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    【题目】语法填空

    When people hear the word 'rat', they may think of dirty animals that spread disease. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word 'rat' with bad 【1】 (express). For example, calling someone a 'rat' is 【2】 big insult and 'rat race' describes a joyless, hurried way of living. So rats 【3】 (general) are not beloved animals either in life or the English language. But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see the animals very differently.

    Based on Tanzania, APOPO trains giant rats 【4】 (find) landmines. Humans 【5】 (use) metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats--- it turns out--- do it better. And they also cost 【6】 (little) money. APOPO estimates that worldwide there are 110 million 【7】 (hide) explosives (爆炸物) left over from wars. These explosives are still 'live', or able to explode. The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact 【8】 rats are not just a pest. They really are 【9】 (hero) and they show us every day that they are worthy 【10】 that name.

    【答案】

    【1】expressions

    【2】a

    【3】generally

    【4】to find

    【5】have used / have been using

    【6】less

    【7】hidden

    【8】that

    【9】heroes

    【10】of

    【解析】

    这是一篇说明文。通常情况下老鼠都是不受欢迎的动物，但APOPO的老鼠训练师有不同的看法，经过训练的老鼠可以发现地雷等隐藏的爆炸物，它们也可以为人们做好事。

    【1】考查名词的数。此处应填名词作为介词with的宾语，又expression作为“表达”时可数，结合语境判断此处应用复数形式，故填expressions。

    【2】考查冠词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“叫某人老鼠是一个很大的辱骂”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，又big是元音音素开头，故填a。

    【3】考查副词。此处应填副词修饰动词，故填generally。

    【4】考查不定式。此处考查短语train sb. to do sth.“训练某人做某事”，其中不定式是宾补，故填to find。

    【5】考查现在完成时。此处是句子谓语动词，根据for years判断为现在完成时，也可理解为现在完成进行时，主语humans是复数，故填have used/ have been using。

    【6】考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词修饰名词money，根据前文的better判断此处应用比较级，故填less。

    【7】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语explosives和hide之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填hidden。

    【8】考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是同位语从句连接词，从句rats are not just a pest.成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that，故填that。

    【9】考查名词的数。此处应填名词作表语，由are判断用复数形式，故填heroes。

    【10】考查介词。此处考查短语be worthy of“值……”，故填of。

    第8小题考查同位语从句的连接词。确定同位语从句的连接词一般分为三步：分析从句成分；结合句意选出连接词；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：

    分析从句成分：从句成分完整rats are not just a pest

    结合句意：“APOPO所做的工作在传播事实方面很重要，这个事实就是老鼠不仅仅是有害的动物”句子意义完整，用that引导

    考虑特殊情况：无

    故填that

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