17．Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century．Besides his famous stories，he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people．
Born in 1881to a wealthy family，Lu Xun had a happy childhood．In 1893，however，his grandfather，a senior government official，was put into prison for taking money．At the same time，his father became seriously ill．From that time on，his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends．These early experiences greatly influenced his writing．
By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899，he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern．In 1902he went to study in Japan．There，he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines．He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books，although none was popular．He returned to China in 1909because he was in need of money．
After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing，Lu Xun again returned to writing．In 1918，he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman．It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke，which helped make it a great success．This，together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q （1921），made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer．
Although successful，Lu Xun still worried greatly about China's future．In 1926，he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called"pen warfare"．He now only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government．For this，the government stopped him from publishing any more books．He was forced to write his articles using false names．
Since his death in 1936，Lu Xun's importance and influence have grown．Today，many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world．
21．Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun's writing according to the passage？B
A．The people he met in Japan．
B．The experiences in his early life．
C．Working as a teacher in Beijing．
D．His father's being put into prison．
22．According to the passage，why was Lu Xun's story Diary of a Madam so popular？B
A．It was based on Lu Xun's diary．
B．It was the first novel to use everyday language．
C．Its story took place in modern times．
D．It was written using a western style．
23．The underlined word"This"（Paragraph 4）refers toA．
A．the success of Diary of a Madman
B．the use of everyday language
C．the first Chinese novel
D．The True Story of Ah Q
24．After moving to Shanghai，Lu Xun mainly wroteC．
A．funny stories
B．articles about himself
C．articles against the government
D．stories about government officials．
分析 本文主要是介绍了中国近代著名的文学家鲁迅，以时间为线索介绍了他的生平经历及部分作品．
解答 21-24 BBAC
21．B 本题考查了细节理解的用法，由题意"根据本文下列哪个极大地影响了鲁迅的写作？"，结合第二自然段的最后一句可知是早年的经历，故选B．
22．B 本题考查了细节理解的用法，由题意"根据本文为什么鲁迅的《狂人日记》如此受欢迎？"，结合第四自然段的第二句可知是它是第一部使用白话文的小说，故选B．
23．A 本题考查了细节理解的用法，由题意"第四自然段的划线单词"This"指什么？"，结合第四自然段的第二句可知是它是第一部使用白话文的小说，因此是使用白话文，故选B．
24．C 本题考查了细节理解的用法，由题意"到达上海后，鲁迅主要写什么？"，结合第五自然段中的"He now only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government．"可知主要写反对政府的文章，故选C．
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 （3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．
