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    (2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ，B)In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh.The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
    It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness，Richard Burton，Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团)．It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
    At the same time，the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.
    Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little­known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
    Today the“Fringe”，once less recognized，has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre groups performing，some said it was getting too big.
    A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971，and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries.More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
    小题1:What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
    A．To bring Europe together again.
    B．To honor heroes of World War Ⅱ.
    C．To introduce young theatre groups.
    D．To attract great artists from Europe.
    小题2:Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
    A．They owned a public house there.
    B．They came to take up a challenge.
    C．They thought they were also famous.
    D．They wanted to take part in the festival.
    小题3:Who joined the“Fringe”after it appeared?
    A．Popular writers.
    B．University students.
    C．Artists from around the world.
    D．Performers of music and dance.
    小题4:We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival________.
    A．has become a non­official event
    B．has gone beyond an art festival
    C．gives shows all year round
    D．keeps growing rapidly

    小题1:A
    小题2:D
    小题3:B
    小题4:D
    　这是一篇记叙文。1947年一群艺术界的著名艺术家在一位奥地利指挥家的带领下，决定在爱丁堡举办国际艺术节来使整个欧洲在二战后再团结起来。没想到这个艺术节得到了许多人的青睐，并迅速发展。
    小题1:解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.可知答案为A。
    小题2:解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话后半句．..in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.可知一些没被邀请的剧团想参加艺术节，故答案为D。
    小题3:解析：选B。细节理解题。由第四段内容可知答案为B。
    小题4:解析：选D。推理判断题。由最后一段的一系列数据可知答案为D。
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