Question

【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Since the day of its birth, the United Nations has been the subject of much debate. 【1】

Others think that it is too weak. We can better understand this debate if we learn more about the U.N. and its history.

The U.N. was started for two reasons. First, when the idea was born, people all over the world were tired of war. They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world’s problems.

【2】

The second reason was that modern science had developed new bombs and airplanes. 【3】

National borders were beginning to lose their meaning. Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future. Only an international organization would be able to control modern science.

Franklin D. Roosevelt, U.S. President at the time, believed that the Allies (联盟) should plan for peace before the war ended. On December 1, 1943, Roosevelt, Britain’s Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin from Soviet Union agreed to start an organization for world peace. 【4】

During the next year and a half, the idea of such an organisation was debated around the world. Then came the big day. On April 11, 1945, the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco. The goal of the meeting was to write the U.N. Charter (宪章). All of the fifty-one nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the Charter. 【5】

Every nation present voted for the Charter. No one voted against it.

A. After a long debate, a final harter was agreed upon.

B. The U.N. Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.

C. They asked all countries, large and small, to join the organization.

D. Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.

E. They also felt that only an international organization could keep world peace.

F. These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.

G. Some people attack the organization because they think it is too powerful.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】E

【3】F

【4】C

【5】A

【解析】

试题分析:本文介绍了联合国成立的原因和历史。

【1】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文说联合国一直是很受争议的，下文提到有些人觉得它太弱了，所以G选项说“有些人攻击这个组织，因为他们认为它太强大了”能够起承接作用，故选G。

【2】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文提到的联合国成立的原因之一是因为人们厌倦了战争，所以需有和平的答案来解决世界问题，所以E选项“他们还认为，只有一个国际组织可以保持世界和平”能够进一步解释说明联合国成立的原因之一，是人类对和平的向往，故选E。

【3】F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要说明了由于科学发展了新的炸弹和飞机，国家的边界开始失去意义，只有一个国际组织才能控制现代科学。所以E选项“这些武器使一个国家几乎不可能保护自己”符合语境，故选F。

【4】C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文提到“罗斯福，英国丘吉尔温斯顿和斯大林的从苏联同意开始一建立个世界和平组织”，所以C选项“他们要求所有国家，无论大小，加入该组织”符合语境，故选C。

【5】A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前面提到“在接下来的一年半，建立这样一个组织的想法在世界各地被辩论”，以及最后一句话“每个国家都出席了这一宪章，没有人投反对票”可见他们达成一致，所以A选项“经过长时间的讨论，最终达成了一个最后的宪章”符合，故选A。