【题目】A lot of people are interested in sea animals, especially the ones that are beautiful and smart. Although some are wild, and can be deadly, each is also unique in its own way. Whales, sharks and dolphins are the main subjects of sea-animal research, with dolphins standing out from whales and sharks for their friendly behavior with humans. No doubt the desire to learn some interesting things about dolphins has led you to this article, and you too are eager to know more about these sea creatures.
It is sometimes believed that Dolphins have been evolved from land mammals. Among sea mammals, dolphins are the most advanced in intelligence. You may be surprised to learn that they are close relatives of camels and cows. The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however. Some believe that they evolved from land-based hoofed (有蹄的) mammals, others believe thattheyevolved from other different kinds of mammals many millions of years ago. There are about 32 types of dolphins that live in salt water, each unique in its color and body shape. Five other types live in fresh water.
A grown-up dolphin eats nearly 20 to 22 kilos of fish every day. The eating habits of dolphins depend on where they live, and on the season. Seasons in which fish are abundant are like party time for dolphins. Dolphins decide how much they are going to eat based on the fat content of the fish available. They’ve a good sense of understanding about their hunger.
The social skills and intelligence of dolphins make them very attractive for zoos and aquariums, where they are often trained to show off their diving skills. Dolphins also communicate with each other by special sounds.
【1】Scientists like to research dolphins mainly because _______.
A. they are friendly to humans B. they have good diving skills
C. they have unique bodies D. they are beautiful and clever
【2】The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to _________?
A. Camels and cows. B. Dolphins.
C. The relatives of dolphins. D. Hoofed mammals.
【3】We can know for sure from the second paragraph that dolphins ___.
A. evolved from land animals B. are the most advanced animals in the world
C. have a close connection with camels D. live only in salt water
【4】Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ___________?
A. How dolphins know they are hungry. B. How much dolphins eat daily.
C. What dolphins like to eat. D. The eating habits of dolphins.
【答案】B选项Dolphins.
【解析】试题分析：文章主要讨论海洋动物——海豚。讲述了海豚的进化，饮食习惯以及海豚的社交技能和智慧。
【1】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whales, sharks and dolphins are the main subjects of sea-animal research, with dolphins standing out from whales and sharks for their friendly behavior with humans.”可知，海豚因为其不同于其它海洋动物的对人们的友好行为，而成为海洋研究的主要话题。故选A。
【2】词句猜测题。根据上文The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however.可知，对于海豚的起源的辩论一直是一个没完没了的话题，下文讲述一些人认为他们是从有蹄的哺乳动物的进化来的，其他人认为它是数百万前从其它的哺乳动物进化来的。因此推断they指海豚。故选B。
【3】细节理解题。根据第二段You may be surprised to learn that they are close relatives of camels and cows.可知，海豚与骆驼有密切联系。故选C。
【4】段落大意题。通读第三段可知，成年海豚每天吃差不多20到22公斤鱼，海豚的饮食习惯取决于他们生活在哪里以及季节，海豚根据可食用的鱼的脂肪含量来决定它们要吃多少，他们对饥饿有很好的感觉。因此推断本段主要讲述海豚的饮食习惯。故选D。
高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。例如小题2：
【解题剖析】此题属于猜测词义。答案需要看前面的内容推断画线词。
【答案定位】根据上文The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however.可知，对于海豚的起源的辩论一直是一个没完没了的话题，因此推断下文讲述一些人认为他们是从有蹄的哺乳动物的进化来的，其他人认为它是数百万前从其它的哺乳动物进化来的。因此推断they指海豚。
【推理关系】题干The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to _________?文章内容Some believe that they evolved from land-based hoofed (有蹄的) mammals, others believe thattheyevolved from other different kinds of mammals many millions of years ago.
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