to behavior. The evidence taken from the observation of the behavior of apes and children suggests that there are three causes for the outbreak of fighting and the exhibition of by individuals.

One of the most common causes of fighting among both children and apes was over the ___ ___ of external objects. The argument over the ownership of any object---food, clothes, toys, females, and the affection of others--- was sufficient reason to __ ___ force. In a case of monkeys’ disagreement over females，thirty females were killed. Two points are of particular interest to notice about these fights for possession.

In the first place, the fights are often carried to such an extreme that they end in the __ __ destruction of the objects of common desire. Toys are torn to pieces and females are killed.

In the second place it is observable, that __ __ occurs when an object is desired by only one person or by someone else. There were many cases where toys and other objects which had been as useless were __ __ defended by their owners when they became the object of some other child’s desire.

Another cause of aggression is the tendency for children and apes are greatly to __ __ the invading of a stranger into their group. A new child in the class may be laughed at, and disliked. A new monkey may be bitten to death. It is interesting to note that anger occurs when a stranger comes from the __ __ species. Monkeys do not mind being _ __ by a goat or a rat. Children do not object when animals are introduced to the group. As a matter of fact, such newcomers are often __ _ . But when monkeys meet a new monkey or children a strange child, aggression often occurs. This strongly suggests that the reason for the aggression is fundamentally possessiveness. The competition of the newcomers is feared. The present members of the group feel that there will be more for the food or the of the adults.

Finally, another common of fighting among children is a frustration or failure in their own ___ __ .A child will be stopped either by __ __ causes such as bad weather or illness from doing something he wishes to do, for example, sail his boat or ride the bicycle. Sometimes the activity may be __ _ because of the opposition of some adult. The child may also frustrate itself by __ ___, through lack of skill or strength, to complete successfully some desired activity. Such a child will then in the ordinary sense become “naughty”. He will be in a bad or unfriendly temper.

1.A. fulfillment B. excitement C. aggressiveness D. isolation

2.A. usage B. collection C. value D. possession

3.A. rejected B. desired C. opposed D. attracted

4.A. turn to B. drive away C. come over D. make into

5.A. moderate B. slight C. complete D. temporary

6.A. donation B. negotiation C. agreement D. conflict

7.A. taken away B. put away C. thrown away D. given away

8.A. reluctantly B. peacefully C. unwillingly D. violently

9.A. hate B. accept C. prove D. ignore

10.A. honored B. isolated C. appreciated D. bitten

11.A. similar B. modest C. strong D. reliable

12.A. observed B. joined C. protected D. spoiled

13.A. offensive B. considerate C. generous D. welcomed

14. A. organizers B. competitors C. advocators D. applicants

15.A. assessment B. attitude C. attention D. emotion

16.A. reason B. account C. description D. source

17.A. knowledge B. study C. activity D. personality

18.A. physical B. natural C. financial D. academic

19.A. enhanced B. operated C. prevented D. extended

20. A. learning B. falling C. imitating D. refusing

Answer 1