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18.Leading experts on the Internet,technology and policy have shared the same opinion on what we can expect in the next decade when it comes to connectivity and its effects on society.
The Pew Research report asked thousands of experts and members of the public for opinions on"the most significant overall influences of our uses of the Internet on humanity"---and some had a rosier outlook than others.
"The smartest person in the world nowadays could well be stuck behind a plough in India or China,"said Hal,Google's chief economist."Enabling that person----and the millions like him or her---will have a strong effect on the development of the human race."
Early Internet pioneer David Hughes agreed:"When every person on this planet can communicate two-way with every other person on this planet,the power of nation-states to control every human inside its geographic boundaries may start to disappear."
Wearables (electronic equipment that people can wear ) could monitor more than just steps,predicted UC Berkeley's Aron Roberts---or do more than just monitor:"We may literally be able to adjust both medications and lifestyle changes on a day-by-day basis or even an hour-by-hour basis."
Microsoft Reaearch's Jonathan Grudin is more pessimistic(悲观):"By making so much activity visible,it exposes the gap between the way people behave and the way we think they ought to behave.Adjusting to this will be an unending,difficult task.
And the difference between the rich and the poor will have a new aspect:"Only the well-off (and well-educated) will know how to preserve their privacy,"warned one expert.
"Will the Internet make it possible for our entire civilization to fall down together,in one big awful step?Possibly,"admitted Harvard"s Doctor Searls.:"But the Internet has already made it possible for us to use one of our unique advantages----the ability to share knowledge---to a degree higher than ever before."

36.As for the influences of our uses of the Internet on humanity,some of the experts areB.
A.Realistic
B.Optimistic
C.Doubtful
D.Careful
37.According to Hal,in the future,those who will influence the development of human race areB.
A.Google's economists
B.Chinese and Indian
C.The educated persons
D.World leading experts
38.People will be able to change their lifestyles at any time according toD.
A.The development of communication skills
B.The suggestions made by computer experts
C.The prediction made by the home computers
D.The data recorded by the computers worn on body
39.The underlined word"this"in paragraph 6refers toC.
A.The visible activities mentioned above
B.The way we thought they ought to behave
C.The way people really behave in life
D.The rule people ought to obey in life
40.Which of the following can best express the meaning of the last paragraphA?
A.Advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.
B.Development of the Internet and human beings.
C.Knowledge and civilization of human beings.
D.Possibilities of the Internet for the future users.

分析 本文是一篇科普说明文.互联网专家们认为在未来十年因特网将对人类社会产生深远的影响,其中印度人和中国人将通过因特网影响人类的发展,这种影响有不利的一面,也有积极的一面.

解答 36.B 观点态度题  根据第二段"…opinions on‘the most significant overall influences of our uses of the Internet on humanity'-and some had a rosier outlook than others."可知,专家们对因特网对人类影响的态度是积极的.故B项正确.
37.B 细节理解题 根据第三段"‘The smartest person in the world…in India or China…and the millions like him or her-will have a strong effect on the development of the human race.'"可知,Hal认为中国人和印度人将对人类的发展有极大的影响.故B项正确.
38.D 推理判断题 根据第五段"Wearables…could monitor more than just steps…adjust both medications and lifestyle changes on a daybyday basis…"可推知,人们可以通过穿在身上的记录了数据的电脑设备改变自己的生活方式.故D项正确.
39.C 指代判断题 根据上句中的"it exposes the gap between the way people behave and the way we think they ought to behave"以及本句内容可知,this代指上句中的"the way people behave".故C项正确.
40.A 段落大意题   根据该段第一句中"Will the Internet make it possible for our entire civilization to fall down together,in one big awful step?"可知,因特网有可能使我们的文明倒退;根据该段第二句"But the Internet has already made it possible for us to use one of our unique advantages-the ability to share knowledge-to a degree higher than ever before."可知,因特网使我们共享知识成为可能.故A项正确.

点评 科普类阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力.试题的取材,密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化,有关数据的来源真实可信.因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题.分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点:
1、文章逻辑性强,条理清楚,语法结构简单,用语通俗.
2、文章内容注重科技领域的新发现.内容新颖,从而使文章显得陌生,内容抽象复杂.
3、命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断.
4、以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手,探讨利弊,诠释过程,阐述概念.

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