12.Sit-down habit is killing us
How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day?Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the norm for many people.You probably don't need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health---from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity(肥胖) in the long term,to reduced cholesterol(胆固醇)maintenance in the short term,not to mention the strain(拉紧)on your neck and spine.
To make matters worse,a growing body of research finds that negative effects of sitting too much cannot be replaced with a good diet and regular exercise,according to an article in The New York Times.
The article reported that a 2010study of nearly 9,000Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day,the risk of dying rose by 11percent.
Another study tracked the health of 123,000Americans between 1992and 2006.The death rate for men who spent six hours or more per day sitting was about 20percent higher than for men who sat for three hours or less.The death rate for women who sat for more than six hours a day was about 40percent higher.In other words,sitting is killing us.
Stand up for health
So what can we do about it?Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.
The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting.They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day.The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood,and when they sat around.When they looked at the data there were some striking differences,the BBC reported on Oct.16.
Blood glucose leveled off (呈平稳状态)after a meal much quicker on the days when the study subjects stood compared with the days they spent in a chair.Standing also burned more calories-about 50calories an hour.Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30,000extra calories,or around 3.63kilograms of fat."If you want to put that into activity levels,then that would be equal to running about 10marathons a year,"said John Buckley,a member of the research team."Just by standing up three or four hours during your day at work."
Buckley said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits,our bodies also need the constant,almost imperceptible(感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides.Simple movement helps us to control our all-important blood sugar.
The researchers believe that even small adjustments,like standing while talking on the phone,going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail,or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator,will be of great help to us.
Sit-down habit is killing us
Negative effects caused by sitting too muchBesides(71)increasing the risk of heart disease and obesity in the long term,sitting too much also leads to(72)reducingcholesterol maintenance in the short term.
It will keep our neck and spine strained.
(73)Resultsof many researchesA good diet and regular exercise cannot74replacethe negative effects of sitting too much.
The more hours one spends watching TV,the(75)higherthe death rate will be.
(76)Comparedwith the days one spent in a chair,blood glucose levels off after a meal much quicker on the days when they stood.
The amount of calories that are (77)burnedby standing is equal to that by running about 10marathons a year.
(78)Suggestionsmade by experts,We should break up those many hours spent sitting with more hour spent standing
Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under(79)control.
We should start from small adjustments,which will (80)helpus greatly.
分析 文章讲述了久坐给我们带来的各种各样的危害,一些专家对此给我们提出了一些建议.
解答 71.increasing 考查动名词.根据besides为介词,意思是除…之外,后需接动名词形式.
72.reducing/reduced/decreasing/decreased 考查分词.句子里lead to是固定短语,引起、导致,to是介词,后需接动名词形式.
73.Results/Findings 考查名词.根据后面的of many researches很多研究,所以填result表示结果,要注意填复数形式.
74.replace 考查动词.分析句式可知,放在情态动词can 后面需用动词原形,句意为节食和锻炼也不能代替久坐带来的消极影响.
75.higher 考查比较级.分析句式可知,考查固定句型the 比较级…the 比较级.句意为看电视时间越多,死亡率越高.
76.Compared 考查非谓语.句子的主语blood glucose 和compare之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式.
77.burned 考查被动语态.根据句子,that are burned是定语从句,修饰The amount of calories,并且和burn之间是被动关系.
78.Suggestions/Tips/Advice 考查名词.根据made by experts可知,针对这些问题,专家提出了一些建议.
79.control 考查动词.考查固定短语,keep our all-important blood sugar under control意思把…控制在内.
80.help/benefit考查动词.句意为,我们应该从小的改变开始,这些小的开始会对我们有很大帮助,benefit意思是使..获益.
点评 本文是一篇阅读填空,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.