Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined .Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.
Nitrogen（氮） and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌） networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神经元）in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.
Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend .She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow .When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.
“We didn't take any notice of it .” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
1.The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragragh2 probably means that trees________.
A. compete for survival
B. depend on each other
C. provide support for dying trees
D. protect their own wealth
2.“Mother trees” are extremely important because they________.
A. look the largest in size in the forest
B. know more about the complex “tree societies”
C. pass on nutrition to young trees
D. seem more likely to be cut down by humans
3.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .
A. how “tree societies” work
B. how trees grow old
C. how forestry industry develops
D. how young trees survive
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection
C. Trees Contribute To Our Society
D. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think
53随堂测系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016宁夏育才校勤行校区高二下第二次6月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Discoveries about the nature of DNA in the 1940s made1. ________ possible for cloning experiments to progress. In 1944 the discovery 2.________ genetic information for each cell was kept in the cell’s DNA gave scientists new ways to attempt 3.________ (clone) animals.
The first cloned animal was a tadpole4. ________ was cloned in 1952. Thomas J. King and Robert W. Briggs believed, based on their clones, that young cells were more viable (可生长发育的) for the cloning process than adult cells.
The next successful cloning experiments also resulted 5.________ cloned frogs. John Gurdon cloned South African frogs in 1962. His experiments proved that the previous theory that adult cells were 6.________ (able) to be used in the cloning process was wrong. From 1962 to 1965, more frog clones were created from adult frog cells.
While animal cloning had been the focus of cloning experiments, the 1960s also saw7. ________ types of cloning. In 1964 F. C. Steward 8.________ (undertake) an experiment in which he took an adult cell from a carrot plant and successfully cloned the plant.
So far more than 20 different animals, 9.________ (include) dogs, cats, and the famous Dolly, have been cloned, 10. ________ human cloning research has been forbidden in many countries.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东深圳高中高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Since you are in a hurry, why don’t you ______ for a taxi ______ stay here waiting for the bus?
A. calling; other than B. call; rather than
C. call;more than D. calling;or rather
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东深圳高中高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father was a highly educated, intelligent gentleman. He could debate or discuss for hours on almost any topic and hold your _________ in the process. I thought there was nothing he wasn’t _________ to do.
A few days before my younger brother’s 7th birthday, Dad planned to assemble（装配）a new _________ as a special birthday surprise. After nearly an hour of _________ the instructions, Dad was still unable to _________ the new bike together. Later he _________ the paper of instructions, _________ up his tool box, and decided to take the bike back to the local toy store and pay extra _________ to have it correctly assembled there. _________ an idea came to him, as he called out to Lovett, the quiet little man who cut our grassland.
“Lovett, have you ever assembled a boy’s bicycle?”
As Lovett walked towards the bike, Dad handed him the _________ . Lovett handed it back to him, saying, “No, thanks. I can’t read. When you can’t read, you have to _________ .” Less than 15 minutes later, the new bicycle was _________ assembled, with no _________ parts remaining. Dad shook Lovett’s hand, patted him on the back, thanked him, and hid the bike.
On the night after my brother received his shiny new gift, Dad announced at the family dinner table what had happened several days earlier. He took great _________ in telling it over and over again — he used it as an example of thinking.
He did not refer to illiteracy（文盲）, but strongly taught us to use our _________ . The joke was on my father, _________ he was able to turn it into a learning tool, and I liked him even more after that incident. I also gained a new _________ for Lovett. To me he had _________ been the old yard man who didn’t _________ much, but after that day, he seemed to smile _________ , even walk taller. It’s amazing what a real nod of approval can do to lift people up.
1.A. belief B. breath C. view D. attention
2.A. willing B. able C. lucky D. capable
3.A. bicycle B. toy C. computer D. boat
4.A. reviewing B. reading C. examining D. searching
5.A. bring B. get C. work D. put
6.A. looked through B. folded up C. turned to D. devoted to
7.A. brought B. added C. picked D. set
8.A. effort B. tax C. service D. money
9.A. Then B. Thus C. Since D. Though
10.A. tools B. routines C. instructions D. orders
11.A. exchange B. think C. learn D. admit
12.A. partly B. largely C. hardly D. fully
13.A. separate B. different C. major D. spare
14.A. care B. action C. delight D. risk
15.A. resources B. heads C. knowledge D. hands
16.A. so B. but C. or D. and
17.A. respect B. reward C. relief D. regard
18.A. never B. ever C. always D. often
19.A. say B. show C. care D. earn
20.A. colder B. weaker C. broader D. grayer
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年甘肃天水一中高二下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore , we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山西太原市高二5月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
文中共有10处错误, 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Jim,
I am so exciting that you will come to China．I will free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you．I'll meet you at the airport and then you will take Bus No．8 for my home．You worry about the weather here in your email．In fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you. During your stay here, I'll take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks．I am sure we will have greatly fun together.
