Question

【题目】One of the two major types of smog - consisting of smoke fog, sulfur dioxide (二氧化硫), sulfuric acid, ash, and soot (煤烟) -is called London smog. Indeed, the word smog is thought to have originated in England in 1905 as a short form of the words “smoke” and “fog.”

Probably the worst case of smog in history started in London on Thursday, 4 December, 1952. 【1】 A temperature inversion (逆温) placed a blanket of warm air over the cold air. With nightfall, a thick fog and below-freezing temperatures caused the people of London to put coal into their small stoves. Millions of these fires burned throughout the night, pouring sulfur dioxide and smoke into the air. The next day, Friday, the people continued to bum coal when the temperature remained below freezing.【2】

Saturday was a day of darkness. For twenty miles around London, no light came through the smog. The air was cold and still.【3】 On Monday, 8 December, more than one hundred people died of heart attacks while trying desperately to breathe.【4】

By the time a light wind cleared the air on Tuesday, 9 December, more than 4,000 deaths had been caused by the smog. This is more people than were ever killed in any single hurricane, mine disaster, shipwreck, or airplane crash.【5】 Air pollution events may not seem as serious and shocking as other disasters, but they can be just as deadly.

A. Where does “smog” come from?

B. Soot and ash can be removed in a scientific way.

C. And the coal fires continued to bum throughout the weekend.

D. A large cold air mass moved into the valley of the Thames River.

E. The factories added their smoke and chemical gas to the atmosphere.

F. This is more people than were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.

G. The city’s hospitals were overflowing with patients with breathing-related diseases.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】C

【4】G

【5】F

【解析】本文主要讲述从古至今就一直存在空气污染，但自工业革命后愈发严重，而去除污染代价昂贵，现在还做不到。

【1】D

根据上句：历史上最严重的烟雾可能是在星期四，1952年12月4日在伦敦开始的。再根据据空格下句：逆温层把暖空气覆盖在冷空气上。可知：一大片寒冷的气团进入了泰晤士河的山谷。故选D。

【2】E

根据前文：数百万的火灾在夜间燃烧，二氧化硫的燃烧向空气中倾倒二氧化硫和烟雾。当气温保持在冰点以下时，人们继续燃煤。所以与前文相匹配的内容应该是：E项，The factories added their smoke and chemical gas to the atmosphere. 工厂向大气中添加了烟和化学气体。

【3】C

根据上文：星期六是一个黑暗的日子。环绕伦敦二十英里，烟雾中没有灯光。空气又冷又静。所以，整个周末煤火一直在燃烧。故选C。

【4】G

根据上文：在拼命地呼吸期间，超过一百人死于心脏病发作。可知这座城市的医院里满是呼吸病人。故选G。

【5】F

根据前文：12月9日，4000多人死于雾霾。这比任何一次飓风、煤矿灾难、船舶失事或飞机坠毁死的人都要多。与之相匹配的应该是：F项， This is more people than were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.这比1941年的珍珠港袭击死的人还要多。此处关键词是：

This is more people than were killed---。