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    2．Loneliness has been linked to depression（抑郁）and other health problems．Now，a study says it can also spread．A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness．And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same．
    Earlier findings showed that happiness，obesity（肥胖） and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups．The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham，Massachusetts．
    The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease．Since then，more tests have been added，including measures of loneliness and depression．
    The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study．The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness．The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends．
    For example，loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors．The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together．The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men．
    The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year．The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days．But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days．
    Lonely people become less and less trusting of others．This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject（排斥）them．
    John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study．He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness．He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks．
    57．As an average person，if you have 2 more common friends，how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness？D
    A.48 days．B.17 days．C.65 days．D.43 days．
    58．What can we infer from the passage about lonely people？C
    A．They can overcome loneliness themselves．
    B．They will decrease loneliness day by day．
    C．They are in great need of help from people around．
    D．They can help others to repair their social networks．
    59．What's the best way to help lonely people according to this passage？B
    A．Put them together．B．Make friends with them．
    C．Help them stop smoking．D．Ask them to loose weight．
    60．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？B
    A．Loneliness-The Cause of Depression
    B．How Loneliness Can Affect Social Networks
    C．Loneliness-A Serious Social Problem
    D．How People Can Help A Lonely Person．

    分析 本文是一篇调查报告．调查研究发现，孤独具有传染性，一个孤独的人他的朋友孤独的可能性有50%；这项研究涉及5000多人，研究了这些人交朋友的历史和他们的关于孤独的情况报告．研究发现孤独影响邻里之间的关系，在女性之间更容易传播；朋友越多，孤独越少；而孤独的人越来越难以信任他人，越来越难交朋友以至于最终被社会抛弃，所以文章最后提倡多和孤独的人交朋友．

    解答 57．D．本题是计算题．由倒数第三段第一句可知一个普通人一年有48天会感到孤独，第三句内容可知增加两位普通朋友可让一个人孤独的时间减少5天，所以答案是D．
     
    58．C．推理判断题．由最后一段最后一句可知，孤独的人需要帮助，且倒数第三段最后一句指出，多交朋友可以减少人们的孤独，故孤独的人更需要友情，因此可推知答案为C项．
     
    59．B．推理判断题．由倒数第三段最后一句"But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days．每增加一个朋友可减少孤独两天半"推断多交朋友会减少孤独；倒数第二段最后一句也可推知帮助孤独者最好的方法是与他们交朋友．
     
    60．B．主旨大意题．第一段点明了本文的主题：孤独影响朋友、邻里等社会关系，并且文章利用一项调查研究的数据说明孤独和朋友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交朋友可以减少孤独．

    点评 调查报告或者研究报告类的阅读理解目的在于与读者分享新的发现，其发现往往出现在第一段，而文章的结尾处往往有论点或发现的概括，或研究的弊端、或研究的后续方向，所以读这类文章的时候要特别关注首段和尾段．解题的过程中强调整体把握的基础上依据原文细节推敲推断．

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