Looking forward to meeting you soon.
John
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山西太原市高二5月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Rules for the University Entrance Examination
• You must be at the examination center ten minutes before the examination starts. If you are more than ten minutes late, you may not enter the examination center. The examination takes place at the same time in different states.
• You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number. Show these when you come to the examination center.
• Depending on which examination you are taking, you may bring certain items into the examination center. Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators. Other subjects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference material. Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully.
• You must bring your own pencils. None will be provided for you. The following items are not allowed in the examination center: walk-mans and radios, head sets, any food or drink, school bags, electronic equipment (unless specifically permitted for various subjects), and mobile phones.
• Once in the center, you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it. When you sit down, place your examination number at the top corner of your desk.
• You must remain silent during the examination. You must not disturb other people who are taking the test.
• If you need a drink or toilet break, you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor (监督者) to speak to you. You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom. You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break.
• You must write your answers in the official answer sheet. Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes.
• You may leave the examination room at any time if you do not plan to return. If you finish early and want to leave, please move well away from the examination center.
• The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes, five minutes and one minute before the end of the examination. When the supervisor says that the time is up, you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until your paper is collected.
1.What are you allowed to have with you when you take mathematics examination?
A. Related material. B. Proof of yourself.
C. A cell phone. D. A dictionary.
2.What should you do if you finish the test early?
A. Stay in the examination center.
B. Remain in your seat and check again.
C. Keep a distance from the center.
D. Raise your hand to inform your teacher.
3.What can be provided for you during the exam?
A. Pencils. B. Food and drink.
C. Extra paper. D. Calculators.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年吉林松原油田高中高二下期中考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Parents often think that time spent with their kids will gradually decrease in adolescence. But a new study suggests that while teens try to avoid spending a lot of time together with their parents, private parent-child meetings may actually increase in their early adolescent years. And that may raise a teenager’s self-esteem (自尊) and social confidence, especially if it is the time that spent with Dad, the researchers added. The researchers created a long-term study in which they invited families in 16 school districts in central Pennsylvania to participate. In each family, a teenager, a younger sibling (兄弟姐妹), their mother and their father were interviewed at home and then asked about their activities and self-worth five times over a period of seven years.
The study authors were surprised to discover that when fathers spent more time alone with their teenagers, the kids reported they felt better about themselves. Something about the father’s role in the family seemed to improve self-esteem among the teenagers in the study, said study co-author Susan McHale, a professor of human development at Pennsylvania State University.
“Time with Dad often involves joking, teasing, and other playful interactions. Fathers, compared to mothers, were more involved in leisure activities and had more peer-like interactions with their children, which is crucial for youth social development,” the study showed. But Marta Flaum, a psychologist in Chappaqua, New York, said, “How these findings reflect the real world is a real question. The sample in the study is so small and so unrepresentative of most families in the country today that I’m not sure how much we can generalize from it. In my community in Westchester County, I don’t see parents and teenagers spend much time together at all. Parents are often working so hard and have less time to be together with their kids.”
However, Flaum encourages parents to make time for their kids no matter how much work they have to do. “Research like this reminds us of how important it is. The time we have with them is so short,” she said.
1.According to the study, when teenagers spend more time alone with their fathers, _________.
A. their social skills will be improved
B. their fathers will better understand them
C. they will be willing to help their siblings
D. their family members will spend more time together
2.What is Flaum’ attitude towards the findings of the study?
A. Unconcerned B. Favorable.
C. Doubtful. D. Puzzled.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. The research by Susan McHale.
B. The work to be done.
C. Parents’ encouragement.
D. The time parents spending together with their kids.
4.Where is the passage most likely to be taken from?
A. Science magazine. B. A news report.
C. A research plan. D. An advertisement.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北邢台市高一6月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, our class was on duty in the cafeteria(食堂) for student self-management. On the first day, I 1. (shock) to see so much leftover food thrown away by students. What 2. waste! Being concerned about it, my classmates and I had a 3. (heat) discussion on how 4. (solve) the problem. Lots of good ideas came up, such as holding class meetings, putting up wall newspapers and charging a fine for wasting food. 5. (final), we all agreed that a wall newspaper would be the best choice.
The next day, we put our idea into reality. Towards lunch time, we put up a wall newspaper outside the school cafeteria, 6. (call) on students not to waste food. Many students gathered around to read and 7. (express) their support. To my great delight, there were changes soon. In the cafeteria, I found the trays returned after lunch all empty 8. any leftover. Food 9. (save) and the dining hall was cleaner. Seeing this, I felt relieved and proud of 10. we had done.
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